Effects of dobutamine on cardiovascular function and oxygen delivery in standing horses     

Merit Meier  Regula Bettschart-Wolfensberger  Colin Claudio Schwarzwald  Karine Portier  Annette Gysler  Simone Katja Ringer 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(5):470-476

Dobutamine is routinely used to improve cardiovascular function in anaesthetized horses. However, dobutamine in conscious horses is insufficiently investigated. Ten research horses that were already instrumented for a preceding trial were included into the study. Cardiovascular variables were recorded and blood samples taken after instrumentation (Baseline), before starting dobutamine and after 10 min of dobutamine infusion (2 µg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹). A significant increase in systemic blood pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure and right atrial pressure, and a decrease in heart rate were observed with dobutamine compared with baseline measurements. Arterial and mixed venous haemoglobin and oxygen content, as well as mixed venous partial pressure of oxygen increased. No significant changes in cardiac output, stroke volume, systemic vascular resistance, arterial partial pressure of oxygen, or oxygen consumption, delivery and extraction ratio were detected. Concluding, dobutamine increased systemic blood pressure without detectable changes in stroke volume, cardiac output or systemic vascular resistance in conscious horses.  相似文献   

Nitrogen yield and nitrogen fixation of winter faba beans     

Reinhard Neugschwandtner  Katja Ziegler  Simon Kriegner  Helmut Wagentristl  Hans-Peter Kaul 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(7):658-666

Introducing autumn-sown legumes into Central European farming systems could be beneficial for addressing two challenges for European agriculture, i.e., the substantial deficit of protein sources for livestock and expected changes in agroclimatic conditions. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was conucted under Pannonian climate conditions in eastern Austria to assess nitrogen (N) yield and N fixation of several winter faba bean varieties from different European countries as compared to a spring faba bean. Winter wheat was used as a reference crop for estimating atmospheric N fixation. Winter faba beans were susceptible to frost damage especially in the harder of the two winters. Winter faba bean varieties could not achieve a higher grain yield and a higher grain N yield than the spring faba bean but had a higher grain N concentration (except for one variety). Grain yield and grain N yield of faba beans were severely impaired by drought in one year (with a mean of varieties of 8.3 g N m^?2, winter wheat: 6.4 g N m^?2); in the other year, grain N yield of faba beans considerably surpassed that of winter wheat (with a mean of varieties of 21.5 g N m^?2, winter wheat: 8.8 g N m^?2). After harvest, faba beans left higher nitrate residues in the soil, especially in the subsoil, and higher amounts of N in above-ground residues compared to winter wheat. Faba beans showed high N fixation under optimum conditions (with a mean of varieties of 21.9 g N m^?2) whereas drought considerably impaired N fixation (with a mean of varieties of 6.3 g N m^?2; with no differences between autumn- and spring-sown faba beans). In conclusion, growing winter faba bean varieties in eastern Austria did not result in higher grain yield, grain N yield, and N fixation compared to growing a spring faba bean.  相似文献   

Context matters: the landscape matrix determines the population genetic structure of temperate forest herbs across Europe     

Naaf  Tobias  Feigs  Jannis Till  Huang  Siyu  Brunet  Jörg  Cousins  Sara A. O.  Decocq  Guillaume  De Frenne  Pieter  Diekmann  Martin  Govaert  Sanne  Hedwall  Per-Ola  Lenoir  Jonathan  Liira  Jaan  Meeussen  Camille  Plue  Jan  Vangansbeke  Pieter  Vanneste  Thomas  Verheyen  Kris  Holzhauer  Stephanie I. J.  Kramp  Katja 《Landscape Ecology》2022,37(5):1365-1384

Landscape Ecology - Plant populations in agricultural landscapes are mostly fragmented and their functional connectivity often depends on seed and pollen dispersal by animals. However, little is...  相似文献   

Aquaculture ethics: A systematic quantitative review and critical analysis of aquaculture ethics scholarship     

Katja Cooper  Hugh Breakey  Melea Lewis  Rebecca Marshallsay  Alex Naraniecki  Charles Sampford 《Fish and Fisheries》2023,24(2):321-338

This paper investigates the ethical values, moral principles, methods and reform proposals in aquaculture ethics scholarship to develop a comprehensive and balanced list of aquaculture ethical principles. A Systematic Quantitative Literature Review methodology is employed to parse 150 journal articles on aquaculture ethics. Methodologies, specific ethical values, broad principles, recommended reforms and trends over time are quantified and assessed. Through analysis of invoked values and recommended reforms, six core marine economy ethics principles are identified: Environmental Protection, Fairness, Stakeholder Participation, Harm Prevention, Beneficence and Trustworthiness. A comprehensive multidimensional legitimacy model is employed to uncover ethical gaps and identify promising areas for future aquaculture ethics research.  相似文献   

Retrospective evaluation of the effects of administration of tetrastarch (hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4) on plasma creatinine concentration in dogs (2010–2013): 201 dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Ivayla D. Yozova Dr med vet  Judith Howard DVM  DACVIM  Katja‐Nicole Adamik Dr med vet  DACVECC  DECVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2016,26(4):568-577

  相似文献   

Comparison between real‐time 3‐dimensional and 2‐dimensional biplane echocardiographic assessment of left atrial volumes in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease     

Anna Tidholm  Anna Bodegrd‐Westling  Katja Hglund  Jens Hggstrm  Ingrid Ljungvall 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(2):455-461

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Comparison of acid–base and electrolyte changes following administration of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 in a saline and a polyionic solution in anaesthetized dogs     

Katja N. Adamik  Rafael Obrador  Judith Howard 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(3):260-268

Objective

To evaluate the effects of a 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.42) in either a buffered, electrolyte-balanced (HES-BAL) or saline (HES-SAL) carrier solution on electrolyte concentrations and acid–base parameters in healthy anaesthetized dogs.

Study design

Prospective randomised clinical study.

Animals

A group of 40 client-owned dogs undergoing general anaesthesia for elective surgical procedures or diagnostic imaging.

Methods

During anaesthesia, dogs were intravenously administered 15 mL kg^?1 of either HES-SAL (n = 20) or HES-BAL (n = 20) over 30–40 minutes. Jugular blood samples were analysed before (T₀) and 5 minutes (T₅), 1 hour (T₆₀) and 3 hours (T₁₈₀) after fluid administration. Sodium, potassium, chloride, ionised calcium, phosphate, albumin, pH, venous pCO₂, base excess (BE), bicarbonate and anion gap were determined and strong ion difference (SID) and total quantity of weak nonvolatile acids were calculated for each time point.

Results

Chloride was significantly increased at T₅, T₆₀ and T₁₈₀ compared with T₀ after HES-SAL, and was significantly greater after HES-SAL than after HES-BAL at T₅ (p = 0.042). Ionised calcium was significantly decreased at T₅ compared with T₀ after HES-SAL, and was significantly lower after HES-SAL than after HES-BAL at T₅ (p < 0.001). Bicarbonate was significantly lower after HES-SAL than after HES-BAL at T₅ (p = 0.004) and T₆₀ (p = 0.032). BE was significantly lower after HES-SAL than after HES-BAL at T₅ (p < 0.001) and T₆₀ (p = 0.007). SID was significantly decreased after HES-SAL at T₅ and T₆₀ compared with T₀, and was significantly lower after HES-SAL than after HES-BAL at T₅ (p = 0.027). Mean electrolyte and acid–base parameters remained within or marginally outside of reference intervals.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Changes in both groups were minor and short-lived with either fluid in healthy individuals, but might become clinically relevant with higher fluid doses or in critically ill dogs.  相似文献   

Retention-tree groups in clear-cuts: Do they constitute ‘life-boats’ for spiders and carabids?     

Katja Matveinen-Huju  Jari Niemel  Hannu Rita  Robert B. O&#x;Hara 《Forest Ecology and Management》2006,230(1-3):119-135

Green-tree retention aims at maintaining biodiversity while harvesting timber, but knowledge of its efficiency is still limited. Green-tree retention may function as a ‘life-boat’ for organisms, maintain structural features, or create stepping-stones in the harvested landscape. The aim of this study is to determine whether larger retention-tree groups established in clear-cuts maintain forest species better than smaller ones. We posed hypotheses for different habitat affinity groups of spiders and carabids, and tested them in Eastern Finland with 11 retention-tree groups, 0.09–0.55 ha in size (47–385 trees per tree group). Although some of the analysed species responded as expected, we did not find unambiguous support for the hypotheses that (1) species requiring forest and/or (medium-) moist habitat should be more abundant in larger retention-tree groups, (2) species requiring (semi-) open and/or (medium-) dry habitat should be more common in smaller retention-tree groups, and (3) species indifferent with respect to light intensity and moisture should be caught in equal numbers in all retention-tree groups irrespective of their size. However, the mean numbers of individuals of many forest species and/or species requiring (medium-) moist habitat decreased over the 3 years after logging in all retention-tree groups, whereas the mean numbers of many species of (semi-) open and/or (medium-) dry habitat increased over the 3 years after logging. Furthermore, species composition changed from the pre-treatment year for spiders. We conclude that green-tree retention is justified because (1) retention-tree groups tend to maintain some forest species, thereby mitigating the effects of clear-cutting, at least in the short term, (2) they provide dead wood, large old trees, and other structural features, and (3) there are gaps in our ecological knowledge that warrant the adoption of the precautionary principle. However, as there are economic costs associated with the establishment of retention-tree groups, their ecological benefits as compared to other approaches aimed at maintaining biodiversity should be assessed carefully.  相似文献   

Type III hemifacial microsomia in a kitten     

Talbot JJ  Voss K  Beatty J  Barrs VR 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2012,14(8):603-606

The case described herein presented with craniofacial malformations resembling hemifacial microsomia (HFM), a congenital disorder described in humans. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of HFM in a domestic cat.  相似文献   

The use of delayed gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage and T2 mapping to evaluate articular cartilage in the normal canine elbow     

Wucherer KL  Ober CP  Conzemius MG 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2012,53(1):57-63

Commonly used diagnostic tools used to evaluate articular cartilage lack the sensitivity, specificity, and objectivity to measure early changes associated with osteoarthritis. Two techniques using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have been developed to detect the biology of articular cartilage are delayed gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and T2 mapping. Both techniques have been validated and are used to study the degenerative and adaptive nature of articular cartilage in people. The use of these techniques as a diagnostic tool in dogs has not been well described. We evaluated articular cartilage in the region of the medial coronoid process (MCP) of six healthy dogs free of detectable orthopedic disease using both MR imaging techniques. Histology and proteoglycan (PG) content of the MCP were used to confirm normal articular cartilage. All dogs had ground reaction forces consistent with normal function. Mean dGEMRIC index (T1 value) was 400 +/- 47 ms and mean T2 value was 56 +/- 8 ms. Intra- and interobserver variability was low. dGEMRIC and T2 values for normal cartilage in the elbow of the dog can be generated reproducibly using 3T MR imaging. Using these techniques as objective outcome measures for clinical studies in dogs with OA conditions should help delineate the efficacy of some disease interventions.  相似文献