Understanding fishing and conservation of the Pacific seahorse (Hippocampus ingens) in Sinaloa,Mexico, through local ecological knowledge     

Jesus Alejandro Najera-Medellin  Miroslava Quiñónez-Martínez  Nemer E. Narchi  Dídac Santos-Fita  Jesús Manuel Díaz-Gaxiola 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2024,34(1):e4053

LAPAROSCOPIC SONOGRAPHY IN THE URINARY SYSTEM     

Federico  Soria-Gálvez  DVM  Francisco Miguel  Sánchez-Margallo  DVM  PhD  Idoia Díaz  -Güemes Martín-Portugu&#;s  DVM  Francisco Javier  Hernández-Hernández  MD  PhD  Luis Javier  Ezquerra-Calvo  DVM  PhD  Jesus  Usón-Gargallo  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(5):465-471

This work reports the use of laparoscopic-transducer sonography for the examination of the urinary system in a swine model. Animals underwent a two-phase study. In the first phase, the urinary system was examined using laparoscopic sonography. In the second a partial ureteral obstruction was induced, and sonographic changes were recorded and evaluated. Sonography was used to evaluate kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Anatomic structures were evaluated and the following pathological findings were identified: renal cysts, one polycystic kidney, dilation of the renal pelvis, hydronephrosis, and one perirenal pseudocyst. Where necessary, contrast digital fluoroscopy (excretory urography and retrograde ureteropyelography) was also performed. Laparoscopic sonography mainly is used for evaluation prior to laparoscopic surgery to guide decisions relating to surgery. The quality of the images obtained laparoscopically is superior to that of percutaneous or transabdominal images, because artifacts are reduced and the contact surface of the transducer is placed directly over the study area. Laparoscopic sonography proved highly effective for studying renal and ureteral disorders prior to minimally invasive surgery.  相似文献   

The effect of antibody to caseous lymphadenitis in ewes on the efficacy of vaccination in lambs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MW Paton  AR Mercy†  SS Sutherland‡  TM Ellis‡  SR Duda§ 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(4):143-146

The effect of maternal antibody to the toxin of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, produced by caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) in ewes or by vaccinating ewes before lambing, on the efficacy of vaccination against CLA in their lambs was examined. Lambs were allocated to treatments according to either the vaccination history of their dam or level of CLA toxin antibody of their dam. They were vaccinated twice using 2 different inoculation regimes and then artificially infected with CLA organisms. The number of lambs with CLA lesions was assessed at slaughter. In one experiment high levels of CLA toxin antibody activity in ewes were associated with decreased efficacy of CLA vaccination in their lambs, when lambs were vaccinated at 2 and 8 weeks or 8 and 14 weeks of age. In a second experiment the efficacy of lamb vaccination at 8 and 12 weeks, but not at 14 and 18 weeks of age, was decreased. In sheep flocks with a high prevalence of CLA, vaccinating lambs against CLA at less than 10 weeks of age may not produce optimum protection against CLA in lambs. There was no difference in infection rate between lambs from vaccinated and unvaccinated ewes. However, vaccination of lambs at 2 and 8 wks was less effective that vaccination at 8 and 14 weeks, probably due to reduced immunocompetence in young lambs. In sheep flocks where significant numbers of lambs receive their primary vaccination at less than 3 weeks of age vaccination programmes to control CLA in lambs may be less effective.  相似文献   

Secondary succession in a fragmented Atlantic Forest landscape: evidence of structural and diversity convergence along a chronosequence     

Ladivania Medeiros do Nascimento  Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto Sampaio  Maria Jesus Nogueira Rodal  Ana Carolina Borges Lins-e-Silva 《Journal of Forest Research》2014,19(6):501-513

Changes in physiognomy, species composition and structure, and dispersal mechanisms of canopy and subcanopy plant assemblages were investigated along a chronosequence of three ages: 12, 20, and 50+ years old (=old-growth), three replications in each, in an Atlantic Forest landscape in Northeastern Brazil. Our objective was to investigate whether there is floristic and structural convergence along secondary succession. There were significant differences between secondary and old-growth forests in density and basal area only for the subcanopy. Differences in density between forest ages were noted when the assemblage was analyzed per diameter and height classes. Richness of canopy species of both secondary ages differed from those of old-growth forests. Some dominant species in the canopy of secondary forests showed a significant decrease in density with increasing age, which indicates an ongoing process of floristic changes. The low level of shared species between secondary and old-growth forests supports the idea that species composition is one of the last components to recover during successional process. Zoochory was the most important dispersal guild in species percentage and number, irrespective of stand age. Although regenerating areas can take alternative pathways, our results indicate that secondary Atlantic Forest sites have a high potential for natural regeneration. This recovery is recorded as a physiognomic convergence of the canopy layer in as little as 12 years, and progressive introductions of later successional species into the plant assemblage that lead to convergence in terms of the diversity and richness of the subcanopy and of dispersal guilds just 20 years after abandonment.  相似文献   

Characterization of antibiosis to the silverleaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in cowpea entries     

Patrícia L. Cruz  Edson L. L. Baldin  Maria de Jesus P. de Castro 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(4):639-645

The silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is considered one of the most important pests of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), limiting the productivity of this crop worldwide. Chemical control is still the main strategy for the management of populations of this insect. However, due to the harmful effects of pesticides on the environment and to humans, less injurious alternatives have been investigated. Along this line, the use of resistant genotypes can be a valuable tool for the control of the silverleaf whitefly. In this paper, we investigate some biological aspects of B. tabaci biotype B confined on 14 genotypes of cowpea. We evaluated the incubation period, egg viability, duration of nymphal stages, total duration of the juvenile phase, instar mortality and total mortality of the immature stage. The genotype MNC 99-541 F21 exhibited antibiosis against the whitefly, prolonging the lifecycle of the insect. The genotypes Canapu, BRS-Urubuquara and TE97-304 G-4 also exhibited antibiosis, causing high nymphal mortality. These results may help in breeding programmes to develop cowpea lines with resistance to B. tabaci biotype B.  相似文献   

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (‘pestivirus’) in Australia: to control or not to control?     

SR Lanyon  MP Reichel 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(8):277-282

  相似文献   

Economics. The demography of educational attainment and economic growth     

Lutz W  Cuaresma JC  Sanderson W 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5866):1047-1048

  相似文献   

Analysis of water application cost with permanent set sprinkler irrigation systems     

J.?Montero MartínezEmail author  R.?S.?Martínez  J.?M.?Tarjuelo Martín-Benito 《Irrigation Science》2004,23(3):103-110

In order to identify the subunit design incurring the lowest costs, it is necessary to consider various factors, thereby assuring the correct hydraulic performance of the subunit. Water application costs with a sprinkler irrigation system comprise: investment cost (pumps plant, pipes, sprinklers, ditches), energy, manpower, maintenance and water costs. This work analyses the influence of different design and performance factors, such as subunit arrangement, spacing, working pressure, average application rate, and application efficiency on water application costs in a permanent set sprinkler irrigation subunit. The results show that the most important factor is the spacing between sprinklers. The next most important factor is the shape of the subunit (number of laterals and number of sprinklers per lateral). Working pressure is important too, since a decrease in pressure will result in a decrease in energy costs, although pipe diameter will need to increase. The higher the average application rate of the system, the higher the water application cost. The influence of irrigation efficiency is higher as water price increases. The water application cost can be reduced by 40% when application efficiency increases from 60% to 90%.Communicated by A. Kassam  相似文献   

Dehydrin from citrus, which confers in vitro dehydration and freezing protection activity, is constitutive and highly expressed in the flavedo of fruit but responsive to cold and water stress in leaves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sanchez-Ballesta MT  Rodrigo MJ  Lafuente MT  Granell A  Zacarias L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(7):1950-1957

A cDNA encoding a dehydrin was isolated from the flavedo of the chilling-sensitive Fortune mandarin fruit (Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tanaka x Citrus reticulata Blanco) and designed as Crcor15. The predicted CrCOR15 protein is a K2S member of a closely related dehydrin family from Citrus, since it contains two tandem repeats of the unusual Citrus K-segment and one S-segment (serine cluster) at an unusual C-terminal position. Crcor15 mRNA is consistently and highly expressed in the flavedo during fruit development and maturation. The relative abundance of Crcor15 mRNA in the flavedo was estimated to be higher than 1% of total RNA. The high mRNA level remained unchanged during fruit storage at chilling (2 degrees C) and nonchilling (12 degrees C) temperatures, and it was depressed by a conditioning treatment (3 days at 37 degrees C) that induced chilling tolerance. Therefore, the expression of Crcor15 appears not to be related to the acquisition of chilling tolerance in mandarin fruits. However, Crcor15, which was barely detected in unstressed mandarin leaves, was rapidly induced in response to both low temperature and water stress. COR15 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified protein conferred in vitro protection against freezing and dehydration inactivation. The potential role of Citrus COR15 is discussed.  相似文献   

Flounder metamorphosis: its regulation by various hormones   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Evelyn Grace de Jesus  Tetsuya Hirano  Yasao Inui 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):323-328

Metamorphosis in the flounder has often been compared with the transition of tadpoles into frogs. The dorsal fin rays of the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) elongate during prometamorphosis when thyroid hormone levels are low, and are resorbed during metamorphic climax when thyroid hormone levels are high. Using an in vitro system for the culture of the flounder fin rays, we have examined how various hormones affect the resorption process. Both thyroxine (T₄) and triiodothyronine (T₃) directly stimulated fin ray shortening, T₃ being more potent than T₄. Other hormones, such as prolactin, cortisol and sex steroids, did not directly affect the resorption process but modified the tissue's response to thyroid hormones. Similar observations were obtained from in vivo studies. We also monitored the changes in the whole body concentrations of various hormones during early development and metamorphosis, and related these with the thyroid hormone profiles in order to get a better picture of their interactions. The gaps in the present status of research on the role of thyroid hormones during metamorphosis in the Japanese flounder are also discussed.  相似文献