Latent heat flux estimation in clear sky days over Indian agroecosystems using noontime satellite remote sensing data     

Kaniska Mallick  Bimal K. Bhattacharya  V.U.M. Rao  D. Raji Reddy  Saon Banerjee  H. Venkatesh  Vyas Pandey  Gouranga Kar  Joydeep Mukherjee  Sarweshwar P. Vyas  Alaka S. Gadgil  N.K. Patel 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2009,149(10):1646-1665

A simplified evaporative fraction (Λ) based single-source energy balance scheme was tested with moderate resolution (1 km) noontime satellite observations to evaluate clear sky latent heat flux (λE) estimates over diverse agricultural landscapes. This approach uses two-dimensional (2D) scatter between land surface temperature (LST) and albedo to determine Λ. The operational utility of this scheme was demonstrated for estimating regional evapotranspiration and consumptive water use during rabi (November to April) crop growing season to predict pre-harvest wheat yield (error within 15.9% of reported mean) using time series data. The existence of triangular relations between Λ and LAI (leaf area index) or NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) was found with basal line (hypotenuse) linearly coupled with LAI or NDVI at low level of surface soil wetness. The analysis of diurnal course of in situ Λ proved the validity of constant-Λ hypothesis over pure, uniform, homogeneous crop canopies but showed irregular and wave-like patterns over heterogeneous, mixed crop canopies. The root mean square error (RMSE) of noontime and daytime average λE estimates with respect to in situ λE measurements were also smaller over homogeneous agricultural canopies (41 and 23 W m⁻²) with correlation coefficients (r) 0.94 and 0.96, respectively, from 135 clear sky datasets as compared to RMSE over heterogeneous ones (59 and 28 W m⁻² with r = 0.66 and 0.82, respectively from 22 datasets). The intercomparison with another Λ based approach (LST–NDVI 2D scatter) showed the supremacy of Λ determined from LST–albedo 2D scatter. The efficiency of LST–NDVI scatter was better during the dry down or water limited phases of crop growth only. The uncertainties of λE estimates were attributed to errors in core radiation budget inputs, relative loss of conservativeness of Λ due to canopy heterogeneity, and the inherent limitations of the single-source approach. There is further scope to reduce present λE uncertainties by combining the new findings on Λ (LST–albedo scatter)–NDVI triangular relations, diurnal Λ and two-source radiation budget.  相似文献   

Sclerotium rolfsii lectin expressed in tobacco confers protection against Spodoptera litura and Myzus persicae     

Gulamnabi L. Vanti  H. Vishwanathreddy  Hemalatha Venkat  Ganapati G. Bhat  Venkatesh Padmanabhan  N. S. Jayaprakash  Vamadevaiah Hiremath  Ishwarappa S. Katageri  Sathisha J. Gonchigar  Shashikala R. Inamdar  Bale M. Swamy 《Journal of pest science》2016,89(2):591-602

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Ancient noncoding elements conserved in the human genome     

Venkatesh B  Kirkness EF  Loh YH  Halpern AL  Lee AP  Johnson J  Dandona N  Viswanathan LD  Tay A  Venter JC  Strausberg RL  Brenner S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5807):1892

Cartilaginous fishes represent the living group of jawed vertebrates that diverged from the common ancestor of human and teleost fish lineages about 530 million years ago. We generated approximately 1.4x genome sequence coverage for a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii), and compared this genome with the human genome to identify conserved noncoding elements (CNEs). The elephant shark sequence revealed twice as many CNEs as were identified by whole-genome comparisons between teleost fishes and human. The ancient vertebrate-specific CNEs in the elephant shark and human genomes are likely to play key regulatory roles in vertebrate gene expression.  相似文献   

Life in High-Altitude Conditions     

Thuppil Venkatesh 《The Forestry Chronicle》2017,28(1):e2-e3

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Elucidation of zein isoforms associated with high protein quality traits for targeted improvement in maize-based nutrition     

Mehak Sethi  Alla Singh  Monika Garg  Venkatesh Chunduri  Parminder Kumar  Veena Devi  Firoz Hossain  Ramesh K. Phagna  Mamta Gupta  Dharam P. Chaudhary 《Cereal Chemistry》2024,101(2):418-430

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Tissue culture and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Agrobacterium</Emphasis>-mediated genetic transformation studies in four commercially important indica rice cultivars     

Sathish Sundararajan  Balaji Sivaraman  Venkatesh Rajendran  Sathishkumar Ramalingam 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(3):175-183

This research was undertaken to find an efficient tissue culture system and Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method for recalcitrant indica rice cultivars. For this, mature seeds of commercially important indica rice varieties, ASD16, ADT43, IR 64, and Pusa Basmati were cultured on MS and N6 medium supplemented with 2 mg l^-1 2, 4-D + 30 g l^-1 sucrose. The calli grown in N6 medium showed better friability and embryogenic response. Out of the four varieties tested, ASD16 and IR64 showed better callusing and embryogenic capacity as compared to ADT43 and Pusa Basmati. For genetic transformation studies, embryogenic calli of all the cultivars were co-cultivated with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 harboring the binary vector pCambia 1305.1 with GUS gene. GUS assay was performed for the putative transformed calli and its activity was found to be qualitatively higher in ASD16 and IR64 than the other two varieties. The best responsive ASD16 transformed calli was regenerated and the putative transgenic lines were regenerated. ASD16 transformed calli were confirmed by GUS assay. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of both GUS and HPT genes in ASD16 transgenic lines.  相似文献   

An artificial trispecific Eucalyptus hybrid: (E. camaldulensis Dehn. × E. tereticornis Sm.) × E. grandis Hill ex Maiden     

C. S. Venkatesh  V. K. Sharma 《Euphytica》1980,29(2):451-458

Summary Starting with a promising E. camaldulensis × E. tereticornis hybrid FRI-5, a (E. camaldulensis × E. tereticornis) × E. grandis trispecific hybrid FRI-13 was synthesized. The trispecific hybrids were generally intermediate between the parents in most juvenile traits but in some they strongly resembled E. grandis, thus proving their hybrid nature. About a fifth of the trispecific hybrid progeny displayed a stunted grass phase during early post-cotyledonary development, but later changed into nearly normal types. The potential practical value of multiple species crosses in Eucalyptus breeding and improvement is indicated.  相似文献   

Metabolomics technology to phenotype resistance in barley against <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gibberella zeae</Emphasis>     

G. Kenchappa Kumaraswamy  Venkatesh Bollina  Ajjamada C. Kushalappa  Thin M. Choo  Yves Dion  Sylvie Rioux  Orval Mamer  Denis Faubert 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,130(1):29-43

The mechanisms of resistance in barley to fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Gibberella zeae are complex. Metabolomics technology was explored to phenotype resistance. Spikelets of barley genotypes with contrasting levels of resistance to FHB, mock inoculated or with the pathogen, were extracted with aqueous methanol and the metabolites were analyzed using liquid chromatography and hybrid mass spectrometry. Peaks were de-convoluted using XCMS and annotated using CAMERA and IntelliXtract bioinformatics tools. A t-test, of a total of 1608 purified peaks, selected 626 metabolites with significant treatment effects, of which 161 were identified as resistance related (RR) metabolites. A total of 53 metabolites, that are RR or pathogenicity related (PR), were assigned with putative compound names. These mainly belonged to three metabolic pathways: fatty acid (jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, 9,10- dihydro-isojasmonate, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, traumatic acid), phenylpropanoid (p-coumaric acid, caffeyl alcohol, dimethoxy-4-phenylcoumarin, rosmarinic acid, diphyllin, 5-methoxypodophyllotoxin) and flavonoid (naringenin, catechin, quercetin, and alpinumisoflavone). A few PR/RR metabolites significantly reduced mycelial growth of G. zeae in vitro.  相似文献   

Whole-genome shotgun assembly and analysis of the genome of Fugu rubripes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Aparicio S  Chapman J  Stupka E  Putnam N  Chia JM  Dehal P  Christoffels A  Rash S  Hoon S  Smit A  Gelpke MD  Roach J  Oh T  Ho IY  Wong M  Detter C  Verhoef F  Predki P  Tay A  Lucas S  Richardson P  Smith SF  Clark MS  Edwards YJ  Doggett N  Zharkikh A  Tavtigian SV  Pruss D  Barnstead M  Evans C  Baden H  Powell J  Glusman G  Rowen L  Hood L  Tan YH  Elgar G  Hawkins T  Venkatesh B  Rokhsar D  Brenner S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,297(5585):1301-1310

The compact genome of Fugu rubripes has been sequenced to over 95% coverage, and more than 80% of the assembly is in multigene-sized scaffolds. In this 365-megabase vertebrate genome, repetitive DNA accounts for less than one-sixth of the sequence, and gene loci occupy about one-third of the genome. As with the human genome, gene loci are not evenly distributed, but are clustered into sparse and dense regions. Some "giant" genes were observed that had average coding sequence sizes but were spread over genomic lengths significantly larger than those of their human orthologs. Although three-quarters of predicted human proteins have a strong match to Fugu, approximately a quarter of the human proteins had highly diverged from or had no pufferfish homologs, highlighting the extent of protein evolution in the 450 million years since teleosts and mammals diverged. Conserved linkages between Fugu and human genes indicate the preservation of chromosomal segments from the common vertebrate ancestor, but with considerable scrambling of gene order.  相似文献   

Bibliometric Analysis of the Literature on Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.)     

Florian Diekmann  Robert A. Ford  S. Kent Harrison  Emilie E. Regnier  Ramaro Venkatesh 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(4):290-320

Giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) has become one of the most persistent and problematic weeds to farmers and allergy sufferers in North America over the last decades. This study aims to identify and assess the scholarly literature using a bibliometric analysis approach. Based on bibliographic records retrieved from the Web of Science database, the study describes the periodic growth of literature, scientific fields and journals, author productivity and collaborations, institutions and countries, and topical focus and uses article citation analysis to identify the most influential works in this research field during the period of 1903 to 2012.  相似文献