Endotoxin activity in whole blood measured by neutrophil chemiluminescence is applicable to canine whole blood     

Kjelgaard-Hansen M  Wiinberg B  Aalbaek B  Olsen L  Harris D  Romaschin A  Kristensen AT  Jensen AL 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2008,31(6):477-485

The dog is widely used as a translational experimental model studying the host response and new treatments for human endotoxemia. The present study evaluated the applicability of a novel patient-near neutrophil chemiluminescence assay for the measurement of endotoxin activity in human blood when applied to canine blood samples. The assay was observed to be analytically sensitive and specific to endotoxin when tested in vitro, spiked with purified Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide and live E. coli. The diagnostic sensitivity was sustained during Gram-positive contamination. Finally, it also demonstrated diagnostic potential when able to discriminate dogs with spontaneously occurring endotoxemia from both healthy dogs and diseased dogs without endotoxemia. The rapid patient-near assessment of endotoxin activity in canine blood should facilitate future studies on endotoxemia in both spontaneous disease and in experimental settings.  相似文献   

Herd incidence of bovine mastitis in four Danish dairy districts. I. The prevalence and mastitogenic effect of micro-organisms in the mammary glands of cows     

P S Madsen  O Klastrup  J Olsen  P S Pedersen 《Nordisk veterinaermedicin》1974,26(9):473-482

  相似文献   

Hospitalizing Small Animals     

M. L. Olsen 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1941,5(7):192-197

  相似文献   

Platelet function in dogs: breed differences and effect of acetylsalicylic acid administration     

Nielsen LA  Zois NE  Pedersen HD  Olsen LH  Tarnow I 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2007,36(3):267-273

BACKGROUND: Clinical studies investigating platelet function in dogs have had conflicting results that may be caused by normal physiologic variation in platelet response to agonists. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate platelet function in clinically healthy dogs of 4 different breeds by whole-blood aggregometry and with a point-of-care platelet function analyzer (PFA-100), and to evaluate the effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) administration on the results from both methods. METHODS: Forty-five clinically healthy dogs (12 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels [CKCS], 12 Cairn Terriers, 10 Boxers, and 11 Labrador Retrievers) were included in the study. Platelet function was assessed by whole-blood aggregation with ADP (1, 5, 10, and 20 microM) as agonist and by PFA-100 using collagen and epinephrine (Col + Epi) and Col + ADP as agonists. Plasma thromboxane B(2) concentration was determined by an enzyme immunoassay. To investigate the effect of ASA, 10 dogs were dosed daily (75 or 250 mg ASA orally) for 4 consecutive days. RESULTS: A higher platelet aggregation response was found in CKCS compared to the other breeds. Longer PFA-100 closure time (Col + Epi) was found in Cairn Terriers compared to Boxers. Plasma thromboxane B(2) concentration was not statistically different between groups. Administration of ASA prolonged the PFA-100 closure times, using Col + Epi (but not Col + ADP) as agonists. Furthermore, ASA resulted in a decrease in whole-blood platelet aggregation. CONCLUSIONS: Platelet function is influenced by breed, depending upon the methodology applied. However, the importance of these breed differences remains to be investigated. The PFA-100 method with Col + Epi as agonists, and ADP-induced platelet aggregation appear to be sensitive to ASA in dogs.  相似文献   

Comparison of in vitro tests for evaluation of passive transfer of immunoglobulins in giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis).     

M Miller  B Coville  N Abou-Madi  J Olsen 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》1999,30(1):85-93

Serum samples from captive giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) were tested to assess passive transfer of immunoglobulins using in vitro methods developed for domestic ruminants. Estimated immunoglobulin levels were compared using five tests (protein electrophoresis, total protein refractometry, zinc sulfate turbidity, glutaraldehyde coagulation, and sodium sulfite turbidity). A linear relationship was observed among total protein, gamma globulin (electrophoretic measurement), and immunoglobulin level based on spectrophotometric measurement of zinc sulfate turbidity. Nonquantitative assays also demonstrated statistical correlation with the quantitative methods. Using criteria similar to those established for domestic species, cutoff values for failure of passive transfer (FPT) were established for these tests in neonatal giraffe: 1) total protein <6.0 g/dl; 2) gamma globulin < 0.5 g/dl; 3) estimated immunoglobulin level < 1,000 mg/dl (zinc sulfate turbidity); 4) glutaraldehyde coagulation test negative; or 5) no visually detectable turbidity in 16% sodium sulfite or Bova-S negative. Retrospective examination of the medical histories showed a strong statistical association between animals designated as having FPT and those that were removed from their dams based on clinical assessment to be hand-reared. Application of these tests in the field should allow earlier detection and intervention for FPT in neonatal giraffe.  相似文献   

Dominance hierarchy formation in Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus (L.): nutrient digestibility of subordinate and dominant fish     

R. E. Olsen  E. Ring 《Aquaculture Research》1999,30(9):667-671

Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus (L.) were individually tagged and maintained in circular tanks for 102 days in order to allow the development of dominance hierarchies. At the end of the trial period, the charr were anaesthetized in benzocaine and identified as dominant, beta (β) and subordinate according to a set of established criteria including size, coloration and bite marks. The gut contents were then collected and analysed for apparent digestibility coefficient of nutrients using the chromic oxide method. Subordinate fish had significantly lower specific growth rates and apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients of both dry matter and lipid compared with dominant fish. Although specific growth rate was significantly lower in the β fish compared with dominant charr, this did not influence the apparent digestibility coefficient of nutrients to any major extent.  相似文献   

Holding wild Snow crab,Chionoecetes opilio: effects of stocking density and feeding on survival and injury          下载免费PDF全文

Sten Ivar Siikavuopio  Philip James  Bjørn Ronald Olsen  Tor Evensen  Atle Mortensen  Stein Harris Olsen 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(4):1590-1595

In this study the effects of different stocking densities on survival, injury and weight of captive male snow crab were examined. The first experiment (I) was carried out in square plastic tanks (700 L) with stocking densities of 100 (L), 150 (M) and 200 kg m^?3 (H) for 30 days. In a second experiment (II) snow crabs were kept at a stocking density of 50 kg m^?3 and were either fed (F) or not fed (S) for the same period of 35 days. The last experiment (III), was carried out with stocking densities of 25 kg m^?3 for 21 days with two groups, one with inactivated claw and one without rubber bands, with three replicates per treatment. In the first experiment mortality (H = 27, M = 26 and L = 36%) and occurrence of injuries (H = 27, M = 20 and L = 16%) were high in all groups. The weight loss during the experimental period was; H = 15.3, M = 10.9 and L = 15.5 g, and was not significant different between the groups. In experiment II the mortality (F = 13% and S = 14%) and injuries were lower (F = 12% and S = 17%). The average weight increased in the fed treatment and decreased in the starved treatments. In the last experiment there was no mortality in any of the groups and the levels of injury were low (5% and 7%). The results show that adult male snow crab cannot be stored at densities equal to or higher than 25 kg m^?3 for 3 weeks without risk of mortality.  相似文献   

Changes in trimethylamine oxide and trimethylamine in muscle of wild and farmed cod (Gadus morhua) during iced storage     

Hilde Herland  Margrethe Esaiassen  Marie Cooper  Ragnar L. Olsen 《Aquaculture Research》2009,41(1):95-102

Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is found at high levels in wild Atlantic cod. Trimethylamine oxide is reduced to trimethylamine (TMA) during iced storage. In this study, the levels of TMAO and TMA in wild and farmed cod and the impact of storage, gender and season on these levels were investigated. Wild cod had higher levels of TMAO than farmed cod. Wild cod also had higher levels of TMA after 15 days of iced storage. Farmed cod were found to have levels of TMA‐N <5 mg/100 g after 15 days of iced storage, which is below the maximum permitted level for fresh fish. Therefore, TMA appears to be an unsuitable measure of freshness in farmed cod. Female farmed cod had higher levels of TMAO than male farmed cod; no such difference between genders was found in wild cod. Female and male farmed cod had similar levels of TMA after post‐mortem iced storage. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) of female farmed cod was higher than that seen in male cod and this may be the underlying reason for the differences in muscle TMAO. Levels of TMAO in male farmed cod were higher during the autumn and were correlated with a larger HSI during the same period.  相似文献   

Effects of light and short-term temperature elevation on the 48-h hatching success of cold-stored Acartia tonsa Dana eggs     

Andreas Hagemann  Gunvor Øie  Jan Ove Evjemo  Yngvar Olsen 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(1):57-68

The effects of light and short-term temperature elevation on the 48-h egg hatching success (HS) of cold-stored (2 °C) Acartia tonsa Dana (Copepoda: Calanoida) eggs were examined in the present study. The eggs can be stored for up to 7.5 months and maintain their high hatching rate under optimal conditions. Intensively produced eggs from the copepod A. tonsa may be hatched and used as an inoculum for producing copepod nauplii as live feed for fish larvae. The HS for eggs that were directly exposed to LED light declined rapidly after 1 month of storage (from 91 to 25 %), and these eggs did not hatch at all after 3 months of storage. The highest HS found was for eggs stored in complete darkness. The HS for eggs stored in normoxic (≥7 mg DO L^?1) and anoxic (≤0.03 mg DO L^?1) seawater was not affected by short-term temperature transitions from 2 °C up to 9 or 17 °C for a period of 12 or 24 h, when hatched 1 week post-exposure. The global mean HS for eggs stored in normoxic seawater was 85.9 % and significantly lower compared to eggs stored under anoxic conditions after 3 weeks of storage (91.8 %) (P = 0.001; SNK).  相似文献   

Multidisciplinary study of a Lateglacial-Holocene sedimentary sequence near Bologna (Italy): insights on natural and anthropogenic impacts on the landscape dynamics     

Vittori Antisari  Livia  Bianchini  Gianluca  Cremonini  Stefano  Di Giuseppe  Dario  Falsone  Gloria  Marchesini  Marco  Marvelli  Silvia  Vianello  Gilmo 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(2):645-662

Journal of Soils and Sediments - This study investigated a Lateglacial to Holocene sedimentary sequence derived from a small catchment located at San Lazzaro di Savena in the surroundings of...  相似文献