拖拉机自动转向系统设计及仿真   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢明  马蓉  任玲  石翔  张长龙 《农机化研究》2015,(11):108-112

以TN654拖拉机为平台,基于原车液压转向系统,设计一套比例方向电磁阀组和电控单元(ECU),构建了能响应程序控制的自动转向系统。通过建立阀控缸动力系统数学模型,利用Mat Lab对该系统PD控制性能进行仿真分析。仿真结果显示:系统最大迟滞0.24、1.8s内均能达到平衡点,表明系统具有良好的控制精度和响应性,符合拖拉机自动驾驶作业需求。  相似文献   

梯形组合刀盘设计及作业性能试验     

史岩鹏  翟长远  朱瑞祥  闫小丽  葛世强  李成鑫  时永 《农机化研究》2015,(12):182-187

针对免耕播种机开沟器工作中容易出现缠草堵塞、草土混杂及干湿土混杂影响播种质量的问题,设计了一种新型梯形组合刀盘,制作了试验装置,并进行了土槽和田间试验。试验表明:梯形组合刀盘在秸秆覆盖量不大于1.2kg/m2时,通过性满足要求;梯形组合刀盘工作时组合刀盘和开沟器先后开出"W"沟和"V"沟,草土分离系数达95%,干湿土分离系数可达91.7%。梯形组合刀盘破茬防堵性能可靠,实现了草土分离及干湿土分离,可为种子萌发及出苗创造良好条件。  相似文献   

基于快速成型技术的植保机械快速设计开发-以农用喷雾器为例     

果霖  阳厚森  施杰  张天会  徐人平 《农机化研究》2015,(10):220-223,227

探讨应用先进的快速成型技术,进行植保机械快速设计开发的新途径。以植保机械中常用的农用喷雾器为例,进行喷雾器药液箱体的快速造型设计和手柄开关的快速结构设计,并对其进行分析。设计案例表明:快速成型技术解决了农用喷雾器设计开发中的一些难题,是植保机械快速设计开发的有效工具,对于加快推进植保机械化具有积极的促进作用。  相似文献   

香蕉茎秆纤维提取机刀片的分析和优化设计—基于SolidWorks     

李成斌  梁栋  张喜瑞  郑侃  陈实 《农机化研究》2015,(1):68-70,74

为减小香蕉茎秆纤维提取机刀片工作时的最大应力,增大其安全系数,利用SolidWorks软件对刀片进行三维建模,运用软件的Simulation插件分析刀片的应力、应变云图,并对刀片相关尺寸进行优化设计。优化结果显示,刀片的最大应力由68.58MPa下降到49.33MPa,下降约28%;刀片的最小安全系数由3.21上升到4.47,增加了约1.4倍;刀片的质量由0.702kg下降到0.698kg,达到了优化的目标。  相似文献   

The effect of lactic acid bacterial starter culture and chemical additives on wilted rice straw silage          下载免费PDF全文

Yan‐Su Wang  Wei Shi  Lin‐Ting Huang  Cheng‐Long Ding  Chuan‐Chao Dai 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(4):525-535

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are suitable for rice straw silage fermentation, but have been studied rarely, and rice straw as raw material for ensiling is difficult because of its disadvantages, such as low nutrition for microbial activities and low abundances of natural populations of LAB. So we investigated the effect of application of LAB and chemical additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of wilted rice straw silage. Treatment with chemical additives increased the concentrations of crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), acetic acid and lactic acid, reduced the concentrations of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), but did not effectively inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms. Inoculation with LABs did not improve the nutritional value of the silage because of poor growth of LABs in wilted rice straw. Inoculation with LAB and addition of chemical materials improved the quality of silage similar to the effects of addition of chemical materials alone. Growth of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria was inhibited by this mixed treatment and the LAB gradually dominated the microbial community. In summary, the fermentation quality of wilted rice straw silage had improved by addition of LAB and chemical materials.  相似文献   

Estimation of the standardized ileal digestible lysine requirement for primiparous pregnant sows          下载免费PDF全文

M. Shi  C. X. Shi  Y. K. Li  D. F. Li  F. L. Wang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):287-293

This experiment was conducted to determine the optimal standardized ileal digestible lysine (SID Lys) level in diets fed to primiparous sows during gestation. A total of 150 (Landrace × Large White) crossbred gilts (weighing 149.9 ± 3.1 kg) were fed gestation diets (12.55 MJ of ME/kg) containing SID Lys levels of 0.43, 0.52, 0.60, 0.70 or 0.80% respectively. Gilts were fed 2.0 kg/day from day 1 to 80 and 3.0 kg/day from day 80 to 110 of gestation respectively. Gilts were allocated to treatments based on their body weight on the day of breeding. Weight gain from day 80 to 110 increased with increasing dietary SID Lys levels (p = 0.044). Fitted broken‐line (p = 0.031) and quadratic plot (p = 0.047) analysis of body weight gain indicated that the optimal SID Lys level for primiparous sows was 0.70 and 0.69% respectively. During gestation, neither backfat thickness nor loin eye area was affected by dietary SID Lys level. Increasing dietary Lys had no effect on the litter size at birth or pigs born alive per litter. Litter weight at birth was not affected by dietary SID Lys level. The litter weight variation at birth quadratically decreased with increasing dietary SID Lys (p = 0.021) and was minimized at 0.70% dietary SID Lys. Gilts fed the 0.70% SID Lys diet had the highest dry matter (p = 0.031) and protein (p = 0.044) content in colostrum. On day 110 of gestation, gilts fed the 0.70% SID Lys diet tended to have the highest serum prolactin (p = 0.085) and serum insulin (p = 0.074) levels. The data demonstrate that the optimal dietary SID Lys was 0.70% for pregnant gilts, which is similar to the recommendation of 0.69% that was estimated by the NRC (2012).  相似文献   

Seasonal and photoperiodic regulation of secretion of hormones associated with reproduction in Magang goose ganders   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shi ZD  Huang YM  Liu Z  Liu Y  Li XW  Proudman JA  Yu RC 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2007,32(3):190-200

This study examined the reproductive endocrine profile under natural and artificial photoperiods in Magang goose ganders. Group 1 ganders (n=8) served as non-treated controls and were exposed to natural photoperiod throughout the experiment from 13th January to 17th December 2004. Group 2 ganders (n=8) were exposed to 18 h long daily photoperiod for 60 days from 13 January till 15 March 2004 and again to 16 h photoperiod for 75 days till 10th October 2004, and the 11h short photoperiod in the remainder periods of the experiment. In control ganders, plasma LH concentrations were high in normal breeding seasons (August-March) and decreased to low levels in non-breeding season from April to July. Testosterone concentrations changed similarly to that of LH throughout the seasons. Seasonal pattern of PRL concentrations was opposite to those of LH and testosterone, with low values in breeding season and high values in non-breeding season. In artificial photoperiod treated ganders, increasing photoperiod increased PRL and decreased LH and testosterone concentrations, while decreasing photoperiod reversed these changes. There were no seasonal or photoperiod caused changes in plasma T3 concentrations in both control ganders and artificial photoperiod treated ganders. These results demonstrated that in Magang goose ganders that long photoperiod stimulates PRL secretion and decreases LH secretion, which terminates reproductive season in spring and early summer, and short photoperiod stimulates LH secretion and inhibits PRL secretion rendering ganders enter into reproductive season.  相似文献   

Incidence and effects of West Nile virus infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated horses in California     

Gardner IA  Wong SJ  Ferraro GL  Balasuriya UB  Hullinger PJ  Wilson WD  Shi PY  MacLachlan NJ 《Veterinary research》2007,38(1):109-116

A prospective cohort study was used to estimate the incidence of West Nile virus (WNV) infection in a group of unvaccinated horses (n = 37) in California and compare the effects of natural WNV infection in these unvaccinated horses to a group of co-mingled vaccinated horses (n = 155). Horses initially were vaccinated with either inactivated whole virus (n = 87) or canarypox recombinant (n = 68) WNV vaccines during 2003 or 2004, prior to emergence of WNV in the region. Unvaccinated horses were serologically tested for antibodies to WNV by microsphere immunoassay incorporating recombinant WNV E protein (rE MIA) in December 2003, December 2004, and every two months thereafter until November 2005. Clinical neurologic disease attributable to WNV infection (West Nile disease (WND)) developed in 2 (5.4%) of 37 unvaccinated horses and in 0 of 155 vaccinated horses. One affected horse died. Twenty one (67.7%) of 31 unvaccinated horses that were seronegative to WNV in December, 2004 seroconverted to WNV before the end of the study in November, 2005. Findings from the study indicate that currently-available commercial vaccines are effective in preventing WND and their use is financially justified because clinical disease only occurred in unvaccinated horses and the mean cost of each clinical case of WND was approximately 45 times the cost of a 2-dose WNV vaccination program.  相似文献   

Identification and distribution of fungal pathogens associated with seedling blight of rice in the southern United States     

Shankar P. Gaire  Xin-Gen Zhou  Yong Zhou  Jun Shi  Young-Ki Jo 《Plant pathology》2023,72(1):76-88

Surveys were conducted in the five southern rice-producing states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri and Texas in the United States during the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons to determine the distribution and pathogenicity of fungal pathogens associated with seedling blight in rice. A total of 349 pathogenic fungal isolates were collected and identified as belonging to four genera: Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp., Sclerotium rolfsii and Marasmius graminum based on morphological characteristics, molecular analysis and Koch's postulates. R. solani (252 out of 349 pathogenic isolates) was the most prevalent fungus isolated from diseased samples. Of the 252 pathogenic R. solani isolates, 245 were further classified as anastomosis group 11 (AG-11) and 7 as AG-4. Isolates of R. solani AG-4 and M. graminum were the most aggressive, with the highest stand loss (63% to 100%) and median disease rating (DR; 5.0), followed by isolates of R. solani AG-11 (stand loss = 4% to 100% and DR = 0.6 to 5.0), Fusarium spp. (stand loss = 26% to 48% and DR = 2.0 to 5.0) and S. rolfsii (stand loss = 33% to 48% and DR = 2.0 to 3.0) in causing seedling blight in rice. R. solani (62% to 83% of total pathogenic isolates) and Fusarium spp. (10% to 24% of total pathogenic isolates) were predominant in all the five states surveyed. S. rolfsii and M. graminum were present only in Louisiana and Texas. The results of this first systematic survey of rice seedling diseases in the southern United States will help develop effective fungicide seed treatment strategies for control of stand loss caused by seedling blight, one of the major factors limiting rice production.  相似文献   

基于MaxEnt模型预测梨火疫病菌的潜在地理分布     

吴卓瑾  梁特  石娟 《植物保护学报》2023,50(6):1518-1527

为探究梨火疫病菌解淀粉欧文氏菌Erwinia amylovora在全球的潜在地理分布,基于其全球分布数据和筛选得到的环境变量,利用MaxEnt模型对其在当前气候和未来气候条件下的潜在地理分布进行预测,并利用刀切法和皮尔逊相关性分析法筛选对梨火疫病菌分布有重要影响的环境变量。结果显示,对梨火疫病菌分布有重要影响的环境变量包括2月平均最高温度、1月平均降水量、7月平均最低温度、温度变化方差、昼夜温差月均值和7月平均降水量,表明春季和夏季的温度和降水对梨火疫病菌的分布有较大影响。在当前气候条件下,梨火疫病菌在全球的适生区分布较广,适生区总面积达到5.58×10⁷ km²,且高适生区主要分布在北美洲沿海地区、地中海沿岸和亚洲中部及东部的部分地区;梨火疫病菌在我国的适生区总面积为7.36×10⁶ km²,占全国陆地总面积的76.70%;在未来气候SSP126和SSP585情景下,梨火疫病菌在全球的适生区总面积分别为5.52×10⁷ km²和5.24×10⁷ km²。表明梨火疫病菌对我国大部分地区有潜在威胁,应加强监测与防控。  相似文献