生物添加剂对苜蓿青贮发酵品质的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

庄益芬  安宅一夫  张文昌 《中国草地学报》2009,31(1)

为探明生物添加剂对苜蓿青贮发酵品质的影响,在第二茬和第三茬各2种含水率(高、低)的苜蓿中分别添加苜蓿绿汁发酵液(AFGJ)、猫尾草绿汁发酵液(TFGJ)、乳酸菌制剂(LAB)、纤维素酶(CEL)及LAB+CEI,(MIX)制作青贮.常温下贮存50d开封,测定青贮的发酵品质.结果表明:AFGJ和TFGJ对第二茬低含水率青贮和第三茬的2种含水率青贮、LAB、CEL和MIX对2茬各2种含水率苜蓿青贮的发酵品质均有显著的添加效果;在第二茬高含水率青贮中,CEL和MIX的添加效果最显著,在第二茬低含水率青贮中,MIX的添加效果最佳;在第三茬高含水率青贮中AFGJ和TFGJ的添加效果最显著,在第三茬低含水率青贮中TFGJ、AFGJ、LAB和MIX组的品质相近,优于CEL和CON组;青贮的发酵品质,第三茬优于第二茬;同茬同添加处理的高、低含水率青贮相比,第三茬青贮中的AFGJ组及TFGJ组相近,其他组均以低含水率青贮为优.  相似文献   

Protease in sturgeon sperm and the effects of protease inhibitors on sperm motility and velocity     

Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi  Pavla Postlerová-Maňásková  Azadeh Hatef  Martin Pšenička  Jana Pěknicová  Kazuo Inaba  Andrzej Ciereszko  Otomar Linhart 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(5):1393-1398

In mammals, proteases are present in sperm acrosome and play key role in fertilization. Sturgeon sperm has an acrosome, but its physiology, biochemistry, and potential role in fertilization are unknown. In the present study, we have observed high protease activity in acidic extract of intact sperm compared to that of seminal plasma in sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus). The protease activity was decreased and increased in acidic extract of motility-activated sperm and in the activation medium, respectively. Molecular analysis revealed total protease and serine (acrosin) protease activities in sperm acidic extract which was accumulated in a protein band with relative molecular mass of 35 kDa. Immunoelectron microscopy using an affinity-purified polyclonal antibody for boar acrosin localized the protease at the acrosome region. Moreover, initiation of sperm motility was inhibited after activation in the presence of inhibitors for both trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like proteases, while the effects of protease inhibitors on sperm velocity were uncertain. Our results indicate similarities in physiology and biochemistry of acrosome between sturgeon and mammals and suggest potential role of protease in the initiation of sperm motility in sturgeon.  相似文献   

Effects of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS) lung lesion‐selected Landrace pigs on MPS resistance and immune competence in three‐way crossbred pigs          下载免费PDF全文

Liushiqi Borjigin  Tomoyuki Shimazu  Yuki Katayama  Kouichi Watanabe  Haruki Kitazawa  Sang‐gun Roh  Hisashi Aso  Kazuo Katoh  Masahiro Satoh  Yoshihito Suda  Akiko Sakuma  Mituru Nakajo  Keiichi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(4):575-585

To clarify the genetic influence of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS) lesion‐selected Landrace (La) on MPS resistance and immune characteristics in three‐way crossbred pigs (LaWaDa), the LaWaDa pigs were compared with the non‐selected crossbred (LbWbDb) and purebred (La) pigs. The MPS lesion score in the three lines was as follows: La line < LaWaDa line < LbWbDb line, with significant differences among the lines. The proportions of myeloid cells and T cells were lower and higher, respectively, in the LaWaDa pigs compared with those in the other two lines. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐10, transforming growth factor‐β, and interferon‐γ in peripheral blood was significantly increased after vaccination in the La and LaWaDa lines. IL‐4 mRNA expression in the LaWaDa line was intermediate to the La and LbWbDb lines. Furthermore, principal component analysis for immune traits and MPS lesions was executed to clarify the characteristics of each pig line. These findings suggest that the immune responses in the three pig lines are genetically distinct and that MPS resistance and some immunity characteristics from the La line were transmitted to the three‐way crossbred pigs.  相似文献   

Genetic parameter estimation for number born alive at different parities in Landrace and Large White pigs     

Shinichiro Ogawa  Ayane Konta  Makoto Kimata  Kazuo Ishii  Yoshinobu Uemoto  Masahiro Satoh 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(9):1111-1119

We estimated genetic parameters for number born alive (NBA) from the first to the seventh parities in Landrace and Large White pigs using three models. Analyzing 55,160 farrowing records for 12,677 Landrace dams and 43,839 for 10,405 Large White dams, we used a single‐trait animal model to estimate the heritability of NBA at each parity and a two‐trait animal model and a single‐trait random regression model to estimate the genetic correlations between parities. Heritability estimates of NBA at each parity ranged from 0.08 to 0.13 for Landrace and from 0.05 to 0.16 for Large White. Estimated genetic correlations between parities in all cases were positive. Genetic correlations between the first and second parities were slightly lower than those between other neighboring parities. Genetic correlations between more distant parities tended to be lower, in some cases <0.8. The results indicate the necessity to investigate the applicability of evaluating NBA at different parities as different traits (e.g., the first and later parities), although a repeatability model might still be reasonable.  相似文献   

Correlations between mitochondrial respiration activity and residual feed intake after divergent genetic selection for high‐ and low‐ oxygen consumption in mice     

Hongyu Darhan  Atsushi Zoda  Motoi Kikusato  Masaaki Toyomizu  Kazuo Katoh  Sang‐gun Roh  Shinichiro Ogawa  Yoshinobu Uemoto  Masahiro Satoh  Keiichi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(7):818-826

The aims of the present study were to identify the differences between two mouse lines (high (H)‐ and low (L)‐oxygen consumption) in terms of mitochondrial respiratory activity when GMP (glutamate, malate, and pyruvate) and succinic acid are used as substrates and to examine the relationship between mitochondrial respiration activity and feed efficiency in both lines. The average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and residual feed intake (RFI) were significantly higher in the H than the L line. The correlation between FCR and RFI was significant (r = 0.60, p < 0.05). RFI was effective as an indicator of feed efficiency. When succinic acid was used as a substrate, mitochondrial respiration states 2–4, ACR, and proton leak were significantly higher in the H than the L line. When GMP was used as a substrate, respiration states 3 and 4 in the H line were significantly higher than those in the L line, and there were significant positive correlations between FCR and RFI and mitochondrial respiration states 2–4. The results indicated that selection for high or low OC changed the basal metabolic rates estimated from liver mitochondrial respiration activity and feed efficiency.  相似文献