Management strategies in urban green spaces: Models based on an introduced exotic pet turtle   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pauline Teillac-Deschamps  Romain Lorrillire  Vronique Servais  Virginie Delmas  Antoine Cadi  Anne-Caroline Prvot-Julliard 《Biological conservation》2009,142(10):2258-2269

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Does maternal environmental condition during reproductive development induce genotypic selection in Picea abies?     

Guillaume Besnard  Virginie Acheré  Sylvain Jeandroz  Øystein Johnsen  Patricia Faivre Rampant  Rüdiger Baumann  Gerhard Müller-Starck  Torre Skrøppa  Jean-Michel Favre 《Annals of Forest Science》2008,65(1):109-109

In forest trees, environmental conditions during reproduction can greatly influence progeny performance. This phenomenon probably results from adaptive phenotypic plasticity but also may be associated with genotypic selection. In order to determine whether selective effects during the reproduction are environment specific, single pair-crosses of Norway spruce were studied in two contrasted maternal environments (warm and cold conditions). One family expressed large and the other small phenotypic differences between these crossing environments. The inheritance of genetic polymorphism was analysed at the seed stage. Four parental genetic maps covering 66 to 78% of the genome were constructed using 190 to 200 loci. After correcting for multiple testing, there is no evidence of locus under strong and repeatable selection. The maternal environment could thus only induce limited genotypic-selection effects during reproductive steps, and performance of progenies may be mainly affected by a long-lasting epigenetic memory regulated by temperature and photoperiod prevailing during seed production.  相似文献   

COMPARISON BETWEEN THORACIC RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS AND POSTMORTEM DIAGNOSIS OF THORACIC DISEASES IN DYSPNEIC COMPANION RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)          下载免费PDF全文

Virginie Fouriez‐Lablée  Claire Vergneau‐Grosset  Philip H. Kass  Allison L. Zwingenberger 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(2):133-143

Companion rats are often presented to veterinarians for respiratory difficulties. Dyspnea in rats is most commonly due to infectious pneumonia, and thoracic neoplasia can go undiagnosed ante mortem due to a mistaken interpretation of pneumonia. In domestic carnivores, pulmonary nodular patterns have been shown to correlate with lung neoplastic diseases and infectious diseases. The main objective of this retrospective case series study was to determine whether certain radiographic criteria could be correlated with the presence of thoracic infectious disease and neoplastic disease in companion rats. A secondary objective was to determine whether the patient's sex and age were different between rats diagnosed with infectious versus neoplastic disease. Medical records and thoracic radiographs of dyspneic companion rats presented to the University of California at Davis, William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital during the time period from January 2000 to December 2014 were reviewed. Rats with postmortem confirmation of thoracic lesions were included in the study. Thoracic radiographs were evaluated for positioning, lesion distribution, lung lobe involved, pulmonary pattern, mediastinal and pleural lesions by three observers blinded to diagnosis. Thirty rats were included in the study, including 23 rats with an infectious disease and seven with neoplasia. Mediastinal lesions were significantly more prevalent in the group diagnosed with thoracic neoplasia (P = 0.031), in particular cranially (P = 0.048). Although there was an overlap between the two groups, findings indicated that the presence of cranial mediastinal lesions may be helpful for differentiating neoplastic from infectious disease in rats.  相似文献   

家禽生长促进剂天然替代物     

Virginie Noirot  Pgode SA  黄玲 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2010,30(6):43-45

<正>自欧洲禁用抗生素生长促进剂(AGPs)以来,市场上出现了各种各样的AGPs替代品。这些产品的目的必须确保其效果至少不低于所替代的产品,而且还必须使动物的生理状态与环境相协调。  相似文献   

Investigating the use of fallout and geogenic radionuclides as potential tracing properties to quantify the sources of suspended sediment in a mining catchment in New Caledonia,South Pacific     

Sellier  Virginie  Navratil  Oldrich  Laceby  J. Patrick  Allenbach  Michel  Lefèvre  Irène  Evrard  Olivier 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(2):1112-1128

Journal of Soils and Sediments - New Caledonia, a French island located in the south-west Pacific Ocean, has vast nickel resources. Open-cast mining has strongly increased soil erosion and the...  相似文献   

精原干细胞及其在转基因技术中的应用     

Virginie Olive  Francois Cuzin  刘吉宏 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2007,27(1):28-31

睾丸内生殖细胞分化起源于不断更新的干细胞小池,继而首先引起生精细胞(精原细胞)分化。这些定型细胞然后遵循一个固定的程序进行演化,它们首先同步化地进行六次有丝分裂,然后进入第一次减数分裂期。以形态学和细胞学标准,鉴别精原干细胞,根据注入不育者睾丸的分化活力,进行功能检测。目前干细胞的纯化和鉴定研究取得了日新月异的发展。生殖系生物学基本理论和多个领域中的临床前研究将会从中得益,同时附植前的基因转移为转基因技术开辟一条崭新的途径。细胞特征:①源于初生睾丸生长捕获生殖母细胞的少量精原干细胞(2～3×104/成年睾丸),主要分布在生精小管的周围;②细胞遗传学分析首次鉴定表明,它们是缺乏异染色质的圆形小细胞;③通过移植入缺乏生殖细胞的受体睾丸,在功能上表现为具有重建永久精子发生的能力;④基于α6β1整合素和CD9表达,可以获得较高浓度的精原干细胞,在转基因启动子驱动下异源表面蛋白质得以表达,可进一步纯化产物;⑤逆转录病毒载体能使基因转移先于移植,转基因后代随后即可产生。  相似文献   

Administration of Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores to goats to control gastro-intestinal nematodes: dose trials     

Paraud C  Hoste H  Lefrileux Y  Pommaret A  Paolini V  Pors I  Chartier C 《Veterinary research》2005,36(2):157-166

The ability of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans to reduce the number of infective nematode larvae in coproculture was investigated in goats using different doses of chlamydospores (0, 1.25 x 10(5), 2.5 x 10(5), 5 x 10(5) chlamydospores/kg BW/day) given by oral administration or by voluntary consumption in feed during natural or experimental infections with nematodes. The kinetics of excretion of D. flagrans chlamydospores in the faeces was also determined using a dose of 5 x 10(5) chlamydospores/kg BW/day for five days. For all the trials, the faecal nematode egg outputs were determined by a modified McMaster method and standard coprocultures were set up (14 days, 25 degrees C) to determine the number of larvae emerging from culture in fungus treated and control faeces. When chlamydospores were orally administered, the number of larvae were reduced by 50 to 97% when compared to control cultures. No difference in the level of larval emergence from the culture was seen for experimental or natural infections at the different chlamydospore dose rates. In contrast, when chlamydospores were distributed in the feed, a dose-dependent relationship was observed 10 days after the start of administration, the larval development being 2.0%, 14.0% and 86.9% for 5 x 10(5), 2.5 x 10(5) and 0 spores/kg BW/day, respectively. In addition, the kinetic study showed that the larval emergence from coproculture in the fungus group was statistically lower than in the control group from the second day of administration of the chlamydospores and remained lower until the second day after the last administration (p < 0.05). The results indicate that, for goats in farm conditions, a minimum daily dose of 5 x 10(5) chlamydospores/kg BW must be used to ensure a high treatment efficacy and that daily administration is preferable for maintenance of efficacy over time.  相似文献   

Ultrasonographic anatomy of abdominal lymph nodes in the normal cat.     

Elke Schreurs  Kathelijn Vermote  Virginie Barberet  Sylvie Daminet  Heike Rudorf  Jimmy H Saunders 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(1):68-72

Lymph nodes are essential structures to be evaluated in an ultrasonographic examination of the feline abdomen. It was hypothesized that current technical proficiency would allow all feline abdominal lymph nodes to be identified ultrasonographically. Ten clinically normal, adult, domestic shorthair cats were examined using real-time compound ultrasonographic imaging. The medial iliac lymph nodes were visible in 100% of the cats, the jejunal lymph nodes in 90%, the hepatic lymph nodes in 70%, the aortic lumbar, the splenic, and the pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes in 60% each, the ileocecal and the colic lymph nodes in 50% each, and the renal, the gastric, the sacral and the caudal mesenteric lymph nodes in 40%, 30%, 20%, and 10% of the cats, respectively. The inconsistent presence of lymph nodes, their poor echocontrast and interposed gas of the gastrointestinal tract explain the lower percentages of identification. The ultrasonographic length and diameter of the lymph nodes were determined. The majority of these measurements corresponded to those in the literature. We conclude that ultrasonography is a valuable tool for the identification and evaluation of most abdominal lymph nodes in the normal cat. Average ultrasonographic measurements are presented as a preliminary guideline for normal feline abdominal lymph nodes. ete  相似文献   

Computed tomographic features of the normal canine thyroid gland.     

Olivier Taeymans  Tobias Schwarz  Luc Duchateau  Virginie Barberet  Ingrid Gielen  Mark Haskins  Henri Van Bree  Jimmy H Saunders 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(1):13-19

The computed tomographic (CT) features of the normal thyroid gland were compiled from images acquired in 25 client-owned dogs without thyroid gland disease. The mean pre- and postcontrast attenuation values were 107.5 and 169.0 Hounsfield Units, respectively. After injection of intravenous contrast medium (600 mg iodine/kg), the apparent thyroid gland volume (both lobes combined) increased from a mean value of 1148.0 nm3 to a mean value of 1188.9 mm3. All thyroid lobes were homogeneous on pre- and postcontrast images. In a craniocaudal direction, the gland spanned a region from the 1st to the 8th tracheal ring and the right lobe was often more cranial than the left. On transverse images the lobe shape was ovoid in 72%, and its location was dorsolateral to the trachea in 90% of dogs. Parathyroid glands could not be identified and an isthmus connecting both thyroid lobes was only seen in one dog. Considering the excellent visibility of the normal canine thyroid gland, CT can be beneficial in the differentiation of thyroidal versus nonthyroidal neck masses. CT also yields potential in the staging of thyroid carcinomas.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of metal-phosphates formation in the rhizosphere soils of pea and tomato: environmental and sanitary consequences   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Annabelle Austruy  Muhammad Shahid  Tiantian Xiong  Maryse Castrec  Virginie Payre  Nabeel Khan Niazi  Muhammad Sabir  Camille Dumat 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(4):666-678

Purpose

At the global scale, soil contamination with persistent metals such as lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) induces a serious threat of entering the human food chain. In the recent past, different natural and synthetic compounds have been used to immobilize metals in soil environments. However, the mechanisms involved in amendment-induced immobilization of metals in soil remained unclear. The objective of the present work was therefore to determine the mechanisms involved in metal-phosphates formation in the rhizospheric soils of pea and tomato currently cultivated in kitchen gardens.

Materials and methods

Pea and tomato were cultivated on a soil polluted by past industrial activities with Pb and Zn under two kinds of phosphate (P) amendments: (1) solid hydroxyapatite and (2) KH₂PO₄. The nature and quantities of metal-P formed in the rhizospheric soils were studied by using the selective chemical extractions and employing the combination of X-ray fluorescence micro-spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe methods. Moreover, the influence of soil pH and organic acids excreted by plant roots on metal-P complexes formation was studied.

Results and discussion

Our results demonstrated that P amendments have no effect on metal-P complex formation in the absence of plants. But, in the presence of plants, P amendments cause Pb and Zn immobilization by forming metal-P complexes. Higher amounts of metal-P were formed in the pea rhizosphere compared to the tomato rhizosphere and in the case of soluble P compared to the solid amendment. The increase in soil-metal contact time enhanced metal-P formation.

Conclusions

The different forms of metal-P formed for the different plants under two kinds of P amendments indicate that several mechanisms are involved in metal immobilization. Metal-P complex formation in the contaminated soil depends on the type of P amendment added, duration of soil-plant contact, type of plant species, and excretion of organic acids by the plant roots in the rhizosphere.  相似文献