Comparison of N Mineralization Rate and Pattern in Different Manure- and Sewage Sludge-Amended Calcareous Soil     

Leila Zare  Abdolmajid Ronaghi 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2019,50(5):559-569

A 12-week incubation experiment was conducted to determine the pattern and rate of N mineralized from organic materials. Treatments consisted of sheep manure (SM), cattle manure (CM), poultry manure (PM), sewage sludge (SS) at 1% (W/W) level, and unfertilized treatment with three replications. The concentrations of nitrate (NO₃)- nitrogen (N) and ammonium (NH₄)-N were determined in day 1 and 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the beginning of incubation. Results indicated that the magnitude of N mineralized during the incubation time periods was in the order of CM (134 mg kg^?1) > PM (83 mg kg^?1) > SS (56 mg kg^?1) > SM (55 mg kg^?1), and different management is required for obtaining optimum N-use efficiency. In conclusion, improving N-uptake efficiency in manure- and SS-amended soils depends on the pattern and rate of N mineralization to synchronize N released with crop N demand periods.  相似文献   

Wood biochar produces different rates of root growth and transpiration in two maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) under drought stress     

Leila Romdhane  Yasser Mahmoud Awad  Leila Radhouane  Cristian Dal Cortivo  Giuseppe Barion  Anna Panozzo 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2019,65(6):846-866

This study investigated the effects of wood-derived biochar (BC) applied at 1% to a C-poor silty-loam soil in the drought-tolerant (D24) and in the drought-sensitive (P1921) Pioneer Hi-Bred maize hybrids in pot and field trials (NE Italy). D24 had better growth than P1921 under rain-fed conditions without irrigation and soil amendment. The addition of biochar increased root growth in D24 (+38% root area) and decreases it in P1921 (?9%) at the silking stage, while the fraction of finer roots (<250 µm diam.) was reduced in D24 and increased in P1921. This led both hybrids to maintain the maximum transpiration at a lower fraction of transpirable soil water (from 82% to 45% in D24, and from 46% to 22% in P1921). There were no significant variations in plant nutrient contents, productivity and in the protein and starch contents of the grains, whereas the lipid content was reduced by biochar, particularly in P1921 (2.6% vs. 3% DW, ?13%).

We conclude that biochar can be profitably used to enhance drought tolerance in maize, possibly due to improvements in the physicochemical characteristics and the water content of treated soils, although maximum benefits are expected in drought-tolerant hybrids through increased root elongation and transpiration.  相似文献   

MONITORING THE PROGRESSION OF TARSAL OSSIFICATION WITH ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND RADIOGRAPHY IN THREE IMMATURE FOALS     

Mirja  Ruohoniemi  DVM  Leena  Hildén  DVM  Leila  Salo  DVM  Riitta-Mari  Tulamo  DVM  Ph.D. 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(5):402-410

Repeated ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations of both tarsi were performed on three immature foals at individually adjusted times to monitor the progression of ossification. The first examination was performed soon after birth, and all foals were found to have incomplete ossification of the tarsal bones. Two of the foals were monitored until ossification of the small tarsal bones was complete. The rate of ossification varied, and it seemed to be affected by the general health of the foal and by its weight-bearing. In two foals the pattern of ossification was markedly irregular and several ossifying foci were often found within the bones. Ultrasonography was found to be a practical method for monitoring the changes in the outline and echogenity of the bones in the distal tarsal area. Radiography confirmed the ultrasonographic findings and was necessary for evaluating the internal structure of the bones.  相似文献   

Histomorphometrical and stereological study of the oesophagus in the adult male Persian squirrel (Sciurus anomalus)     

Nader Goodarzi  Mohsen Akbari Bazm  Leila Naseri  Morteza Hosseinipour 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2019,48(5):444-448

The Persian squirrel (Sciurus anomalus) is habitat in the Middle East countries and feed on pine acorns and other seeds. The present study was carried out to investigate the histological and volumetric features of the oesophagus in Persian squirrels. Five adult male Persian squirrels were included in the study. The cervical, thoracic and abdominal oesophagus of all subjects were processed routinely and sectioned in a serial manner. Then, the total volume of the oesophagus and its different layers were estimated using Cavalieri's principle. Histological assessment revealed a non‐keratinized stratified squamous epithelium lining the mucosa. No glands were seen in the lamina propria and submucosa. Lamina muscularis was present as a distinct layer of smooth muscle cells separating the lamina propria from the tunica submucosa. The tunica muscularis consisted of two distinct layers of striated muscle fibres: inner circular and outer longitudinal that was intermingled with few scattered smooth muscle fibres especially in the abdominal region. The thoracic region contained more amount of the lamina muscularis and tunica muscularis in comparison to the cervical or abdominal regions. The obtained results revealed that the histological structure of the Persian squirrel oesophagus has differences and similarities with other rodents and even with other species of squirrel. These findings would be useful to improve the knowledge in the areas of histological structure of the rodent digestive system.  相似文献   

Diagnosis of paratuberculosis in a dairy herd native to Brazil     

Ristow P  Marassi CD  Rodrigues AB  Oelemann WM  Rocha F  Santos AS  Carvalho EC  Carvalho CB  Ferreira R  Fonseca LS  Lilenbaum W 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,174(2):432-434

Paratuberculosis (PTB) in Brazil has previously only been reported in imported animals and is officially considered as an exotic disease. A dairy herd, which had no imported animals, presented clinically suspect animals and was investigated for paratuberculosis using faecal culture, histopathology, indirect ELISA and the agar gel immunodiffusion test. Infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) was confirmed by culture of faeces from five cows with clinical symptoms of PTB and in 7/24 randomly selected asymptomatic cows from the same herd. Two cows with clinical symptoms were necropsied and their tissues were positive for Map by culture and histopathology. Twelve asymptomatic, randomly selected cows were positive on ELISA. The results confirmed the presence of PTB in this dairy herd and for the first time demonstrated the disease in a herd of native-bred cattle in Brazil.  相似文献   

Essentials of Veterinary Ophthalmology, 3rd edition     

Leila Kleemola 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2015,56(9):984

  相似文献   

Evaluating the potential of sentinel-2, landsat-8, and irs satellite images in tree species classification of hyrcanian forest of iran using random forest     

Leila Soleimannejad  Roya Abedi  Matthias Dees  Barbara Koch 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2019,38(7):615-628

ABSTRACT

Spatially explicit information on tree species composition of any forest provides valuable information to forest managers as well as to nature conservationists. In this study, the potential of three spaceborne sensors: (1) Landsat-8, (2) Sentinel-2, and (3) IRS-Pansharpened were compared by applying Random Forest (RF) classification algorithms to classify the three most common tree species: Pinus taeda, Alnus spp., and Populus spp., in Hyrcanian forest of Iran. Three RF models with optimized parameters of mtry and ntree were used for the classification of trees species. Based on our Overall Accuracy (OA) and Kappa Coefficient (KC) analysis, IRS-Pansharpened data showed the highest accuracy (OA = 84.9% and KC = 79.7%), followed by Landsat-8 (OA = 78.2% and KC = 70.6%), and Sentinel-2 (OA = 77% and KC = 70%). According to the Mean Decrease in Accuracy (MDA) criterion delivered as an output of RF, the near-IR spectral band was found on the top rank (high variable importance) as compared to all other spectral bands for tree species classification. The findings of this study can be used by the researcher, forest managers, economists and policy and decision makers in the context of sustainable forest management of Hyrcanian forest resources.  相似文献   

The Role of Biodegradable Engineered Nanofiber Scaffolds Seeded with Hair Follicle Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering     

Leila Beigom Hejazian  Banafshe Esmaeilzade  Fatima Moghanni Ghoroghi  Fatemeh Moradi  Marzieh Beigom Hejazian  Anahita Aslani  Mehrdad Bakhtiari  Masoud Soleimani  Maliheh Nobakht 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2012,16(4):193-201

Background

The aim of this study was to fabricate the poly caprolactone (PCL) aligned nanofiber scaffold and to evaluate the survival, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of rat hair follicle stem cells (HFSC) in the graft material using electrospun PCL nanofiber scaffold for tissue engineering applications.

Methods

The bulge region of rat whisker was isolated and cultured in DMEM: nutrient mixture F-12 supplemented with epidermal growth factor. The morphological and biological features of cultured bulge cells were observed by light microscopy using immunocytochemistry methods. Electrospinning was used for production of PCL nanofiber scaffolds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 3-(4, 5-di-methylthiazol- 2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and histology analysis were used to investigate the cell morphology, viability, attachment and infiltration of the HFSC on the PCL nanofiber scaffolds.

Results

The results of the MTT assay showed cell viability and cell proliferation of the HFSC on PCL nanofiber scaffolds. SEM microscopy images indicated that HFSC are attached, proliferated and spread on PCL nanofiber scaffolds. Also, immunocytochemical analysis showed cell infiltration and cell differentiation on the scaffolds.

Conclusion

The results of this study reveal that PCL nanofiber scaffolds are suitable for cell culture, proliferation, differentiation and attachment. Furthermore, HFSC are attached and proliferated on PCL nanofiber scaffolds.Key Words: Nanofiber, Electrospinning, Stem cells, Tissue engineering  相似文献   

Environment-friendly short-term protection of palm wood against mould and rot fungi     

Mohsen Bahmani  Leila Fathi  Arno Frühwald 《Wood material science & engineering》2016,11(4):239-247

Felled palm trunks are susceptible to fungi as long as their moisture content is above fibre saturation. During this period, palm wood has to be protected against mould and rot fungi. The study was aimed at testing environment-friendly organic acids for their protecting efficiency. Small samples of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) wood were treated with weak organic acids and subsequently infected by moulds and wood-decay fungi. Short dipping of the samples in solutions of 5% acetic acid and propionic acid, respectively, protected all samples for two months from colonization by Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp. and by a natural infection. Boric acid (4%) used in practice for protection was ineffective. Decay tests with the white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, the brown-rot species Coniophora puteana and the soft-rot fungus Chaetomium globosum showed that both acids prevented most samples from fungal colonization for three weeks and reduced the decay considerably during two months.  相似文献   

Large within-population genetic diversity of the widespread conifer Pinus sylvestris at its soil fertility limit characterized by nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers     

Leila Pazouki  Parvin Salehi Shanjani  Peter D. Fields  Karina Martins  Marina Suhhorutšenko  Haldja Viinalass  Ülo Niinemets 《European Journal of Forest Research》2016,135(1):161-177

  相似文献