Treating the locoregional lymph nodes with radiation and/or surgery significantly improves outcome in dogs with high‐grade mast cell tumours     

Susan E. Mendez  Kenneth J. Drobatz  Lilian E. Duda  Pamela White  Lyndsay Kubicek  Karin U. Sorenmo 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2020,18(2):239-246

High‐grade canine mast cell tumours (HG‐MCT) have a high rate of locoregional relapse. In this study, dogs with HG‐MCT treated with radiation therapy (RT) were retrospectively evaluated to determine the benefit associated with treating the locoregional lymph nodes (LNs). Forty‐two dogs were included. Variables assessed for association with overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) included WHO stage, tumour location and size, LN irradiation (prophylactic, therapeutic or none), LN treatment (yes or no), LN status at RT (metastatic or nonmetastatic) and RT intent (definitive vs palliative). Lower‐stage disease at irradiation was significantly associated with prolonged median PFS (425 vs 125 days for stage 0 vs 1‐4), and OS (615 vs 314 days for stage 0 vs 1‐4). Having any LN treatment and definitive RT were both significantly associated with prolonged OS. In order to evaluate the role of LN irradiation, dogs were divided into subgroups: (a) stage 0 at irradiation with no LN treatment (n = 14), (b) stage 0 at irradiation with prophylactic LN irradiation (n = 6), (c) stage 0 at irradiation but previously stage 2 (n = 5) and (d) stage >0 at irradiation (n = 17). Prophylactic LN irradiation significantly prolonged PFS (>2381 vs 197 days; group B vs A). Interestingly, dogs that were stage 2 and had LN treatment (C) had prolonged OS vs dogs with negative LNs and no LN treatment (A) (1908 vs 284 days; P = .012). This study confirms that prophylactic and therapeutic LN irradiation in dogs with HG‐MCT is beneficial and improves outcome.  相似文献   

Eignung verschiedener Anbaumedien f??r den erdelosen Subsistenzanbau in Iquitos (Peru) und deren Wirkung auf Wachstum und Qualit?t von Pfl??cksalat (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa L.)     

Lilian Guzm??n Pfeiffer  Christian Ulrichs 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2011,63(1):19-26

Peruvian nutritional indicators demonstrate, in particular for the underprivileged groups in remote regions, as in Iquitos, a malnutrition caused by the insufficient uptake of vitamins and mineral nutrients. Promoting cultivation and consumption of vegetables shall counteract this situation, but unfavourable tropical conditions complicate local crop growing in Iquitos. Due to transportation by air, in Iquitos imported vegetables are expensive goods and thereby prohibitive for many people. Soilless cultivation techniques represent an opportunity to cultivate high-value crops throughout the year on a regional basis. By the use of simplified methods, this technique also offers the underprivileged population the means to provide themselves with healthy vegetables. In the present study, regional available cultivation media were tested for simplified soilless cultivation in Iquitos. The characteristics of one substrate-less cultivation method based on a nutrient solution and eight different types of substrates, derived from the base substrates rice husks, gravel, sand and composted saw dust were compared. Using the example of Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa L. ??Grand Rapids??, general and physico-chemical characteristics of the nine cultivation media and their influence on crop developing and crop quality were determined. Results show that rice husks also gravel-sand-mix 2:1 and 1:2 are particularly suitable for soilless cultivation of loose leaf lettuce in Iquitos. Using these substrates, lettuce showed the best growth of shoots and roots and the highest yield. The crop quality was high for all tested cultivation media. If high weight and cost of the mineral substrate is not assessed negatively, it could also be used for plant breeding. It is to be assumed that a combination of rice husks and gravel-sand-mix is advantageous, since an optimised substrate weight and an improved water-air balance are to be expected.  相似文献   

Role of healthy nursery plants in orange yield during eight years of Citrus Variegated Chlorosis epidemics     

Fabrício Packer Gonçalves  Eduardo Sanches Stuchi  Simone Rodrigues da Silva  Eduardo Toller Reiff  Lilian Amorim 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

The production and commercialization of citrus seedlings inspected and produced in protected screenhouses has become mandatory in São Paulo State, Brazil since January 2003. This law was intended to avoid the dispersion of Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC), disease caused by Xylella fastidiosa. Our objective was to compare the yield over 8 years of ‘Natal’ sweet orange trees grafted onto Rangpur lime obtained from healthy nursery plants and from plants artificially inoculated with X. fastidiosa. Yield was evaluated in an orchard planted in February 1999 with two treatments: (i) trees from healthy nursery plant, and (ii) trees from plants artificially inoculated with X. fastidiosa. The mean yield was 21% higher in trees from healthy nursery plants, as compared to trees from inoculated nursery plants. This difference represents a gain of approximately 203 boxes of 40.8 kg each, considering a planting density of 550 plants per hectare.  相似文献   

Determination of the products of surface-induced hydrolysis of organophosphorus pesticides     

Uri Mingelgrin  Lilian Kljger  Sarina Saltzman 《Pest management science》1979,10(2):133-138

A procedure which enables the identification of the hydrolysis products of a number of phosphoric and phosphorothioic esters was developed. This procedure, which includes thin-layer chromatography (t.l.c.), gas chromatography and u.v. spectroscopy, has been used to demonstrate that surface hydrolysis on kaolinite is a general property of bioactive phosphoric and phosphorothioic esters. The path of hydrolysis was shown to be the breakage of the P? O A or P? SA bond, where A is the electron attracting moiety of the organic molecule.  相似文献   

Penetration of topically administered dexamethasone disodium phosphate and prednisolone acetate into the normal equine ocular fluids     

Hanneke Hermans  Els M. H. van den Berg  Inge J. M. Slenter  Dax J. C. Vendrig  Lilian J. L. de Nijs-Tjon  Johannes C. M. Vernooij  Harold Brommer  Michael H. Boevé  Ronette Gehring 《Equine veterinary journal》2022,54(5):965-972

  相似文献   

甘蔗与蔗茅杂交双亲染色体在F_1及F_2子代中的传递     

王先宏  李富生  何丽莲  娄红波  杨清辉  何顺长 《热带作物学报》2014,35(1):7-11

甘蔗与蔗茅杂交的后代材料抗旱、耐寒,在甘蔗抗逆育种中具有较好的应用前景,为将其有效应用于甘蔗新品种的选育及品种改良,特对甘蔗与蔗茅杂交各世代的染色体传递方式进行研究。采用去壁低渗法对F1、F2杂种及其亲本材料的根尖体细胞染色体进行研究。结果表明:各后代材料的体细胞染色体数目均不恒定,F1材料的染色体变幅为10~11条,F2材料的变幅为6~14条;双亲染色体在F1代材料中的传递方式为"2n+n",而在F2中既以"n+n"又以"2n+n"的方式进行传递。本研究结果可为诸类材料在甘蔗育种中的进一步利用提供细胞学依据。  相似文献   

Hydrosedimentology of nested subtropical watersheds with native and eucalyptus forests     

Miriam Fernanda Rodrigues  José Miguel Reichert  Jean Paolo Gomes Minella  Leandro Dalbianco  Rodrigo Luiz Ludwig  Rafael Ramon  Lilian Alessandra Rodrigues  Norton Borges Júnior 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(7):1311-1324

Purpose

Information on the effects of eucalyptus forests on hydrosedimentological processes is scarce, particularly at the catchment scale. Monitoring and mathematical modeling are efficient scientific tools used to address the lack of information for natural resource management and the representation and prediction of those processes. This study evaluates the effects of eucalyptus cultivation on hydrosedimentological processes in watersheds and to use the Limburg soil erosion model (LISEM) to represent and predict hydrological processes.

Material and methods

The study was conducted in two forested watersheds: the main watershed (94.46 ha) and a nested sub-watershed (38.86 ha), both cultivated with eucalyptus and residual riparian native forest, located in southern Brazil. Hydrosedimentalogical monitoring was conducted from 16th February 2011 to 31st December 2012, and LISEM model calibrations were performed on the bases of six storms events.

Results and discussion

The sediment yield for 2011 was 41.6 Mg km^?2 and 38.5 Mg km^?2 for the watershed and sub-watershed, respectively. An extreme event in 2012 provided greater sediment yield for the sub-watershed (99.8 Mg km^?2) than that for the watershed (51.7 Mg km^?2). Rainfall events with a greater maximum intensity generated rapid discharge and suspended sediment concentration responses in the sub-watershed due to the smaller drainage area and steeper landscape. In the main watershed, the accumulation of flood waves occurred for most events, with less steep hydrographs, and a later occurrence of the discharge peak after that of the sub-watershed. The LISEM adequately reproduced the peak discharge and runoff for the calibrated events; however, the peak time and the shape of the hydrograph were not adequately represented.

Conclusions

The hydrosedimentological patterns of the watershed and sub-watershed, both cultivated with eucalyptus, was characterized by sedimentographs preceding hydrographs during rainfall–runoff events where scale effects occur, with maximum discharge and specific sediment yield greater in the watershed than that in the sub-watershed. Empirical models based on hydrologic variables may be used for estimating the suspended sediment concentration and sediment yield. Therefore, LISEM may be used for the prediction of hydrological variables in these forested watersheds.  相似文献   

Screening Mangrove Endophytic Fungi for Antimalarial Natural Products     

Laurent Calcul  Carrie Waterman  Wai Sheung Ma  Matthew D. Lebar  Charles Harter  Tina Mutka  Lindsay Morton  Patrick Maignan  Alberto Van Olphen  Dennis E. Kyle  Lilian Vrijmoed  Ka-Lai Pang  Cedric Pearce  Bill J. Baker 《Marine drugs》2013,11(12):5036-5050

We conducted a screening campaign to investigate fungi as a source for new antimalarial compounds. A subset of our fungal collection comprising Chinese mangrove endophytes provided over 5000 lipophilic extracts. We developed an accelerated discovery program based on small-scale cultivation for crude extract screening and a high-throughput malaria assay. Criteria for hits were developed and high priority hits were subjected to scale-up cultivation. Extracts from large scale cultivation were fractionated and these fractions subjected to both in vitro malaria and cytotoxicity screening. Criteria for advancing fractions to purification were developed, including the introduction of a selectivity index and by dereplication of known metabolites. From the Chinese mangrove endophytes, four new compounds (14–16, 18) were isolated including a new dimeric tetrahydroxanthone, dicerandrol D (14), which was found to display the most favorable bioactivity profile.  相似文献   

Histopathology of postbloom fruit drop caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in citrus flowers     

João Paulo Rodrigues Marques  Lilian Amorim  Marcel Bellato Spósito  Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,135(4):783-790

Postbloom fruit drop (PFD) is caused by both Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides and is a potentially serious disease in citrus that occurs when flowering coincides with rainfall. The fungus incites necrotic lesions in petals and stigmas leading to premature fruit drop and reduced yield. The mechanisms of infection and survival of the causal agents remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the histopathology of PFD caused by C. acutatum in the petals and stigmas of sweet oranges using electron and light microscopy. In the petals, pathogen penetration occurred intra and intercellularly and also through the stomata, with intercellular penetration occurring most frequently. The distinct tissues of the petals were colonised, including the vascular system, particularly the xylem. Acervuli were observed on both sides of the petals. Although the fungus did not penetrate through the epidermal cells of the stigma, C. acutatum caused necrosis and an increase of phenolics in this tissue. A protective layer rich in lipophilic and phenolic compounds was formed under the necrotic area and crystals of oxalate were associated with the sites where the pathogen was present.  相似文献   

Infection of citrus pollen grains by Colletotrichum acutatum     

João Paulo Rodrigues Marques  Lilian Amorim  Marcel Bellato Spósito  Denis Marin  Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,136(1):35-40

Postbloom fruit drop (PFD), an important disease caused by Colletotrichum spp., affects citrus yields in Brazil. PFD is characterised by the presence of necrotic lesions on the petals and stigmas of citrus flowers and by the subsequent abscission of young fruit. PFD epidemics have high disease progress rates, which is unusual for a pathogen that produces acervuli and is dispersed by rain. It is possible that other dispersal agents, such as insects and pollen, are involved in the spread of this disease. The objective of this work was to test whether citrus pollen grains can be colonised by Colletotrichum acutatum. Studies using light and electron microscopy showed that the pollen of Citrus sinensis can be infected by C. acutatum. This pathogen can penetrate and colonise citrus pollen grains 24 h after inoculation with the pathogen. The germ tube of conidia either penetrates the pollen sporodermis directly or passes through pollen germ pores. A single hypha can colonise more than one pollen grain. On the surface of the stigma, conidium formation can be observed. This study shows that Citrus sinensis pollen may, in fact, play a role in the spread of C. acutatum in citrus orchards.  相似文献