Veterinary allergy information has lower health readability than human allergy information: a comparative analysis of allergy education materials for pets and people     

Kathy Chu Tater 《Veterinary dermatology》2021,32(2):144-e33

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Extraction and purification of isoflavones from soybeans and characterization of their estrogenic activities     

Zhang EJ  Ng KM  Luo KQ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(17):6940-6950

Soybean isoflavones have multiple beneficial health effects especially on estrogen-deficient diseases such as menopausal symptoms. In this study, isoflavones were produced from soybean flour, and the extraction and purification parameters were optimized to give a high yield of total isoflavones, about 0.62 mg of aglycones/g of soybean flour, which is >2 times the initial yield. HPLC analysis and MTT cell proliferation assay using MCF-7 cells revealed that the product thus obtained not only contained a high content of isoflavone aglycones but also had estrogenic activity. MTT data also revealed that both genistein and daidzein exhibited estrogenic effects at lower concentrations and antiproliferative effects at higher concentrations, and 1 microM genistein and 10 microM daidzein exerted significant estrogenic activities, which were not more than that of the endogenous level of 17beta-estradiol (E2). The production method developed can be used as a guideline for manufacturing soy isoflavones, and the MTT assay was demonstrated to be suitable for quality control on isoflavone products. The results on the estrogenic properties of isoflavones can be used as reference data for their effective and safe usages in estrogenic therapy.  相似文献   

Parent outcome expectancies for purchasing fruit and vegetables: a validation     

Baranowski T  Watson K  Missaghian M  Broadfoot A  Baranowski J  Cullen K  Nicklas T  Fisher J  O'Donnell S 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(3):280-291

OBJECTIVE: To validate four scales -- outcome expectancies for purchasing fruit and for purchasing vegetables, and comparative outcome expectancies for purchasing fresh fruit and for purchasing fresh vegetables versus other forms of fruit and vegetables (F&V). DESIGN: Survey instruments were administered twice, separated by 6 weeks. SETTING: Recruited in front of supermarkets and grocery stores; interviews conducted by telephone. SUBJECTS: One hundred and sixty-one food shoppers with children (18 years or younger). RESULTS: Single dimension scales were specified for fruit and for vegetable purchasing outcome expectancies, and for comparative (fresh vs. other) fruit and vegetable purchasing outcome expectancies. Item Response Theory parameter estimates revealed easily interpreted patterns in the sequence of items by difficulty of response. Fruit and vegetable purchasing and fresh fruit comparative purchasing outcome expectancy scales were significantly correlated with home F&V availability, after controlling for social desirability of response. Comparative fresh vegetable outcome expectancy scale was significantly bivariately correlated with home vegetable availability, but not after controlling for social desirability. CONCLUSION: These scales are available to help better understand family F&V purchasing decisions.  相似文献   

Don't sell social science short     

Ojima DS  Wall DH  Moore J  Galvin K  Hobbs NT  Hunt WH  Paustian K  Swift D  Boone RB  Conant RT  Klein J  Christensen L  Sankaran M  Ratnam J  Ayres E  Steltzer H  Simmons B  Williams G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5779):1470

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Genetic testing oversight     

Hudson KL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5795):1853

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Comment on “Sap flow measurements by a single thermal dissipation probe: exploring the transient regime” — Ann. For. Sci. 66 (2009) by Mahjoub et al. and “Sap flow measurement by a single thermal dissipation probe in transient regime: implementation of the method and test under field conditions” — Ann. For. Sci. 1-9 (2012) by Masmoudi et al.     

Maurits W. Vandegehuchte  Kathy Steppe 《Annals of Forest Science》2012,69(7):769-771

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Dietary Selection by Domestic Grazing Ruminants in Temperate Pastures: Current State of Knowledge,Methodologies, and Future Direction     

Kathy J. Soder  Pablo Gregorini  Guillermo Scaglia  Andrew J. Rook 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2009,62(5):389-398

Ruminants grazing mixed-species pastures face many choices, including when and where to graze and how much herbage to consume. These choices affect not only the nutritional status of the animal, but also sward composition and nutritive value through selective defoliation. Limited research has been conducted in the area of dietary selection and preference, most of which has been limited to simple model systems often involving a choice between only two herbage species. Although these studies have provided a vital tool to allow understanding of the fundamental principles of foraging behavior, in reality, grazing ruminants are faced with more complex situations. Understanding and managing animal preferences in mixed swards and thereby altering dietary selection can result in greater primary (plant) and secondary (animal) productivity. Key issues to improve this understanding include a better linking of behavioral and nutritional studies, a better understanding of the genetic factors influencing diet selection, and the development of more explicit spatial models of foraging behavior that incorporate multiple scales of decision making. This article, as part of a set of synthesis articles, reviews the current state of knowledge and research methodologies related to diet selection of grazing domestic ruminants with particular reference to improved temperate grazing environments, including how well we understand each part of the complex decision-making process a grazing ruminant faces, the links with primary and secondary productivity, and developments in methodologies. Finally, we identify key areas where knowledge is lacking and further research is urgently required.  相似文献   

Consideration for the pet��s owner during euthanasia     

Kathy Williams 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2012,53(4):338

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Effects of routine prophylactic vaccination or administration of aluminum adjuvant alone on allergen-specific serum IgE and IgG responses in allergic dogs     

Tater KC  Jackson HA  Paps J  Hammerberg B 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(9):1572-1577

OBJECTIVE: To determine the acute corn-specific serum IgE and IgG, total serum IgE, and clinical responses to s.c. administration of prophylactic vaccines and aluminum adjuvant in corn-allergic dogs. ANIMALS: 20 allergic and 8 nonallergic dogs. PROCEDURE: 17 corn-allergic dogs were vaccinated. Eight clinically normal dogs also were vaccinated as a control group. Serum corn-specific IgE, corn-specific IgG, and total IgE concentrations were measured in each dog before vaccination and 1 and 3 weeks after vaccination by use of an ELISA. The corn-allergic dogs also had serum immunoglobulin concentrations measured at 8 and 9 weeks after vaccination. Twenty allergic dogs received a s.c. injection of aluminum adjuvant, and serum immunoglobulin concentrations were measured in each dog 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks after injection. The allergic dogs were examined during the 8 weeks after aluminum administration for clinical signs of allergic disease. RESULTS: The allergic dogs had significant increases in serum corn-specific IgE and IgG concentrations 1 and 3 weeks after vaccination but not 8 or 9 weeks after vaccination. Control dogs did not have a significant change in serum immunoglobulin concentrations after vaccination. After injection of aluminum adjuvant, the allergic dogs did not have a significant change in serum immunoglobulin concentrations or clinical signs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Allergen-specific IgE and IgG concentrations increase after prophylactic vaccination in allergic dogs but not in clinically normal dogs. Prophylactic vaccination of dogs with food allergies may affect results of serologic allergen-specific immunoglobulin testing performed within 8 weeks after vaccination.  相似文献   

Prevalence and risk factors for heartworm infection in cats from northern Florida     

Levy JK  Snyder PS  Taveres LM  Hooks JL  Pegelow MJ  Slater MR  Hughes KL  Salute ME 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2003,39(6):533-537

Necropsies were performed on 630 adult cats in northern Florida to determine the prevalence and risk factors for heartworm infection in cats of this region. Heartworms were identified in 4.9% of cats, and serological evidence of heartworm exposure was present in 17% of cats. Not all cats from which heartworms were recovered were seropositive for heartworm antigen or antibody. There was no association between heartworm infection and co-infection with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) or feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Male cats were at higher risk of infection with heartworm, FeLV, or FIV than were females. Because even a single heartworm can cause clinical disease or death in cats, the authors conclude that cats in this region should receive heartworm prophylaxis to prevent heartworm infection.  相似文献