Using public databases for genomic prediction of tropical maize lines     

Pedro Patric Pinho Morais  Deniz Akdemir  Luciano Rogério Braatz de Andrade  Jean-Luc Jannink  Roberto Fritsche-Neto  Aluízio Borém  Filipe Couto Alves  Danilo Hottis Lyra  Ítalo Stefanine Correia Granato 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(4):697-707

In this paper, the aims were (a) to test the usefulness of using genomic and phenotypic information from public databases (open access) to predict genetic values for tropical maize inbred lines regarding plant and ear height; (b) to identify how the population structure, the use of optimized training sets (OTSs) and the amount of information originating from public databases affect the predictive ability. Thus, 29 training sets (TSs) were defined considering three diversity panels: the University of São Paulo (USP—validation set (VS)) and the ASSO and USDA North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station (NCRPIS) (external public panels—predictors), which were divided into four scenarios with different TS configurations. We showed that it is possible to use public datasets as a primary TS and that population structure can modify the predictive abilities of GS. In the four scenarios proposed, very large or very small sets did not provide predictive abilities over 0.53 for GS. However, OTSs composed of 250 individuals were sufficient to achieve predictive abilities over this limit.  相似文献   

Ancient biomolecules from deep ice cores reveal a forested southern Greenland   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Willerslev E  Cappellini E  Boomsma W  Nielsen R  Hebsgaard MB  Brand TB  Hofreiter M  Bunce M  Poinar HN  Dahl-Jensen D  Johnsen S  Steffensen JP  Bennike O  Schwenninger JL  Nathan R  Armitage S  de Hoog CJ  Alfimov V  Christl M  Beer J  Muscheler R  Barker J  Sharp M  Penkman KE  Haile J  Taberlet P  Gilbert MT  Casoli A  Campani E  Collins MJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5834):111-114

It is difficult to obtain fossil data from the 10% of Earth's terrestrial surface that is covered by thick glaciers and ice sheets, and hence, knowledge of the paleoenvironments of these regions has remained limited. We show that DNA and amino acids from buried organisms can be recovered from the basal sections of deep ice cores, enabling reconstructions of past flora and fauna. We show that high-altitude southern Greenland, currently lying below more than 2 kilometers of ice, was inhabited by a diverse array of conifer trees and insects within the past million years. The results provide direct evidence in support of a forested southern Greenland and suggest that many deep ice cores may contain genetic records of paleoenvironments in their basal sections.  相似文献   

Influence of long-term organic and mineral fertilization on soil nematofauna when growing Sorghum bicolor in Burkina Faso   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cécile Villenave  Stéphane Saj  Anne-Laure Pablo  Saïdou Sall  Djibril Djigal  Jean-Luc Chotte  Mousa Bonzi 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2010,46(7):659-670

Soil degradation has led crop yield to decline in many Sahelian countries and is a fundamental agricultural and economical threat for local populations. In Saria, Burkina Faso, long-term experiments are being performed to find efficient soil management practices that could improve soil fertility. A randomized block experiment comprising organic amendment (unamended control, straw at 8.3 t ha⁻¹, manure at 10 t ha⁻¹) coupled with mineral fertilization (no urea, urea at 60 kg ha⁻¹) was started in 1980 with a continuous sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cropping system. Twenty-six years after the settlement of the treatments, we compared their effects on nematode populations, community structure, and ecological indices, as well as soil physical and chemical properties at three stages of sorghum’s cropping cycle.  相似文献   

Impact of low hydration of barley grain on β-glucan degradation and lipid transfer protein (LTP1) modifications during the malting process     

Runavot JL  Bakan B  Geneix N  Saulnier L  Moco K  Guillon F  Corbineau F  Boivin P  Marion D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(15):8256-8264

One of the objectives of the malting industry is to reduce the energy cost during kilning without major effect on malt quality. In this study, the impact of a low hydration steeping process on lipid transfer protein (LTP1) modifications and β-glucan breakdown was evaluated in low (LH) and high (HH) hydrated malts. LTP1 modifications analyzed by MS/MS revealed acylation, glycation, and disulfide bond breakage in both LH and HH malts. LTP1 free amine content measurement and fluorescence of Maillard protein adducts revealed no significant difference between LH and HH malts. Immunolabeling of LTP1 during malting highlighted the diffusion of the protein from the aleurone layer to the endosperm at the end of steeping in both LH and HH malts. By contrast, a significant higher amount of β-glucans was measured in LH malts after five days of germination, whereas no significant difference between LH and HH malts was revealed through immunostaining of β-glucans or evaluation of the endosperm integrity after seven days of germination. The possibility to reduce the effects of a low hydration steeping process on β-glucan hydrolysis by increasing germination time was discussed.  相似文献   

Disseminated Mycobacterium avium subspecies infection in a cat     

Rivière D  Pingret JL  Etievant M  Jechoux A  Lanore D  Raymond-Letron I  Boucraut-Baralon C 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2011,13(2):125-128

An 18-month-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat, domiciled in the southwest of France, was first presented having suffered for a few days from dysorexia and vomiting. Abdominal palpation revealed lymph node enlargement. Cytological examinations of a fine needle aspirate demonstrated granulomatous inflammation with many non-staining elements consistent with mycobacteria. Diagnosis was confirmed by culture and polymerase chain reaction and Mycobacterium avium subspecies was isolated. Treatment was initiated with marbofloxacin, rifampicin and cefoxitin. There was a rapid clinical improvement. The cat suddenly died 2 months later. The main hypothesis is the administration of an inappropriate combination therapy that leads to the development of mycobacterial resistance. A volvulus and acute peritonitis secondary to the significant enlargement of a mesenteric lymph node were present at necropsy. Histopathological analysis of mesenteric lymph node, liver and spleen revealed multicentric granulomatous and severely necrotic lesions with numerous Ziehl-Neelsen positive intracytoplasmic elements.  相似文献   

A Feedback Mechanism to Control Apoptosis Occurs in the Digestive Gland of the Oyster Crassostrea gigas Exposed to the Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Producer Alexandrium catenella     

Jean-Luc Rolland  Walid Medhioub  Agnes Vergnes  Celina Abi-khalil  Véronique Savar  Eric Abadie  Estelle Masseret  Zouher Amzil  Mohamed Laabir 《Marine drugs》2014,12(9):5035-5054

To better understand the effect of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PSTs) accumulation in the digestive gland of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, we experimentally exposed individual oysters for 48 h to a PSTs producer, the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. In comparison to the effect of the non-toxic Alexandrium tamarense, on the eight apoptotic related genes tested, Bax and BI.1 were significantly upregulated in oysters exposed 48 h to A. catenella. Among the five detoxification related genes tested, the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP1A) was shown to be correlated with toxin concentration in the digestive gland of oysters exposed to the toxic dinoflagellate. Beside this, we observed a significant increase in ROS production, a decrease in caspase-3/7 activity and normal percentage of apoptotic cells in this tissue. Taken together, these results suggest a feedback mechanism, which may occur in the digestive gland where BI.1 could play a key role in preventing the induction of apoptosis by PSTs. Moreover, the expression of CYP1A, Bax and BI.1 were found to be significantly correlated to the occurrence of natural toxic events, suggesting that the expression of these genes together could be used as biomarker to assess the biological responses of oysters to stress caused by PSTs.  相似文献   

Electrochromic Properties and Electrochemical Behavior of Marennine,a Bioactive Blue-Green Pigment Produced by the Marine Diatom Haslea ostrearia     

Nellie Francezon  Mickaël Herbaut  Jean-Franois Bardeau  Charles Cougnon  William Blanger  Rjean Tremblay  Boris Jacquette  Jens Dittmer  Jean-Bernard Pouvreau  Jean-Luc Mouget  Pamela Pasetto 《Marine drugs》2021,19(4)

Marennine has long been known as the unique peculiar pigment responsible for the natural greening of oysters. It is specifically produced by the marine diatom Haslea ostrearia and it is a natural blue molecule indeed promising for food industry because of the rarity of such non-toxic, blue-colored pigments. In the search for its still not defined molecular structure, investigation of the color changes with the redox state has been carried out combining different approaches. Reducing and oxidizing chemicals have been added to purified marennine solutions and a stable blue-green color has been confirmed for the oxidized state, while a yellow color corresponded to the reduced unstable state. Raman spectroscopy has been used to monitor changes in the Raman spectra corresponding to the different colored states, and cyclic voltammetry has allowed the detection of a redox system in which protons and electrons are exchanged. These findings show that marennine is a suitable stable blue pigment for use in food applications and help in the elucidation of the chromophore structure.  相似文献   

Coastal environments shape chemical and microbial properties of forest litters in the Circum-Mediterranean region     

Amine Habib Borsali  Thomas Z. Lerch  Rania Besbes  Raphaël Gros  Isabelle Laffont-Schwob  Jean-Luc Boudenne  Fabio Ziarelli  Anne Pando  Anne Marie Farnet Da Silva 《European Journal of Soil Science》2021,72(2):1010-1025

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Elastic layer model for application to crack propagation problems in timber engineering     

Jean-Luc Coureau  Per Johan Gustafsson  Kent Persson 《Wood Science and Technology》2006,40(4):275-290

A fracture mechanics model for analysis of crack initiation and propagation in wood is defined and applied. The model has the advantage of being simple, yet it enables reasonably general and accurate analysis commonly associated with more complex models. The present applied calculations are made by means of the finite element method and relate to progressive cleavage fracture along grain. The calculations concern a tapered double cantilever beam specimen and an end-notched beam. Comparisons are made of experimental test results. The fracture properties of the wood are modelled by means of a very thin linear elastic layer located along the crack propagation path. The properties of the layer are such that the strength and fracture energy of the wood are represented correctly. This makes a single linear elastic calculation sufficient for strength prediction. Both crack development and pre-existing cracks can be analyzed. Both material strength and fracture energy and stiffness are taken into account, their relative influence on structural strength being different for different elements. The fracture layer is in the finite element context represented by joint elements. Propagation of a crack can be analyzed either by a series of elastic calculations corresponding to different crack lengths or by use of a finite element code for non-linear analysis. The computational results include sensitivity analysis with respect to the influence of the various material parameters on structural strength.  相似文献   

Genomic DNA methylation of juvenile and mature Acacia mangium micropropagated in vitro with reference to leaf morphology as a phase change marker     

Baurens FC  Nicolleau J  Legavre T  Verdeil JL  Monteuuis O 《Tree physiology》2004,24(4):401-407

Genomic DNA methylation was analyzed in Acacia mangium Willd. microshoots micropropagated in vitro from juvenile and mature explants, and in relation to leaf morphology of the microshoots, which is considered a phase change indicator. Based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses, we found more DNA methylation in microshoots exhibiting juvenile leaf morphology (22.4%) than in microshoots of the mature phyllode morphological type (20.7%), irrespective of the age of the source material. Overall, the degree of DNA methylation in A. mangium microshoots was consistent with values reported for other angiosperms. Complementary investigations based on methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) techniques established that, of 1204 fragments revealed by the different primer pairs used, 49 (i.e., 4.08%) were derived from C(5m)CGG methylated sites. Three of these C(5m)CGG sites were exclusive to the juvenile plant material, and three sites were exclusive to the mature source. No fragments were associated specifically with leaf morphology, rather than with plant age. Thus, although the two age classes could not be distinguished based on a quantitative HPLC measure of DNA methylation, qualitative differences existed, as demonstrated by the six age-specific markers identified by MSAP. The reliability of the MSAP data was confirmed on a larger sample of juvenile plant material, which suggested that the total of six methylation markers detected is probably an underestimation of the age-related differences in DNA methylation that may exist between juvenile and mature plant materials.  相似文献