Cauda equina compression syndrome (CECS): retrospective study of surgical treatment with partial dorsal laminectomy in 86 dogs with lumbosacral stenosis     

Kinzel S  Koch J  Stopinski T  Afify M  Krombach G  Buecker A  Küpper W 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2004,117(7-8):334-340

We report our results of partial lumbosacral laminectomy for treatment of canine Cauda equina Compression Syndrome due to a lumbosacral stenosis. Opposite to conventional techniques of dorsal laminectomy, only widening of the Spatium interarcuale is performed. This is achieved by exstirpation of the Lig. flavum and partial dorsal laminectomy of the first sacral segment. The Proc. spinosi and integrity of facet joints are fully maintained by this technique. In 96.5% of 86 dogs treated with this method relief of dorsal pressure and permanent rapid regression of clinical symptoms was achieved. In two cases recurrence of clinical symptoms was observed during follow up and one case showed no improvement at all. In conclusion partial dorsal laminectomy is a minimal invasive technique for treatment of Cauda equina compression syndrome expressed by pain reaction accompanied by minor neurological deficits caused by lumbosacral stenosis. Maintained spinal stability allows short reconvalescence and the unrestricted use of dogs immediately post operation.  相似文献   

Cross-modality of texture and aroma perception is independent of orthonasal or retronasal stimulation     

Visschers RW  Jacobs MA  Frasnelli J  Hummel T  Burgering M  Boelrijk AE 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(15):5509-5515

To assess the influence of orthonasal and retronasal stimulation on cross-modal interactions between texture and flavor perception of food, a series of experiments have been conducted. Healthy human subjects were exposed to strawberry aroma pulses delivered by a computer-controlled stimulator based on air dilution olfactometry. Just prior to exposure to the aroma, the human subjects consumed water, custard, or protein gels with different textures without any added aroma. The aroma was delivered as a sequence of aroma pulses, in either an orthonasal or a retronasal fashion. The retronasal presentation of aroma with concomitant presentation of texture is thought to more closely mimick the in vivo flavor release of semisolid food products as compared to orthonasal stimulation. The time between oral consumption of the food, including swallowing, and the exposure to the aroma varied between 0.5 and 6.5 s. The subjects rated the intensity of the strawberry aroma. It was observed that the intensity of aroma decreased with increasing firmness of the food that was consumed. Aroma pulses delivered 6.5 s after swallowing were perceived as being more intense as compared to aroma pulses delivered immediately after swallowing. In conjunction with late delivery, the effect cross-modal interactions apparently decreased. Significantly higher odor intensities were reported for the aroma stimuli supplied orthonasally in comparison to retronasal administration. The observed cross-modal effect of texture on aroma intensity was not significantly altered by the mode of aroma delivery, i.e., orthonasal or retronasal stimulus administration.  相似文献   

A multilevel study of socio-economic inequalities in food choice behaviour and dietary intake among the Dutch population: the GLOBE study     

Giskes K  Turrell G  van Lenthe FJ  Brug J  Mackenbach JP 《Public health nutrition》2006,9(1):75-83

OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of individual- and area-level socio-economic characteristics on food choice behaviour and dietary intake. SETTING: The city of Eindhoven in the south-east Netherlands. DESIGN: A total of 1339 men and women aged 25-79 years were sampled from 85 areas (mean number of participants per area = 18.4, range 2-49). Information on socio-economic position (SEP) and diet was collected by structured face-to-face interviews (response rate 80.9%). Individual-level SEP was measured by education and household income, and area-level deprivation was measured using a composite index that included residents' education, occupation and employment status. Diet was measured on the basis of (1) a grocery food index that captured compliance with dietary guidelines, (2) breakfast consumption and (3) intakes of fruit, total fat and saturated fat. Multilevel analyses were performed to examine the independent effects of individual- and area-level socio-economic characteristics on the dietary outcome variables. RESULTS: After adjusting for individual-level SEP, few trends or significant effects of area deprivation were found for the dietary outcomes. Significant associations were found between individual-level SEP and food choice, breakfast consumption and fruit intake, with participants from disadvantaged backgrounds being less likely to report food behaviours or nutrient intakes consistent with dietary recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that an individual's socio-economic characteristics play a more important role in shaping diet than the socio-economic characteristics of the area in which they live. In this Dutch study, no independent influence of area-level socio-economic characteristics on diet was detected, which contrasts with findings from the USA, the UK and Finland.  相似文献   

Ice sheets and sea level     

Oerlemans J  Dahl-Jensen D  Masson-Delmotte V 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5790):1043-5; author reply 1043-5

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Expression profiling of genes involved in the biotrophic colonisation of Coffea arabica leaves by Hemileia vastatrix     

Ana Vieira  Pedro Talhinhas  Andreia Loureiro  Johannes Thürich  Sébastien Duplessis  Diana Fernandez  Maria do Céu Silva  Octávio S. Paulo  Helena Gil Azinheira 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,133(1):261-277

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Iron catalysts for selective anti-Markovnikov alkene hydrosilylation using tertiary silanes     

Tondreau AM  Atienza CC  Weller KJ  Nye SA  Lewis KM  Delis JG  Chirik PJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6068):567-570

Alkene hydrosilylation, the addition of a silicon hydride (Si-H) across a carbon-carbon double bond, is one of the largest-scale industrial applications of homogeneous catalysis and is used in the commercial production of numerous consumer goods. For decades, precious metals, principally compounds of platinum and rhodium, have been used as catalysts for this reaction class. Despite their widespread application, limitations such as high and volatile catalyst costs and competing side reactions have persisted. Here, we report that well-characterized molecular iron coordination compounds promote the selective anti-Markovnikov addition of sterically hindered, tertiary silanes to alkenes under mild conditions. These Earth-abundant base-metal catalysts, coordinated by optimized bis(imino)pyridine ligands, show promise for industrial application.  相似文献   

Effect of head and neck position on intrathoracic pressure and arterial blood gas values in Dutch Warmblood riding horses during moderate exercise     

Sleutjens J  Smiet E  van Weeren R  van der Kolk J  Back W  Wijnberg ID 《American journal of veterinary research》2012,73(4):522-528

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Differences in hematologic variables in rats of the same strain but different origin     

Kampfmann I  Bauer N  Johannes S  Moritz A 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2012,41(2):228-234

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Satellite-based stand-wise forest cover type mapping using a spatially adaptive classification approach     

Johannes Stoffels  Sebastian Mader  Joachim Hill  Willy Werner  Godehard Ontrup 《European Journal of Forest Research》2012,131(4):1071-1089

Due to high variation in forest communities, forest structure and the fragmentation of the forested area in Central Europe, satellite-based forest inventory methods have to meet particularly high-quality requirements. This study presents an innovative method to combine official forest inventory information at stand level with multidate satellite imagery using a spatially adaptive classification approach for producing wall-to-wall forest cover maps of important tree species and management classes across multiple ownership regions in a heterogeneous low mountain range in Germany. The classification approach was applied to a 5,200-km² area (about 2,080?km² of forest land, mostly mixed forests) located in the Eifel mountain range in Central Europe. In comparison with conventional classifiers, our results demonstrate a significant increase in classification accuracy in the order of 12%. The method was tested with ASTER images but holds the potential to be used for regular state forest inventories based on standard and novel earth observation data supplied for instance from the SPOT-5 and RapidEye sensors.  相似文献   

Identifying criteria for greenhouse gas flux estimation with automatic and manual chambers: A case study for N2O     

Johannes Wilhelmus Maria Pullens  Diego Abalos  Søren O. Petersen  Asger R. Pedersen 《European Journal of Soil Science》2023,74(1):e13340

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