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71.
Naoto Shimizu Naoki Hosogi Gang-Su Hyon Shan Jiang Kanako Inoue Pyoyun Park 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(1):6-15
AK-toxin I caused plasma membrane modifications with plasma membrane-derived membrane fragments only in sensitive Japanese
pear tissues. H2O2 generation was abundant in both the membrane fragments and the plasma membranes of the toxin-treated sensitive tissues. Whether
lipid peroxidation was induced in plasma membranes of the toxin-treated sensitive tissues was examined biochemically and histochemically.
Lipid peroxidation was caused only in the toxin-treated sensitive tissues or the toxin-treated plasma membrane-enriched fractions
from sensitive young pear fruits. The results indicated that the peroxidation was probably induced by reactive oxygen species
in the modified plasma membranes by action of toxin, suggesting that peroxidation is closely associated with plasma membrane
modifications. 相似文献
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74.
Chikako Kiribuchi‐Otobe Kanako Kurita Takashi Yanagisawa Genkichi Takeda Atsuo Inazu 《Cereal Chemistry》2004,81(1):48-50
The waxy mutant wheat Tanikei A6599‐4 contains little amylose and exhibits a stable hot paste viscosity. It has null alleles at the Wx‐A1 and Wx‐B1 loci and a mutated allele at the Wx‐D1 locus (Wx‐D1e). From the cross‐combination of Kanto 123 (normal amylose line) and Tanikei A6599‐4, 51 DH (doubled haploid) lines were produced and their genotypes were determined by SDS‐PAGE and a derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) analysis. Eight genotypes were obtained at the expected ratio. Using a Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA), all the lines with the same genotype as Tanikei A6599‐4 showed a stable hot paste viscosity. The other lines did not show a stable hot paste viscosity regardless of the presence of the Wx‐D1e allele. When two genotypes with the same Wx‐A1 and Wx‐B1 alleles were compared, the one with Wx‐D1e contained less amylose and exhibited a lower final viscosity and a lower setback with RVA. Although the Wx‐D1e allele produces an almost inactive Wx protein, these findings suggest that this allele contributes at some level to starch synthesis. 相似文献
75.
Takeshi Watanabe Hideo Aoki Kanako Watanabe Masashi Maita Yoichi Yamagata Shuichi Satoh 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(3):461-469
SUMMARY: Two feeding experiments were conducted to evaluate the feed quality of non-fish meal diets having the same protein ingredient composition but prepared as different types, and to determine the supplemental effect of crystalline essential amino acids (EAA) on feed utilization by young yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata . Non-fish meal diets formulated with soy protein concentrate, defatted soybean meal, corn gluten meal, meat meal, and krill meal were prepared as either soft dry pellets (SDP) or extruded pellets (EP) by using a large- or a small-sized twin screw extruder under different preparation conditions; or as a single moist pellet (SMP), each with and without EAA mixtures. Commercial yellowtail SDP was used as the control diet. Fish weighing 134 g and 237 g on average were reared with the experimental diets, for 93 (net cages) and 44 (aquariums) days, respectively. The fish fed both the control and test diets were found to have a good appetite. Growth rate and feed gain ratio were highest in the control diet group. The physiological condition of fish fed the control diet was evaluated as superior compared to those on the non-fish meal diets. Among the non-fish meal diet groups, the best performances were obtained for fish fed the SDP type diet with EAA supplement, and performance parameters excelled in the order of SDP, EP and SMP both among the diets with and without supplemental EAA. This suggests that the nutritional quality of non-fish meal diet was affected by the diet preparation method. It also indicates that supplementation of EAA could improve the quality of non-fish meal diets, irrespective of the diet type, probably as a result from the enhancement of feed protein utilization. 相似文献
76.
Ishihara K Kanamori K Asai T Kojima A Takahashi T Ueno H Muramatsu Y Tamura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(9):1191-1193
To reveal the antimicrobial susceptibilities of Escherichia coli isolates from wild mice, 81 E. coli isolates were obtained from 109 voles (Clethrionomys spp.), 52 large Japanese field mice (Apodemus speciosus) and 19 small Japanese field mice (A. argenteus) captured in a forest of a natural park in Hokkaido, Japan. Seventy-eight of the 81 E. coli isolates were susceptible to all 10 antimicrobial agents tested. One E. coli isolate was resistant to ampicillin, dihydrostreptomycin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol and oxytetracycline. Two isolates were resistant to oxytetracycline. A low prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was maintained among wild mice that inhabited the forest. 相似文献
77.
Miyashita N Kubo Y Yonai M Kaneyama K Saito N Sawai K Minamihashi A Suzuki T Kojima T Nagai T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2011,57(5):636-642
Dolly, the first mammal cloned from a somatic cell, had shorter telomeres than age-matched controls and died at an early age because of disease. To investigate longevity and lifetime performance in cloned animals, we produced cloned cows with short telomeres using oviductal epithelial cells as donor cells. At 5 years of age, despite the presence of short telomeres, all cloned cows delivered multiple healthy offspring following artificial insemination with conventionally processed spermatozoa from noncloned bulls, and their milk production was comparable to that of donor cows. Moreover, this study revealed that the offspring had normal-length telomeres in their leukocytes and major organs. Thus, cloned animals have normal functional germ lines, and therefore germ line function can completely restore telomere lengths in clone gametes by telomerase activity, resulting in healthy offspring with normal-length telomeres. 相似文献
78.
Moritoh K Maeda A Nishino T Sasaki N Agui T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(5):683-686
We have developed a West Nile virus (WNV) subgenomic replicon harboring the secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter gene instead of viral structural genes (designated repWNV/SEAP). The repWNV/SEAP allowed easy evaluation of viral replication efficiency by direct measurement of SEAP secretion in the cell culture medium in physical containment level 2 facilities. Furthermore, we validated the availability of this system using a known anti-flavivirus gene, mouse oligoadenylate synthetase 1b (Oas1b). The Oas1b-transfected cells were more resistant to repWNV/SEAP replication than the original cells. Thus, this system not only affords a useful tool for identification/evaluation of anti-flavivirus genes/drugs in terms of safety, ease of use and reliability, but should be able to reduce or replace the bioassay using laboratory animals. 相似文献
79.
We investigated the effects of rice feeding on growth performance and protein (amino acids) metabolism of weanling piglets. In all, 16 weanling piglets with an average initial weight of 7.5 kg were divided into two groups. One group was fed a corn‐soybean meal‐based diet, and the other was fed a rice‐soybean meal diet, containing around 46% of corn or rice, respectively. A two‐week growth trial was conducted. The average daily gain (p = .025) and feed efficiency (p = .011) in rice‐fed piglets were significantly higher than those in corn‐fed piglets. Liver lysine‐ketoglutarate reductase activity tended to be lower (p = .073) in rice‐fed piglets than in corn‐fed piglets. Plasma urea nitrogen concentration in rice‐fed piglets was significantly lower than that in corn‐fed piglets. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were significantly higher in rice‐fed piglets than in corn‐fed piglets. Plasma‐free valine, isoleucine, and tryptophan concentrations were significantly higher in rice‐fed piglets than in corn‐fed piglets. In contrast, plasma histidine concentration was significantly lower in rice‐fed piglets than in corn‐fed piglets. Overall, these results show that rice feeding improves the growth performance and affects the protein (amino acids) metabolism in weanling piglets. 相似文献
80.
Soil respiration and methane flux from adjacent forest, grassland, and cornfield were measured by using the closed chamber method from June to November, 1999 in Shizunai, Hokkaido, Japan, where the soil was an Aquic Humic Udivitrands derived from volcanic ash. The forest soil absorbed methane, at arate ranging from -0.12 to -0.02 mg C m-2 h-1, while the grassland soil emitted methane, at a rate ranging from undetectable levels to 0.18 mg C m-2 h-1. In the cornfield soil methane flux ranged from -0.01 to 0.04 mg C m-2 h-1. The soil respiration rate varied from 3 to 230 mg C m-2 h-1, 27 to 372 mg C m-2 h-1, and 29 to 156 mg C m-2 h-1 for the cornfield, grassland, and forest soils, respectively. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the methane flux rate was positively correlated with the soil water-filled pore space (WFPS), and negatively correlated with the relative gas diffusion coefficient (D/D o) and air-filled pore space (AFPS). Soil respiration rates were positively correlated with the soil temperature at all the sites. The Q 10 value was 4.8, 3.3, and 1.9 for the cornfield, grassland, and forest soils, respectively. 相似文献