Drip irrigation scheduling for tomatoes in unheated greenhouses   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Bao-Zhong Yuan  Yaohu Kang  Soichi Nishiyama 《Irrigation Science》2001,20(3):149-154

During the last two decades, energy-saving solar greenhouses without heating systems, about 150-800 m² (width: 5-10 m, length: 30-80 m) in size, have been widely used in the North of China for vegetable production during cold seasons. The greenhouse is also suitable for use in other countries located in the temperate or warm-temperate zones, especially in the developing countries, because it is inexpensive with a simple structure, and does not need any additional energy for heating in winter. Drip irrigation has been recognized as a sensible method of supplying water inside the greenhouses, and a simple method for drip irrigation scheduling at low cost is urgently required. Using the water-balance method, the authors studied the water consumption of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and the relationship between evapotranspiration and water surface evaporation measured with 20 cm pan. Research results show that there is no significant water flux at 0.75 m depth when soil water potential is kept higher than -20 kPa at 15 cm depth, and around -20 kPa at 60 cm depth. The accumulative value of evapotranspiration is approximately equal to the accumulative value of water surface evaporation measured using 20 cm pan. Further analysis found that 20 cm pan can be used to determine the water requirement of tomato drip irrigation scheduling in this type of greenhouse.  相似文献   

双螺杆挤压机螺杆元件类型对扭矩和压力的影响     

张波  魏益民  Wolfgang Sietze  Jens Dreisoerner  康立宁 《农业机械学报》2007,38(9):71-74

以食用脱脂低温豆粕为原料,以Brabender DSE-25型双螺杆挤压膨化实验室工作站为加工设备,研究了不同几何参数的输送元件、捏合块和齿型盘6种螺杆元件对挤压过程中扭矩和压力的影响。结果表明:螺杆元件对扭矩和压力有显著影响;对扭矩影响的主次顺序为反向输送元件;齿型盘、捏合块、正向输送元件;有反向螺旋角或错裂角或对物料剪切强度大的元件能够显著增加扭矩;元件对压力的影响规律不明显。对系统稳定性的初步分析认为,错列角为45°和90°的捏合块具有较好的混炼效果,而齿型盘和错列角为-45°的捏合块的混炼效果较差。  相似文献   

氯酸钾对龙眼催花的效应及其机理研究综述     

康由发 《华南热带农业大学学报》2006,12(4):23-26

综述氯酸钾对龙眼催花的效应及其机理,概述应用氯酸钾促使龙眼开花应注意及存在的问题。  相似文献   

河北省海洋生物资源开发现状及可持续利用对策     

管越强  康现江 《河北渔业》2006,(5):1-3,6

介绍了位于环渤海经济圈中心地带的河北省海岸带和海洋经济概况,分析了河北省海洋生物资源的开发利用现状,并从政府管理、生态环境修复、加大海洋科技与教育投入、海洋生物资源摸底调查、海洋渔业产业结构的调整和海洋药用生物资源的开发等六个方面提出了保护和合理利用河北省海洋生物资源的对策,可为海洋生物资源的可持续利用提供参考依据。  相似文献   

红莲型CMS水稻线粒体K+ATP通道特性的初步研究     

夏春皎  王卓  徐鑫  马亢  刘学群  王春台 《华中农业大学学报》2006,25(3):219-222

以水稻红莲型细胞质雄性不育(HL-CMS)不育系粤泰A(YTA)和保持系粤泰B(YTB)黄化苗线粒体为材料,研究了YTA和YTB离体线粒体KA TP通道对其诱导调节剂KCl、ATP、ADP和GTP等的响应特性。结果表明,KA TP通道诱导剂KCl,能明显诱导YTA和YTB线粒体膨胀,但YTA的膨胀程度较YTB的明显;KA TP通道的内源性抑制剂ATP对YTA和YTB线粒体膨胀起显著抑制作用;KA TP通道的内源性激动剂ADP和GTP引起的不育系YTA离体线粒体短暂收缩及之后的再膨胀程度均较YTB的明显;此外,比较YTA和YTB离体线粒体在Rh123一起孵育10 min后,KCl和解偶联剂FCCP处理引起的离体线粒体膜电位(Δψm)下降过程,发现前者的线粒体Δψm较后者的易于过早崩解。对水稻HL-CMS不育系YTA和可育的保持系YTB线粒体KA TP通道特性的比较研究表明,水稻HL-CMS不育系YTA线粒体KA TP通道对其诱导调节剂KCl、ATP、ADP和GTP等的响应较YTB的更敏感。  相似文献   

基于组织培养技术的姜科植物快繁体系的研究进展     

翟彩娇  程玉静  仇亮  王小秋  刘水东  王康 《农学学报》2023,13(4):71-78

为解决姜科植物繁殖系数低、种性退化等问题,扩大姜科植物的繁殖规模,提高品种自身抗逆性和增产潜力,有效建立姜科植物的离体快繁体系,总结了基于植物组织培养技术的部分姜科植物离体快繁体系构建过程中外植体的选择与消毒处理、丛生芽和愈伤组织的诱导、增殖与分化和生根培养条件,阐述了姜科植物离体快繁体系建立过程中存在的问题及解决方案,同时对植物组织培养在姜科植物中的应用进行了展望,以期为姜科植物产业的健康、快速发展提供参考。  相似文献   

铜川市耀州区农户肉羊农牧生态系统能量流动规律的研究     

张呈军  陈玉林  王宝海  康康 《家畜生态学报》2006,27(6):41-45

运用生态学的系统分析方法,以铜川市耀州区金圣生态养羊示范基地农户肉羊农牧生态系统为研究对象,对系统的能量流动规律、种植业与养殖业的生态效率进行分析.分析表明三种规模养殖农户种植亚系统能量产投比与结构调整前相比分别提高了39.40%、39.50%和30.40%,向养殖亚系统输入的总能量占养殖亚系统需能总量的96.61%,88.45%和80.55%;养殖亚系统的能量转化效率分别达到7.35%、8.00%和8.39%,输入到种植亚系统的粪尿能水平分别是调整前粪尿能输入水平(37.64×103 MJ/hm2)的1.57倍、1.84倍和2.07倍.整个系统的经济投入与产出比分别达到1.73、1.83和1.98,三种规模农户的纯收益比调整前分别增加1132.5元、2392.8元和3913.5元.表明农户肉羊生产系统是一个高投入、高产出的农牧生态系统,有较好的生态效益和经济效益.  相似文献   

武汉主汛期小时降水变化     

康恒元  刘玉莲 《农学学报》2020,10(6):52-59

为了加强对武汉市主汛期降水气候和气候变化特征的了解,使用统计方法分析武汉市1955—2015年汛期小时降水数据。结果表明：武汉主汛期降水量443.5 mm,降水小时149 h,降水日数22.7天,降水强度19.5 mm/d;主汛期降水量05时最多28.9 mm,降水发生概率最大是04时13.1%,最小21时8.3%;主汛期内小时降水强度05时最大3.6 mm/h,16时最小1.9 mm/h;降水量、降水强度呈上升趋势,主汛期第3旬的降水强度增加趋势明显。城市防汛抗内涝应更多关注小时降水变化。  相似文献   

Sargassum horneri as a Functional Food Ameliorated IgE/BSA-Induced Mast Cell Activation and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis in Mice     

Eui Jeong Han  Hyun-Soo Kim  Kalu Kapuge Asanka Sanjeewa  Kyungsook Jung  Youngheun Jee  You-Jin Jeon  Ilekuttige Priyan Shanura Fernando  Ginnae Ahn 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Sargassum horneri (S. horneri), an edible brown alga, has been proposed as a functional food with an improvement effect on abnormal skin immune responses. The present study investigates the anti-allergic effect of an ethanol extract from S. horneri (SHE) on immunoglobulin E (IgE)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)-mediated activation in bone marrow-derived cultured-mast cells (BMCMCs) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction in mice. SHE markedly and dose-dependently suppressed the degranulation of BMCMCs by reducing the β-hexosaminidase and histamine release without cytotoxicity. In addition, SHE significantly decreased the FcεRI expression on the surface of BMCMCs and its IgE binding. Moreover, SHE reduced the mRNA expression and the production of allergic cytokines; interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13; interferon (IFN)-γ and/or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; and a chemokine, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), by suppressing the activation of Src-family kinases and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling. In further study, the application of SHE reduced the PCA reaction in an IgE/BSA-induced type I allergic mice model. Taken together, we suggest that SHE has an anti-allergic effect in type I allergic responses.  相似文献   

Screening of Human CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 Inhibitors from Seaweed In Silico and In Vitro     

Sung-Kun Yim  Kian Kim  SangHo Chun  TaeHawn Oh  WooHuk Jung  KyooJin Jung  Chul-Ho Yun 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Phenolic compounds and carotenoids are potential inhibitors of cytochrome P450s. Sixteen known compounds, phenolic compounds and carotenoids from seaweed were examined for potential inhibitory capacity against CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 in silico and in vitro. Morin, quercetin, and fucoxanthin inhibited the enzyme activity of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. The IC₅₀ values of morin, quercetin, and fucoxanthin were 41.8, 22.5, and 30.3 μM for CYP1A2 and 86.6, 16.1, and 24.4 μM for CYP3A4, respectively. Siphonaxanthin and hesperidin did not show any significant effect on CYP1A2, but they slightly inhibited CYP3A4 activity at high concentrations. In silico modeling of CYP’s binding site revealed that the potential inhibitors bound in the cavity located above the distal surface of the heme prosthetic group through the 2a or 2f channel of CYPs. This study presents an approach for quickly predicting CYP inhibitory activity and shows the potential interactions of compounds and CYPs through in silico modeling.  相似文献