Soil quality assessment under shifting cultivation and forests in Northeastern Himalaya of India     

Gaurav Mishra  Rossana Marzaioli  Krishna Giri  Rinkumoni Borah  Antara Dutta  R.S.C. Jayaraj 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(10):1355-1368

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of shifting cultivation on soil quality, in Wokha district of Nagaland, using weighted soil quality index (SQIw). Four forest sites and three sites under shifting cultivation were selected and physical (texture and bulk density) and chemical (pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, available N, P, K, exchangeable cations) parameters were analyzed. The SQIw was calculated on a minimum data set selected by principal component analysis, followed by varimax rotation algorithm and through subsequent normalization of the parameters using the linear scoring function. Significant (P < 0.05) variations in SQIw were found across the depth of the soil and land use according to severity of factors associated with land use. Three different classes of soil quality were also identified: high quality (SQIw > 0.70) for two forest soils (FS1 and FS2) and land under shifting cultivation (JH1), low quality (SQIw < 0.50), only to FS3, and intermediate quality (0.50 < SQI < 0.70) in all other soils. The approach used in this study proved to be sensitive to evaluate the soil quality, however further research is required to better understand the sustainability of shifting cultivation by including more physical, biological and chemical indicators.  相似文献   

Suppression of Botryosphaeria canker of apple by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi     

Hare Krishna  Biswajit Das  Brij Lal Attri  Minakshi Grover  Nazeer Ahmed 《Crop Protection》2010

Stem brown canker or Botryosphaeria canker disease impairs the growth and kills the shoots, limbs and even trunks of infected apple trees. Apple roots are usually colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which may have a positive influence on plant growth and suppression of diseases. In order to assess the efficacy of AM to suppress the disease severity and plant growth enhancement, nine AMF inoculation treatments (Sclerocystis dussi, Glomus intraradices, G. fasciculatum, G. bagyaraji, G. leptotichum, G. monosporum, Gigaspora margarita, a mixed AM culture and a non-mycorrhizal control treatment) were used in this present study. Two-year-old potted apple plants, maintained under glasshouse conditions, were either pre-inoculated with AMF followed by stem inoculation with Botryosphaeria ribis or simultaneously inoculated with Botryosphaeria ribis and AM. The results indicated that the incidence of canker was less severe in plants inoculated with AMF in comparison to non-mycorrhizal control. Timing of inoculation also had a significant effect on disease development and plant survival. Plants pre-inoculated with mycorrhiza performed better over those inoculated simultaneously with Botryosphaeria ribis and AM fungi. Furthermore, AM inoculation resulted in improved survival and growth of AMF-colonized plants; though, it varied by species of AM fungi utilized.  相似文献   

Temporal changes in endogenous estrogens and expression of behaviors associated with estrus during the periovulaory period in Murrah buffaloes (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bubalus bubalis</Emphasis>)     

Krishna Mohan  Vijay Kumar  Mihir Sarkar  B. S. Prakash 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(1):21-26

The objective of this study were (1) to establish the duration of behavioral estrus signs and timing of ovulation in Murrah buffaloes (n = 10) and (2) to determine relationship between behavioral estrus signs with change in plasma estrogen concentrations. Estrus and its behavioral signs were detected at hourly intervals by visual observations, per recta examination of genitalia and bull parading four times in a day for 30 minutes each. Among the behavioral signs of estrus, swollen vulva (80%) was the best indicator of estrus followed by excitement (70%). Among the duration of behavioral estrus signs the first and longest duration of estrus signs was swollen vulva which was seen upto 19.8 ± 0.8 h after onset of estrus. The mean total duration of estrus symptoms from appearance to disappearance of all the behavioral estrus symptoms was 23.5 ± 1.7 h. All the behavioral estrus symptoms were observed during the period of estrogen surge. Endocrine profile during the periestrus period showed that the mean peak concentrations of total estrogen 23.9 ± 3.9 pg/ml occurred at 8.8 ± 1.7 h after onset of estrus. The average number of estrus symptoms observed per animal during onset of spontaneous estrus was 5.7. Ovulation occurred after 37.4 ± 1.7 h after onset of estrus and 13.4 ± 1.0 h after end of total estrogen surge respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest that all signs of behavioral estrus occurred during the preovulatory rise in estrogens. The first sign of estrus to be observed was a swollen vulva and this symptom persisted the longest.  相似文献   

Temporal changes in circulating levels of plasma interleukin-8 during peripartum period in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) under subtropical climate     

Kumar V  Kumar P  Mohan K  Sarkar M  Suresh KP  Chauhan MS  Prakash BS 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(3):669-674

The objective of this study was to elucidate the changes in circulating levels of plasma interleukin-8 (IL-8) during peripartum period in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). IL-8 was estimated in blood plasma of healthy peripartum Murrah buffaloes (n = 6) on days ±30, ±15, ±5, ±3, ±1 and 0 pre- and postpartum with respect to the day of parturition (day 0) in each of the two different seasons (hot–humid and spring). The mean microclimate Temperature–Humidity Index (THI) during spring season was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than the corresponding THI in hot–humid season. In both the seasons, plasma IL-8 remained lower in prepartum period (≤46.56 ± 14.08 pg/ml during spring and ≤ 73.18 ± 18.56 pg/ml during hot–humid season) than in the postpartum period (≥51.41 ± 13.82 pg/ml during spring and ≥ 84.13 ± 16.97 pg/ml in hot humid season). During spring, the IL-8 levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) on days +5 and +15 postpartum in comparison to the IL-8 levels on days −30, −5, and −3 prepartum. During hot–humid season, IL-8 level was significantly higher (P < 0.05) on day +30 as compared to the IL-8 levels on days −30 and −5 prepartum. The correlation between IL-8 and mean microclimate THI was significant (r = 0.25, P < 0.01). From the results, it is concluded that peripartum period in buffaloes is associated with an inflammatory response leading to significantly higher plasma IL-8 during parturition and postpartum period than in the pre-partum period.  相似文献   

Postencephalitic epilepsy in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin: Clinical features,risk factors,and long-term outcome     

Adriana Kaczmarska  Roberto José-López  Michał Czopowicz  Kali Lazzerini  Guillaume Leblond  Catherine Stalin  Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(2):808-820

  相似文献   

Changes in fatty acids composition during seed growth and physicochemical characteristics of oil extracted from four safflower cultivars     

Rahamatalla  A.B.  Babiker  E.E.  Krishna  A.G.  EL Tinay  A.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2001,56(4):385-395

Fatty acid contents at different stages ofmaturity and physicochemical characteristics of oilextracted from mature seeds of four safflowercultivars (S208, S400, S541, and S303) were studied. Results indicated that for all cultivars bothsaturated and unsaturated fatty acid contentsfluctuated with seed growth and development. Palmiticacid content decreased up to day 20 after which itstarted to increase for the S400, S541, and S303cultivars, while for S208 it progressively decreased.Stearic acid fluctuated with seed growth anddevelopment. Oleic acid showed slight changes withseed growth and development, while linoleic aciddecreased with seed growth and development for theS400, S541, and S303 cultivars while for S208 afterday 30, it started to increase significantly. For allcultivars, glyceride contents varied among thecultivars with maximum values of 97.70, 2.80 and0.20 for tri-, di- and monoglycerides, respectively. Physicochemical investigation of mature seed oilsshowed that the color, density, refractive index, free fatty acids, peroxide value, saponificationvalue and unsaponifiable matter were similar for allcultivars while viscosity, iodine value, and acetoneinsoluble matter varied among the cultivars.  相似文献   

Long-term feeding ecology and habitat use in harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena from Scandinavian waters inferred from trace elements and stable isotopes     

Micha?l C Fontaine  Krystal A Tolley  Ursula Siebert  Sylvie Gobert  Gilles Lepoint  Jean-Marie Bouquegneau  Krishna Das 《BMC ecology》2007,7(1):1

Background  

We investigated the feeding ecology and habitat use of 32 harbour porpoises by-caught in 4 localities along the Scandinavian coast from the North Sea to the Barents Sea using time-integrative markers: stable isotopes (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N) and trace elements (Zn, Cu, Fe, Se, total Hg and Cd), in relation to habitat characteristics (bathymetry) and geographic position (latitude).  相似文献   

Zn, Cu, Cd and Hg binding to metallothioneins in harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena from the southern North Sea     

Krishna Das  Arnaud De Groof  Thierry Jauniaux  Jean-Marie Bouquegneau 《BMC ecology》2006,6(1):2-7

Background  

Harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena from the southern North Sea are known to display high levels of Zn and Hg in their tissues linked to their nutritional status (emaciation). The question arises regarding a potential role of metallothioneins (MTs) with regard to these high metal levels. In the present study, metallothionein detection and associated Zn, Cd, Cu and Hg concentrations were investigated in the liver and kidney of 14 harbour porpoises collected along the Belgian coast.  相似文献   

Characterization and distribution of phytoplasma strains associated with temperate stone fruits and their possible natural reservoirs in the north-western Himalayan states of India     

Shreenath  Yapalahalli Sathyanarayanappa  Singh  Ashok Kumar  Kumar  Pasumarthi Venkata Dinesh  Watpade  Santosh  Singh  Krishna Pratap  Rao  Govind Pratap 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,162(1):93-104

European Journal of Plant Pathology - To understand the key soil factors that affect the survival and reproduction of Phytophthora sojae in soil, the number of zoospores and oospores of P. sojae...  相似文献   

Diverse RNA viruses in a parasitic flowering plant (spruce dwarf mistletoe) revealed through RNA-seq data mining     

Sidharthan  Venkidusamy Kavi  Chaturvedi  Krishna Kumar  Baranwal  Virendra Kumar 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2022,88(2):138-144

Journal of General Plant Pathology - Spruce dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium sichuanense) is an important vascular parasite of spruce. In this study of the virome of A. sichuanense parasitizing Picea...  相似文献