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31.
Aramaki Y Uechi M Takase K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(10):1115-1118
The feline cardiac and serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and chymase activities were determined and compared in dogs, and hamsters. In all three species, cardiac chymase activity exceeded ACE activity; however, there were some differences. In cats, left ventricular ACE and chymase activities (0.15 +/- 0.01 and 0.59 +/- 0.1 mU/mg-protein, respectively) were lower than in dogs (0.42 +/- 0.05: p<0.01 and 2.0 +/- 0.4 mU/mg-protein: p<0.01) and hamsters (0.93 +/- 0.06: p<0.001 and 2.1 +/- 0.2 mU/mg-protein: p<0.01); in contrast, serum ACE activities was higher in cats (12.7 +/- 1.0 mU/ml) than in dogs (5.9 +/- 0.6 mU/ml: p<0.001). The relative contribution of chymase (cats: 84.0 +/- 5.1%, dogs: 81.4 +/- 3.4%, and hamsters: 72.6 +/- 5.6 %) to ANG-II formation in the heart was greater than that of ACE in these animals (cats: 10.9 +/- 4.1%, dogs: 11.5 +/- 3.6%, and hamsters: 17.2 +/- 0.8%). These species-specific differences suggest that the efficacy of renin-angiotensin system modulating agents may differ among species. 相似文献
32.
Shiraishi M Ogawa H Ikeda M Kawashima S Ito K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(9):751-760
A serious symptom of cattle affected with Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is a bleeding tendency. This diathesis is characterized by insufficient platelet aggregation as a result of depressed response to collagen. One possible cause for the depression is a decrease in contribution of endogenous agonists such as ADP or thromboxane A(2), which are released following collagen stimulation. However, these endogenous agonists play only a minor role in collagen-induced aggregation of bovine platelets. More importantly, activation of phospholipase C as a result of a direct action of collagen is depressed, leading to a depression of Ca(2+) mobilization, in platelets from CHS-affected cattle. Several types of collagen receptor are proposed to work in concert to induce aggregation. Among them, glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and GPIa/IIa (integrin alpha2 beta1) have been supposed to play dominant roles in collagen-induced aggregation. However, there are arguments about the role of each receptor, especially the role of GPIa/IIa, and the crosstalk between receptors. Recently, we reported that the Ca(2+) signaling produced by rhodocytin, which had been first reported to be an agonist for the collagen receptor GPIa/IIa, produced much less Ca(2+) signaling in CHS platelets than in normal ones, whereas that produced by GPVI activators was normal. These suggest that GPIa/IIa or the rhodocytin-associated pathway is impaired in CHS platelets. CHS platelets are valuable to reassess the mechanism of collagen-dependent signal transduction system and to delineate the inter-relationship among collagen receptors. 相似文献
33.
Emilio?Maruyama Yoshihisa?Hosoi Katsuaki?IshiiEmail author 《Journal of Forest Research》2002,7(1):23-34
Somatic embryogenesis inChamaecyparis pisifera was initiated from immature seeds collected from the end of June to early July. We obtained initiation frequencies ranging
from 12.5 to 33.3% using whole seed explants in liquid media. Embryogenic cultures were maintained and proliferated for more
than a year in solid and liquid media. High maturation frequencies of ‘high quality’ embryos were obtained on maturation media
containing abscisic acid (ABA), activated charcoal (AC), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as osmotic agent. More than one thousand
cotyledonary embryos on average per 100 mg initial fresh weight of embryogenic cells were attained on medium containing 100μM ABA, 2 gL−1 AC, and 150 gL−1 PEG. About 97% germination frequencies and 92% plant conversion rates were achieved without any pretreatment. Growing of
plants regenerated from somatic embryos has been monitored in the field. Furthermore, a procedure for culture of protoplasts
isolated from embryonal masses was also described.
This work was supported in part by the Japan Science and Technology Corporation and in part by a Grant for Research for the
Future Program from the Japan Society for Promotion of Science. 相似文献
34.
Nakaichi M Itamoto K Hasegawa K Morimoto M Hayashi T Une S Taura Y Tanaka K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(1):65-67
Three dogs had a diagnosis of maxillofacial rhabdomyosarcoma. These dogs were treated with surgery and/or radiotherapy, and had poor clinical responses. The tumor tissues in all three cases were observed around the upper premolar teeth with ulcerative lesions and CT examinations in each case revealed extensive bony involvement into the maxilla. Two cases were subjected to surgical excision of the tissues, followed by an external radiation therapy. The other case was only treated with palliative radiation. Outcomes of the treatment of all the cases were quite poor because of the invasive and refractory nature of the tumor cells, leading to the local recurrence and lung metastasis early in the clinical course. All dogs died within two months of the first admission. 相似文献
35.
Reiko ABE Kyoko FUJIMOTO Yuko ENDO Katsuaki SUGIURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(12):1826
The sales amount of antimicrobials intended for use in dairy cattle, beef cattle and broilers from 2008 to 2019 was evaluated for each antimicrobial class and administration route using dosage-based indicators. Our results revealed that the antimicrobial sales amount sold for use in dairy cattle in 2019 in terms of total weight of active ingredient, the number of defined daily doses (DDDs) (theoretical amount of biomass subjected to antimicrobial treatment in a year) and the number of treatment days (TDs) (theoretical number of days of treatment that an animal is subjected to in a year) calculated using Japanese DDD values (DDDjp values) was 36,751 kg, 8,261,848,000 kg·days and 15.5 days, respectively. Likewise, the antimicrobial sales amount sold for use in beef cattle and broilers in 2019 in terms of these metrics was 33,403 kg, 3,928,248,000 kg·days and 3.61 days, and 69,773 kg, 2,947,848,000 kg·days and 10.66 days, respectively. There was a considerable difference between the number of DDDs calculated using DDDjp values and that calculated using European DDD values (DDDvet values) for antimicrobial products sold for use in dairy and beef cattle. Our results also revealed that the sales amount of some antimicrobials, such as cephalosporins and quinolones represented larger proportions when calculated using dosage-based indicators than when calculated using the weight of active ingredient. Considering that Japanese veterinarians and farmers are more likely to conform to the Japanese dosage recommendations rather than the European ones, these results indicate the need for using dosage-based metrics, in particular metrics based on Japanese dosages rather than European dosages. 相似文献
36.
Feeding behavior and food consumption of Japanese whelk, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Buccinum isaotakii</Emphasis> (Neogastropoda: Buccinidae) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Anthony?S.?Ilano Richard?Marcelo?T.?Miranda Katsuaki?Fujinaga Shigeru?NakaoEmail author 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(2):342-349
Abilities of detection and preference of food by a Japanese whelk, Buccinum isaotakii, were investigated under laboratory conditions. Consumption per food item and the corresponding assimilation efficiency were
also de termined. Whelks were more sensitive to fresh foods than boiled foods, detecting them in a short period of time varying
between 3.8 (±0.8) and 23.1 (±3.1) minutes. B. isaotakii preferred fish, polychate and bivalves and the time spent on these foods was more than 10 min as compared with those of shrimp
(2.0 min) and squid (1.0 min). The highest daily consumption rate was observed on sardine, followed by scallop, polychaete
and oyster. The relationship between shell length and consumption of different food items was positive. The coefficients of
determination were relatively high for sardine, scallop, polychaete and oyster (r
2, between 0.46 and 0.51) but not for clam, mussel shrimp and squid (r
2, between 0.003 and 0.176), suggesting that the former could be predators of consumption for B. isaotakii. Observed were relatively high assimilation efficiencies on sardine, scallop, polychaete, and oyster, ranging from 30 to
70%. The present results are the intial information pertaining to the feeding biology of this whelk, thus, in-depth studies
like an energy budget are recommended to deepen the understanding about seed production and resource management. 相似文献
37.
Sugiura K 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2006,75(3-4):163-176
Immediately after the detection of the first case of BSE in 2001, the Japanese government introduced active surveillance targeting fallen-stock and all cattle slaughtered for human consumption. By the end of 2004, four million animals were tested with rapid tests under the passive and active surveillance. As a result 13 additional cases were detected. I focused on the 1996 birth cohort, in which nine cases of BSE were detected during 2001–2004, and estimated the prevalence of BSE infection of that birth cohort using maximum-likelihood methods. Using the estimated prevalence of infection as an input variable, I calculated the adjusted incidence risk of BSE by different ages and risk subpopulations (clinical-suspects, fallen-stock, sick-slaughter and healthy-slaughter animals). The adjusted incidence risk of BSE in sick-slaughter animals (animals showing clinical signs not compatible with BSE when slaughtered for human consumption) was 18.7 and 4.5–78.4 times higher than the incidence risk in fallen-stock and healthy-slaughter animals, respectively. 相似文献
38.
Toru Taniguchi Ken-ichi Konagaya Manabu Kurita Naoki Takata Katsuaki Ishii Teiji Kondo Fumiaki Funahashi Seiichi Ohta Tomomi Kaku Kei’ichi Baba Rumi Kaida Takahisa Hayashi 《Journal of Wood Science》2012,58(6):550-556
Xyloglucan is thought to be a key hemicellulose cross-linking adjacent cellulose microfibrils in plant cell walls. The growth traits of transgenic poplars (Populus alba) with decreased xyloglucan from overexpression of Aspergillus aculeatus xyloglucanase were characterized during a 4-year field trial. The field-trial site consisted of two blocks, a fertile soil block and a non-fertile soil block, determined by soil analysis. In the fertile block, the growth of aboveground biomass of the transgenic poplars was reduced to 24?C44?% compared to that of wild-type poplars, in contrast to the growth seen in chamber and greenhouse conditions. In the non-fertile block, the aboveground biomass of transgenic poplars was also smaller than that of the wild-type poplars. Because poplars reproduce asexually by root suckers, we also compared the formation of root suckers from transgenic and wild-type poplars. Root suckers formed less frequently from transgenic poplars than from wild-type poplars. The growth rates of root suckers from transgenic poplars were also slower than those from wild-type poplars. The results showed that constitutive degradation of xyloglucan impairs poplar growth and vegetative reproduction ability. 相似文献
39.
40.
Analysis of [l4C]respiratory Quinones synthesized in soil for 6 h after spiking with [U-14C]glucose, [U-l4C]glycine, and [1,2-l4C]acetate enabled to fingerprint the microorganisms metabolizing each substrate in soil and to determine the whole structure of the microbial communities at the same time. The [l4C]- Quinones synthesized from [U-l4C] glucose were the same as those from [U-l4C] gIycinc in soil, suggesting that the same microbial groups metabolized glucose and glycine under the given conditions. No [l4C]quinones from [1,2- 14C] acetate were detected in soil, indicating that the metabolism of acetate by microorganisms is negligible. The profiles of [l4C]quinones from [U-l4C]- glucose were compared between Nagoya University Farm soils subjected to 4 different fertilizing practices. The soils receiving farmyard manure contained [l4C]menaquinones with highly hydrated isoprenoid units, which indicated the presence of Actinobacteria metabolizing glucose. The soil receiving only chemical fertilizers contained [14C]ubiquinone with 8 isoprenoid units (Q-8), indicating the presence of beta and gamma subdivisions of Proteobacteria. All the 4 soils were characterized by the high proportions of [14C] MK-6 and a mixture of [l4C]MK-8(H4) and [l4C]MK-9. The Q-9 and Q-10(H2) indicators of fungi, were not labeled under most of the conditions. 相似文献