Intestinal distribution and excretion of sesaminol and its tetrahydrofuranoid metabolites in rats     

Jan KC  Ku KL  Chu YH  Hwang LS  Ho CT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(7):3078-3086

Sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) are unique because of potent and various physiological activities imparted by their bioactive lignans. This investigation studied the intestinal distribution and excretion of sesaminol in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. To investigate the distribution of sesaminol (per oral 220 mg/kg), the changes in concentration of sesaminol and its metabolites were determined in the intestines and plasma within the 24 h period after tube feeding of sesaminol to SD rats. Results show that the epimerization of sesaminol appeared to be catalyzed by acid in the simulated gastric fluids. The major sesaminol epimer was characterized as 2-episesaminol using 2D-NMR. These findings indicate that sesame sesaminol and its epimer are poorly absorbed prior to reaching the rectum and that substantial amounts pass from the small to the large intestine, where they are metabolized by the colonic microflora to tetrahydrofuranoid metabolites. Sesaminol in plasma was largely present as phase II conjugates, and the seven metabolites were detected as the 2-episesaminol, sesaminol-6-catechol, methylated sesaminol-catechol, R,R-hydroxymethylsesaminol-tetrahydrofuran, S,R-hydroxymethylsesaminol-tetrahydrofuran, enterolactone, and enterodiol. Excretions of sesaminol in urine and feces within the 24 h period were equivalent to 0.02 and 9.33% of the amount ingested, respectively.  相似文献   

The Rhagidiidae (Acari: Prostigmata) in NW Lapland: Could their assemblages be climate warming monitors related to environmental and habitat patterns?     

Miloslav Zacharda  Tomáš Kučera 《Pedobiologia》2011,54(1):1-8

Fifteen species of Palearctic and Holarctic Rhagidiidae inhabit the polar Fennoscandian mountain birch forest and tundra, but additional taxa are expected to be discovered. Their assemblages comprise 5–10 species. Of these, Rhagidia gigas, R. diversicolor and Poecilophysis pratensis are the most abundant and widely distributed in the forested subalpine (480–600 m a.s.l.) and transitional (500–650 m a.s.l.) altitudinal zones while Poecilophysis pseudoreflexa and Rhagidia longiseta are found in the low-(600–800 m a.s.l.) and mid-(800–960 m a.s.l.), and Rhagidia parvilobata in the high alpine (960–1025 m a.s.l.) zones. Ten species of the rhagidiid mites are common in the Fennoscandian tundra as well as the alpine tundra of the Ötztal Alps, North Tyrol. Patterns of richness and diversity in this group of mites are different in different altitudinal zones in NW Lapland and the Ötztal Alps. In contrast to the Alps, no endemic species were detected in Fennoscandia. The different altitudinal niches of most common mite species overlap, but some species of mites in the subalpine forest and the high alpine zone are altitudinal vegetation belt-specific and occupy different niches. Some species of mites are rare in all altitudinal vegetation belts.Rhagidia diversicolor, R. gigas, Poecilophysis pratensis and P. pseudoreflexa exhibited sufficient abundance, habitat and elevational specificity to be useful as indicator species of the subalpine to transitional as well as the low alpine to middle alpine altitudinal zones, respectively. Rhagidia parvilobata and Poecilophysis saxonica are indicators of the high alpine zone. Abundant species from the low subalpine forested zone as well as the high alpine zone are proposed as potential monitors for direct and indirect impact of climate warming. Summit mite invaders detecting current impact of climate warming were not discovered in the high alpine zone of the Fennoscandian oroboreal tundra.  相似文献   

Serological survey for bovine immunodeficiency virus in dairy cattle from Poland     

Rola-Łuszczak M  Kozaczyńska B  Kuźmak J 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2011,14(4):579-583

A seroprevalence study of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) was undertaken on 1,541 serum samples from Holstein cattle from 23 herds, located in different geographical regions of Poland. The analysis was performed using ELISA, with recombinant Gag protein of BIV as antigen. The average BIV prevalence was 4.9% in individual cattle, while the percentage of herds harboring at least one seropositive animal, was 82.6%. To demonstrate the correlation of BIV and bovine leukemia virus infection, all sera were analysed for BLV antibodies and there was only a slight association between both infections. Overall, these results show that BIV infection is present in dairy cattle in Poland at a prevalence rate found in other European countries.  相似文献   

Diversity of S-alk(en)yl cysteine sulphoxide content within a collection of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its association with the morphological and genetic background assessed by AFLP     

Jaroslava Ovesná  Ladislav Kučera  Jana Horníčková  Leona Svobodová  Helena Stavělíková  Jan Velíšek  Luigi Milella 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

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不同硒水平对生长育肥猪血液生化指标的影响   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

张巧娥  顾亚玲  杨库  崔慰贤  姚爱兴 《畜牧与兽医》2003,35(10):16-19

试验研究了宁夏常用饲料中不同硒水平对生长育肥猪血液生化指标的影响。结果表明 :(1 )谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH PX)活性随饲粮硒水平的增加 ,呈现下降 上升 下降的动态变化趋势。谷胱甘肽硫转移酶可反映缺硒的程度。 (2 )缺硒组仔猪血硒含量和全血中GSH PX均处于缺硒边缘状态 ,在临界值以下 ,不能满足仔猪的代谢需要。 (3)随饲粮硒水平的逐渐增加 ,猪瘟的抗体水平和淋巴细胞转化率明显升高 ,以饲粮中添加硒 0 45mg/kg时达到最高 ,仔猪发病率最低  相似文献   

Effects of cover crops on soil hydraulic properties during commodity crop growing season     

Samuel I. Haruna  Edwin Ritchey  Chaney Mosley  Seockmo Ku 《Soil Use and Management》2023,39(1):218-231

Cover crops (CCs) can improve soil hydraulic properties prior to termination, but their effects on soil hydraulic properties during the growing season are less known. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of no-till CC on the soil hydraulic properties during the commodity crop growing season in Murfreesboro, USA. The CCs included hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), winter peas (Lathyrus hirsutus L.), oats (Avena sativa), triticale (Triticale hexaploide Lart.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). The cash crop grown was corn (Zea mays). Soil samples were collected using a cylindrical core (55 mm inside diameter, 60 mm long) at 0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm depths during April (prior to CC termination), May, June and July. Results showed that soil bulk density (Db) was 23%, 12%, 11% and 10% higher under no cover crop (NCC) compared with CC management during April – July, respectively. This suggests a lower rate of soil consolidation under CC management even after several rainfall events. Four months after CC termination, macroporosity and total porosity were 306 and 50% higher, respectively, under CC compared with NCC management. Therefore, saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_sat) during July was two times higher under CC management compared with NCC management and this can affect increase water infiltration and conservation during the growing season. Due to CC root-induced improvement in macroporosity, CCs had 64% higher volumetric water content (θ) at saturation during July compared with NCC management. Cover crops can improve soil hydraulic properties and these benefits can persist for up to four months after termination.  相似文献   

Bioactive Compounds,Antioxidant and Binding Activities and Spear Yield of Asparagus officinalis L.     

Jong Won Lee  Jeong Hyun Lee  In Ho Yu  Shela Gorinstein  Jong Hyang Bae  Yang Gyu Ku 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(2):175-181

The aim of this investigation was to find a proper harvesting period and establishing fern number, which effects the spear yield, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of Asparagus officinalis L. Spears were harvested at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after sprouting. Control for comparison was used without harvest. Spears and total yield increased with prolonged spear harvest period. In harvest of 6 weeks long optimum spear yield was the highest and fern numbers were 5?~?8. Bioactive compounds (polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanols, tannins and ascorbic acid) and the levels of antioxidant activities by ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays in asparagus ethanol extracts significantly differed in the investigated samples and were the highest at 6 weeks harvest period (P?<?0.05). The first and the second segments from the tip significantly increased with the increase of catalase (CAT). It was interesting to investigate in vitro how human serum albumin (HSA) interacts with polyphenols extracted from investigated vegetables. Therefore the functional properties of asparagus were studied by the interaction of polyphenol ethanol extracts with HSA, using 3D- FL. In conclusion, antioxidant status (bioactive compounds, binding and antioxidant activities) improved with the harvesting period and the first segment from spear tip. Appropriate harvesting is effective for higher asparagus yield and its bioactivity.  相似文献   

Disease resistance in the genusAegilops L. — stem rust,leaf rust,stripe rust,and powdery mildew     

Jan Valkoun  Karl Hammer  Dagmar Kučerová  Pavel Bartoš 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1985,33(2):133-153

Summary Resistance of the GaterslebenAegilops collection was studied in relation to the following wheat diseases: stem rust(Puccinia graminis), leaf rust(Puccinia recondita), stripe rust(Puccinia striiformis) and powdery mildew(Erysiphe graminis). Numerous sources of complete, combined or single resistance have been detected in 487 accessions of 21Aegilops species. Potential donors of the complete resistance have been found in diploidAe. speltoides, Ae. longissima ssp.sharonensis, Ae. mark-grafii and tetraploidAe. geniculata. Methods of a transfer of resistance genes from particularAegilops species to the common wheat,Triticum aestivum, are discussed.

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Krankheitsresistenz in der GattungAegilops L. — Schwarzrost, Braunrost, Gelbrost und Mehltau

Zusammenfassung Die GaterslebenerAegilops-Kollektion wurde auf Resistenz gegen folgende Weizen-Krankheiten untersucht: Schwarzrost(Puccinia graminis), Braunrost(Puccinia recondita), Gelbrost(Puccinia striiformis) und Mehltau(Erysiphe graminis). Zahlreiche Quellen für Resistenz gegenüber einzelnen Krankheiten, kombinierte Resistenz und auch vollständige Resistenz gegenüber allen Erregern konnten unter den 487 Sortimentsnummern aus 21Aegilops-Arten gefunden werden. Potentielle Donoren mit vollständiger Resistenz wurden bei den diploiden SippenAe. speltoides, Ae. longissima ssp.sharonensis undAe. markgrafii sowie bei der tetraploidenAe. geniculata nachgewiesen. Methoden zur Übertragung der Resistenzgene von den einzelnenAegilops-Arten auf den Weizen,Triticum aestivum, werden diskutiert.

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Aegilops L. —

Aegilops :Puccinia graminis, P. recondita, P. striiformis, Erysiphe graminis. , , 487 21 Aegilops. , Ae. speltoides, Ae. longissima ssp.sharonensis, Ae. markgrafii Ae. geniculata. Aegilops Triticum aestivum.

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The Adsorption of Fluoride Ion from Aqueous Solution by Activated Alumina   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Young Ku  Hwei-Mei Chiou 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2002,133(1-4):349-361

The adsorption of fluoride ion in aqueous solution by using alumina was studied in this research. The experimental resultsindicated that the removal efficiency was influenced significantly by solution pH and the optimum operating pH wasfound to be in the range of 5 to 7. For neutral and acidic solutions, the adsorption capacities of fluoride by alumina wasinterfered by the presence of sulfate. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms can well describe the equilibrium behaviorsof the adsorption processes. The experimentally determined lowvalues of activation energy indicate nonspecific adsorption isthe predominant mechanism. The surface reaction-limiting batchkinetic model can adequately describe the removal behaviors offluoride ion by alumina adsorption in the batch system.  相似文献   

Bestimmung der Laktulose in Milchprodukten     

Stanisław Zagrodzki  Anna Kułagowska  Bogusław Król 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1968,16(1-4):102-112

Zusammenfassung Mittels der Dünnschichtchromatographie wurde festgestellt, daß das Anthron selektiv mit Ketosen reagieren kann. Für die kolorimetrische Bestimmung der Laktulose wurde Anthron im Medium von Phosphor- und Essigsäure angewandt. Man stellte fest, daß die farbigen Verbindungen des Anthrons mit Laktulose dasBeer'sche Gesetz im Bereich der Laktulosekonzentrationen 0,5 mg/ml bis 1,5 mg/ml erfüllen. Diese Verbindungen entstehen durch Erwärmen der Reagentien bei 100°C während 30 Min. Das Absorptionsmaximum der farbigen Verbindungen der Laktulose mit dem Anthron befindet sich bei der Wellenlänge 427,4 nm. In 92%-iger Äthylalkohollösung kann die Laktulose mit Hilfe der Anthronmethode in Gegenwart verschiedener Laktosemengen bestimmt werden. Diese Laktose kann ein Bestandteil des Gemisches aus Zuckern sein oder sie kann auch in Milchprodukten auftreten. Die im Verhältnis zur Laktulose gleichgroßen Galaktose- und Glukosemengen hindern nicht bei der Bestimmung der Laktulose im Gemisch dieser Zucker.

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Summary We have established, with the help of TLC, that anthrone can react selectively with the ketoses. For the colorimetric analysis of lactulose anthrone has been utilised in a medium of phosphoric acid and acetic acid. It has been ascertained that the coloured compounds anthrone with lactulose are following deBeer's law in the range of concentrations going from 0.5 mg/ml to 1.5 mg/ml of lactulose. These compounds are formed by heating the reagents at 100°C during 30 minutes. Maximum absorption of the coloured compounds of lactulose and anthrone is located at 427.4 nm wave length. Lactulose can be determined in 92% ethanol solutions by the anthrone method in the presence of various quantities of lactose. This lactose can be a constituent of a mixture of sugars or be formed in dairy products. The determination of lactulose in the presence of galactose and glucose, mixed in equal quantities, is not impeded.

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Résumé Nous avons constaté au moyen de la C.C.M., que l'anthrone peut réagir d'une manière sélective avec les cétoses. Pour l'analyse colorimétrique de lactulose l'anthrone a été utilisée dans un milieu d'acide phosphorique et acide acétique. On a constaté que les composés colorés de l'anthrone avec le lactulose suivent la loi deBeer dans le domaine des concentrations 0,5 mg/ml à 1,5 mg/ml de lactulose. Ces composés se forment par chauffage des réactifs à 100°C pendant 30 minutes. Le maximum d'absorption des composés colorés du lactulose avec l'anthrone se situe à la longueur d'onde de 427,4 nm. Le lactulose peut être déterminé dans une solution d'éthanol à 92% au moyen de la méthode à l'anthrone en présence de différentes quantités de lactose. Ce lactose peut être constituant d'un mélange de sucre ou bien être formée dans les produits laitiers. La détermination du lactulose en présence de galactose et glucose, mélangés en quantité égale, n'est pas génée.

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