Evaluation of 'quick and dirty' DNA extraction methods for marker-assisted selection in rice (Oryza sativa L.)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

B. C. Y. Collard    A. Das    P. S. Virk    D. J. Mackill 《Plant Breeding》2007,126(1):47-50

Six simple methods for extracting DNA from rice seedlings were evaluated for marker‐assisted selection (MAS). The assessment of each method was based on PCR amplification of SSR markers, DNA yield and purity, time and cost. Based on these criteria, two methods were selected as being superior to other methods. The best two methods included the standard method developed at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), which utilizes a sodium dodecyl sulfate extraction buffer followed by chloroform/isoamyl alcohol extraction and a previously published method using sodium hydroxide and Tris. These two methods produced nearly identical PCR amplification results. The sodium hydroxide method is considerably simpler, quicker and cheaper than the standard IRRI method, and may be particularly useful for many applications of MAS or high‐resolution mapping. This method was also adapted into an effective high throughput method utilizing 96‐well plates emphasizing its versatility.  相似文献   

Leaf yield component combining abilities in mulberry (Morus spp.)     

K. Vijayan  S. Chauhan  N.K. Das  S.P. Chakraborti  B.N. Roy 《Euphytica》1997,98(1-2):47-52

A line × tester analysis was carried out in mulberry (Morus spp.) to determine the genetic interaction in the expression of various quantitative characters including leaf yield. Eight clonal varieties were selected, 3 of them were designated as lines (♀) viz. Berhampore-1, China white and MS-5 and 5 of them were called as testers (♂) viz. Mandalaya, Kosen, Assamjati, MS-1 and Kajli. Combining ability studies were conducted on these parents along with their F₁ hybrids for the variables laminar index, growth rate, weight of 100 dry leaves, number of primary branches per plant, plant height, nodal distance, leaf-twig ratio, aerial biomass, moisture content, moisture retention capacity and leaf yield. Broad genetic variability was observed among the genotypes. The ratio of General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) indicated the predominance of non-additive genes in mulberry. While China white (female) and MS-1 (male) were the best general combiners among the parents, Berhampore-1 × Kajli was the best cross for leaf yield. Results suggest that selective crossing followed by proper screening may be the best approach for breeding of high yielding varieties in mulberry. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Book presentation     

Krishna R. Reddy 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2003,3(1):28-28

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Impact of Air Pollutant Emissions on the Ecosystems in the Vicinity of Industrial Areas of Indian Sub-Tropics     

A. M. Puste  D. K. Das 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):843-848

An investigation was conducted near the industrial areas of West Bengal, Indian subtropics to study the effect of emissions through various factories and thermal power plants on the quality of water in lakes, tanks, ponds, even well waters in relation to its use in the welfare of the society (agricultural use, psciculture and other domestic uses). The results showed that intensity of acidity (water pH) as well as concentration of various soluble salts and BOD and COD in the vicinity of an industrial area (i.e. within 100 metres) were very low. A substantially higher acidity and ion concentration were recorded up to 1 km away from industry, where the growth of aquatic plants, organisms and the production of fish (in lakes and tanks) were severely affected. The results further indicated that the acidity of water gradually increases up to pH 5.4 and concentration of sulphates and chlorides (880 and 570 mg 1^?1 respectively) between 1–2 km from the industriy, suggesting that aquatic ecosystems and domestic, agricultural and fish production are less affected with increasing distance from industry.  相似文献   

Direct and Residual Effects of Fly Ash-Based Integrated Fertilization on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Rapeseed (Brassica camprestris L.)     

K. N. Das  D. K. Patgiri  A. Basumatari  K. Das  A. Sharma 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(6):679-691

Integrated effects of fly ash (FA), farmyard manure (FYM), and chemical fertilizers recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) on the performance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and their residual effect on rapeseed (Brassica camprestris L. vartoria) were studied for two years in loamy acidic inceptisol of Assam, India.

The FA was generated from a bituminous and lignite coal-based captive thermal power plant of Hindustan Paper Corporation Ltd (HPCL), Assam. Rice yields were higher when FA, FYM, and RDF were used collectively vis-à-vis sole application of RDF reflected also in rapeseed under residual effect . FA effect on mean rice equivalent yield of the rice–rapeseed system was the highest (24.4%) under integrated application. Nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd) contents in rice decreased with increasing FA, while arsenic (As) was just the opposite. Integration of FA, FYM, and RDF was effective in lowering Ni, Cd, and As in rice compared to 100% RDF alone or together with FA. The residual effect on rapeseed was similar for Ni and As while the Cd content increased. Blending of FA, FYM, and RDF also positively altered the residual soil pH, organic carbon (C), and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK). Thus, FA can be an integral component of integrated plant nutrition system (IPNS) in augmenting crop yield and residual benefits in loamy acid inceptisol.  相似文献   

Inhibition of peroxynitrite-mediated reactions by vanillin     

Kumar SS  Priyadarsini KI  Sainis KB 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(1):139-145

Several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzeimer's and Parkinson's as well as septic shock and inflammation involve formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that include peroxynitrite (PON). PON can also react with endogenous antioxidants. Therefore, dietary supplementation with antioxidants may help in these diseases. An exogenous antioxidant, vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde), used widely as a food flavoring agent, was evaluated for its ability to scavenge PON and inhibit PON-mediated reactions. Nitration of tyrosine by PON was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This reaction was inhibited by vanillin. The oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123 to fluorescent rhodamine 123 was also inhibited by vanillin. The kinetics of reaction between PON and vanillin was studied by stopped-flow technique. The products of this reaction were analyzed by HPLC, and hydroxyvanillin was identified as one of the five products with absorption at 350 nm. These data demonstrate that vanillin effectively scavenges PON in cell-free systems.  相似文献   

Can conservation tillage and residue management enhance energy use efficiency and sustainability of rice-pea system in the Eastern Himalayas?     

Anup Das  Savita Basavaraj  Jayanta Layek  Ramkrushna Gandhiji Idapuganti  Rattan Lal  Krishnappa Rangappa 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2020,66(6):830-846

ABSTRACT

Low productivity and energy use efficiency (EUE) of rice farming are the major concerns for agricultural sustainability in the Eastern Himalayan region of India. A field experiment on rice (Oryza sativa L.)-pea (Pisum sativum L) system was conducted for three consecutive years during 2012–15 in lowland ecosystem to assess the direct and residual impact of tillage and residue management (RM) practises on productivity and sustainability. Significantly higher grain yield of rice was achieved under no-till (NT) than minimum tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT). Among RM practises, 50% NPK + green leaf manure, 50% NPK + weed biomass and 50% NPK + in-situ residue retention recorded significantly higher mean grain yields than application of 50% NPK and 100% NPK without residues. Residual effect of MT in preceding rice gave significantly higher green pod yield of succeeding pea than NT and CT. The system EUE was significantly higher under MT (rice)-NT (pea) compared to those of NT-NT and CT-NT systems. The sustainable yield index of rice and pea was maximum under MT-NT followed by NT-NT. Thus, NT/MT with suitable RM practises is a pertinent strategy for sustainable productivity of rice-pea system in the Eastern Himalayas and in similar adjoining regions.  相似文献   

Thin layer chromatographic identification and quantitation of niacin and niacinamide in pharmaceutical preparations     

B Sarangi  S K Chatterjee  K Dutta  S K Das 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1985,68(3):547-548

A safe and simple thin layer chromatographic method has been developed for the estimation of niacin and niacinamide in pharmaceutical preparations containing other vitamins, enzymes, herbs, antiamoebic drugs, etc. The method involves removal of excipients from the preparation by ethanol precipitation and isolation of niacin or niacinamide from other ingredients by TLC on silica gel with water as developing solvent, followed by extraction in 0.1N HCl, and spectrophotometric estimation of the vitamin at 262 nm. The percent recoveries for niacin and niacinamide were 100.1 +/- 1.9 and 100.2 +/- 1.5, respectively.  相似文献   

Metabolism of metamitron in goat following a single oral administration of a nontoxic dose level: a continued study     

Chanda D  Debnath SC  Das SK  Mandal TK  Bhattacharyya A  Choudhury A  Chakraborty AK 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(24):7377-7381

Disposition kinetic behavior and metabolism studies of metamitron and its metabolite in terms of the parent compound were carried out in black Bengal goats after a single oral administration of a nontoxic oral dose at 30 mg kg(-1) of body weight. Metamitron was detected in the blood sample at 5 min (2.23 +/- 0.04 microg mL(-1)), maximum at 1 h (3.43 +/- 0.02 microg mL(-1)) and minimum at 12 h (0.41 +/- 0.01 microg mL(-1)), after a single oral administration. Metabolite [3-methyl-6-phenyl-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] in terms of the parent compound was detected in the blood sample at 5 min (0.47 +/- 0.006 microg mL(-1)), maximum at 6 h (5.12 +/- 0.02 microg mL(-1)) and minimum at 96 h (1.06 +/- 0.016 microg mL(-1)), after a single oral administration. The t(1/2 K) and Cl(B) values of metamitron were 3.63 +/- 0.05 h and 1.36 +/- 0.016 L kg(-1) h(-1), respectively, whereas the t(1/2K)(m) and Cl(B)(m) values of the metabolite were 38.15 +/- 0.37 h and 0.091 +/- 0.001 L kg(-1) h(-1), respectively, which suggested long persistence of the metabolite in blood and tissues of goat. Metamitron was excreted through feces and urine for up to 48 and 72 h, whereas the metabolite was excreted for up to 168 and 144 h, respectively. Metabolite alone contributed to 96 and 67% of combined recovery percentage of metamitron and metabolite against the administered dose in feces and urine of goat, respectively. All of the goat tissues except lung, adrenal gland, ovary, testis, and mammary gland retained the metabolite residue for up to 6 days after administration.  相似文献   

The contribution of competition to tree mortality in old-growth coniferous forests   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Adrian Das  John Battles 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,261(7):1203-1213

Competition is a well-documented contributor to tree mortality in temperate forests, with numerous studies documenting a relationship between tree death and the competitive environment. Models frequently rely on competition as the only non-random mechanism affecting tree mortality. However, for mature forests, competition may cease to be the primary driver of mortality.We use a large, long-term dataset to study the importance of competition in determining tree mortality in old-growth forests on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada of California, U.S.A. We make use of the comparative spatial configuration of dead and live trees, changes in tree spatial pattern through time, and field assessments of contributors to an individual tree's death to quantify competitive effects.Competition was apparently a significant contributor to tree mortality in these forests. Trees that died tended to be in more competitive environments than trees that survived, and suppression frequently appeared as a factor contributing to mortality. On the other hand, based on spatial pattern analyses, only three of 14 plots demonstrated compelling evidence that competition was dominating mortality. Most of the rest of the plots fell within the expectation for random mortality, and three fit neither the random nor the competition model. These results suggest that while competition is often playing a significant role in tree mortality processes in these forests it only infrequently governs those processes. In addition, the field assessments indicated a substantial presence of biotic mortality agents in trees that died.While competition is almost certainly important, demographics in these forests cannot accurately be characterized without a better grasp of other mortality processes. In particular, we likely need a better understanding of biotic agents and their interactions with one another and with competition.  相似文献