Efficacy of bioactive compounds and their association with different cowpea cultivars against their major stored pest     

Douglas Re S Barbosa  Jos V de Oliveira  Paulo HS da Silva  Mariana O Breda  Kamilla de Andrade Dutra  Fabiana SC Lopes  Alice MN de Araújo 《Pest management science》2020,76(11):3770-3779

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Reclamation of desert land to continuous cotton cropping affects soil properties and microbial communities in the desert-oasis ecotone of Xinjiang,China     

Li  Jinbiao  Liu  Guangming  Kwak  Jin-Hyeob  Chang  Scott X.  Gao  Haochen  Wu  Qicong  Yang  Jingsong  Chen  Jinlin 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(2):862-873

Purpose

A large area of desert land in the desert-oasis ecotone in northwestern China is being reclaimed for continuous cotton production for several decades. However, little is known about the possible effect of reclamation and long-term monocultural cotton cultivation on soil properties and microbial communities in the desert-oasis ecotone area.

Materials and methods

Soil samples were collected from the 0–20-cm mineral soil from croplands that had been continuously planted cotton for 5, 25, and 50 years after reclamation, as well as a desert land (t?=?0, before reclamation, used as the control). Soil physical and chemical properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial and fungal community diversities were determined.

Results and discussion

Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and enzyme activities increased up to 25 years after reclamation, and further monocultural cotton cropping was not beneficial to improve soil quality. Soil urease, alkaline phosphatase, and sucrase activities increased by 121~205%, 100~167%, and 206~719% in croplands as compared with the desert land, respectively, after reclamation with the highest value at 25 years of cotton cultivation. Bacterial richness and diversity increased from desert land to the 5-year-old cropland and then remained stable after 5 years of cotton cropping, and soil fungal richness and diversity were not affected by reclamation and cropping years.

Conclusions

Crop rotation or fallow should be considered to maintain or improve soil quality over the long-term monocultural cropping.

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The first detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in pigs in Korea     

Lim SK  Nam HM  Jang GC  Lee HS  Jung SC  Kwak HS 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,155(1):88-92

In order to determine the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pigs in Korea, a total of 657 nasal swabs were collected from pigs on 66 different pig farms nationwide during February 2008-May 2009. The prevalences of MRSA positive samples in pigs and farms were 3.2% (21/657) and 22.7% (15/66), respectively. Two different types were found among the 21 MRSA isolates: 17 strains of livestock-associated type (LA; ST398 or ST541/spa t034) and 4 strains of human-associated type (HA; ST72/spa t664 or t2461). The most prevalent type of MRSA strain was ST398/t034 (12/21, 57%), followed by ST541/t034 (5/21, 23.8%). The rest of the isolates were ST72/t664 (n=2) and ST72/t2461 (n=2), respectively. Our data provide evidence for the existence of not only LA types (ST398 and ST541) but also HA type (ST72) MRSA in pigs in Korea. This survey provides the first evidence of LA type MRSA in animals in Korea. In addition, the presence of human MRSA clones in pigs observed in this study suggests an additional reservoir for human MRSA infection, and vice versa.  相似文献   

Profiling of miRNAs in neonatal cloned bovines with collapsed lungs and respiratory distress          下载免费PDF全文

FY Zhang  N Yang  YF Rao  WH Du  HS Hao  XM Zhao  HB Zhu  Y Liu 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(2):550-555

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Effect of cumulus cells and sperm concentration on fertilization and development of pig oocytes          下载免费PDF全文

R Li  Y Liu  HS Pedersen  H Callesen 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(4):1009-1012

Effect of sperm concentrations and cumulus cells (CCs) on porcine IVF was re‐evaluated using current improved IVM and IVC system. Our results showed that both CCs and sperm concentration had significant effect on penetration rate, frequency of polyspermy and embryonic development. The best IVF results were obtained with oocytes with CCs fertilized with 0.5 × 10⁵ sperm/ml. Such an IVP system works on both sow and gilt oocytes.  相似文献   

Imaging diagnosis--congenital structural hyoid bone abnormalities in a dog     

Hyewon Kang  Haebeom Lee  Hyosung Kwak  Namsoo Kim  Kichang Lee 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(4):357-359

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Intraluminal tracheal stent fracture in a Yorkshire terrier          下载免费PDF全文

Woo HM  Kim MJ  Lee SG  Nam HS  Kwak HH  Lee JS  Park IC  Hyun C 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2007,48(10):1063-1066

An 8-year-old Yorkshire terrier was presented with tracheal collapse. Two intraluminal nitinol stents were implanted. The implanted stents were found to be fractured 4 weeks after implantation. The fractured stents were removed. To restore the collapsed trachea, ring prostheses were applied. However, the dog was euthanized because of a bad outcome following surgery.  相似文献   

Antinociceptive effect of buprenorphine and evaluation of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex in foals          下载免费PDF全文

Åse I Risberg  Claudia Spadavecchia  Birgit Ranheim  Eli HS Hendrickson  Andreas Lervik  Henning A Haga 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2015,42(3):329-338

ObjectiveTo elicit and evaluate the NWR (nociceptive withdrawal reflex) in 2 and 11 day old foals, to investigate if buprenorphine causes antinociception and determine if the NWR response changes with increasing age. The effect of buprenorphine on behaviour was also evaluated.Study designProspective, experimental cross-over trial.AnimalsNine Norwegian Fjord research foals.MethodsBuprenorphine, 10 μg kg⁻¹ was administered intramuscularly (IM) to the same foal at 2 days and at 11 days of age. The NWR and the effect of buprenorphine were evaluated by electromyograms recorded from the left deltoid muscle following electrical stimulation of the left lateral palmar nerve at the level of the pastern. Mentation, locomotor activity and respiratory rate were recorded before and after buprenorphine administration.ResultsWe were able to evoke the NWR and temporal summation in foals using this model. Buprenorphine decreased the root mean square amplitude following single electrical stimulation (p < 0.001) in both age groups, and increased the NWR threshold following single electrical stimulation in 2 day old foals (p = 0.0012). Repeated electrical stimulation at 2 Hz was more effective to elicit temporal summation compared to 5 Hz (p < 0.001). No effect of age upon the NWR threshold was found (p = 0.34). Sedation when left undisturbed (11 occasions), increased locomotor activity when handled (9 occasions) and tachypnea (13 occasions) were common side-effects of buprenorphine.Conclusion and clinical relevanceThese findings indicate that buprenorphine has antinociceptive effect in foals. Opioid side effects often recognized in adult horses also occur in foals.  相似文献   

Quantitative trait loci mapping for flooding tolerance at an early growth stage of soybean recombinant inbred line population     

Sanjeev K. Dhungana  Hong-Sik Kim  Beom-Kyu Kang  Jeong-Hyun Seo  Hyun-Tae Kim  Sang-Ouk Shin  Chang-Hwan Park  Do-Yeon Kwak 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(3):626-638

Flooding stress causes a significant yield reduction in soybean. The early growth of soybean in Korea coincides with the rainy season, potentially exposing to flooding stress. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to map the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for flooding tolerance in soybean and to identify and investigate candidate genes near the QTL hot spots. Flood stress was imposed at V1–V2 stage on a recombinant inbred line population (‘Paldalkong’ × ‘NTS1116’), and leaf chlorophyll content (CC) and shoot dry weight (DW) were measured under control and flooded conditions. The genetic map was constructed using 180K Axiom^® SoyaSNP markers. The QTL were analysed under control and flooded conditions as well as for index (ratio of CC or DW under flooded to control, CCI and DWI) and flooding tolerance index (FTI, mean of CCI and DWI). A total of 20 QTL with LOD scores 3.59–19.73 causing 5.8%–33.3% phenotypic variation were identified on nine chromosomes. Chromosomes 10, 12 and 13 harboured relatively more stable QTL. Results of this study could be useful to further understand the genetic basis of soybean's flooding tolerance and applied in breeding programmes.  相似文献   

Detection of individual trees and estimation of tree height using LiDAR data   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Doo-Ahn Kwak  Woo-Kyun Lee  Jun-Hak Lee  Greg S. Biging  Peng Gong 《Journal of Forest Research》2007,12(6):425-434

For estimation of tree parameters at the single-tree level using light detection and ranging (LiDAR), detection and delineation of individual trees is an important starting point. This paper presents an approach for delineating individual trees and estimating tree heights using LiDAR in coniferous (Pinus koraiensis, Larix leptolepis) and deciduous (Quercus spp.) forests in South Korea. To detect tree tops, the extended maxima transformation of morphological image-analysis methods was applied to the digital canopy model (DCM). In order to monitor spurious local maxima in the DCM, which cause false tree tops, different h values in the extended maxima transformation were explored. For delineation of individual trees, watershed segmentation was applied to the distance-transformed image from the detected tree tops. The tree heights were extracted using the maximum value within the segmented crown boundary. Thereafter, individual tree data estimated by LiDAR were compared to the field measurement data under five categories (correct delineation, satisfied delineation, merged tree, split tree, and not found). In our study, P. koraiensis, L. leptolepis, and Quercus spp. had the best detection accuracies of 68.1% at h = 0.18, 86.7% at h = 0.12, and 67.4% at h = 0.02, respectively. The coefficients of determination for tree height estimation were 0.77, 0.80, and 0.74 for P. koraiensis, L. leptolepis, and Quercus spp., respectively.  相似文献