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31.
(-) Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), an active ingredient extracted from the Garcinia cambogia fruit rind, has been commonly used as a dietary supplement for weight management. Given the controversy over HCA related testicular toxicity in animal studies, we investigated changes in serum sex hormones levels as an extension of our previous double-blind placebo-controlled trial in human subjects, in which 44 participants received either G. cambogia extract (1667.3 mg/day equivalent to 1000 mg HCA/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Compared to the placebo group, administration of the extract did not significantly alter the serum testosterone, estrone, and estradiol levels. Similarly, hematology, serum triacylglycerol and serum clinical pathology parameters did not reveal any significant adverse effects. The results of this preliminary investigation indicate that ingestion of G. cambogia extract at dose levels commonly recommended for human use does not affect serum sex hormone levels and blood parameters. 相似文献
32.
Parmeshwar Lal Saran Ravish Choudhary Ishwar Singh Solanki Sezai Ercisli 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2016,58(3):199-202
The effect of temperature on germination and days taken for germination was evaluated in Carica papaya cvs., ‘Pune selection-3’ and ‘Pusa Dwarf’. The highest average seed germination per cent was observed in the month of July (96.8 and 93.0?%), followed by August (94 and 88.5?%), whereas the lowest average seed germination was observed in the month of January (44.2 and 36.8?%) in ‘Pune selection-3’ and ‘Pusa Dwarf’, respectively. Minimum number of days (5.17 and 6.33) was observed for germination in the month of July, whereas the maximum number of days (29.5 and 31) was taken in the month of January in both the cultivars, respectively. The average highest germination and seedling height was observed at temperature 29.8 °C and 29.5 °C during July and August, respectively, whereas the lowest was observed at temperature 14 °C and 15.9 °C during January and December, respectively. The optimum time for nursery sowing was July to August for autumn season crop under subtropical conditions of India. 相似文献
33.
Probal Jyoti Doley Kabita Sarma Pranab Chandra Kalita Ranjana Goswami Arup Kalita Rupan Sarkar Chethan Gollahalli Eregowda Parimal Roychoudhary Om Prakash Choudhary 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2023,52(2):223-233
The present study was undertaken to characterize the ultrastructural morphology of the blood cells of commonly reared chickens in the state of Mizoram, India under backyard poultry farming. For this study, 2 ml of whole blood was aseptically collected from the wings veins of 12 chickens of three different breeds namely the Zoar, Aseel and Rhode Island Red and processed for ultrastructural imaging under standard protocols. Under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the matured erythrocytes of Zoar, Aseel and Rhode Island Red appeared elliptical in shape while the leukocytes and thrombocytes appeared round in shape with variable surface modifications. Under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) the granules of the heterophils of Zoar, Aseel and Rhode Island Red appeared predominantly fusiform in shape, the granules of the eosinophils appeared round in shape and that of the basophils appeared pleomorphic in shape. The cytoplasm of the monocytes, medium-to-large lymphocytes and thrombocytes of Zoar, Aseel and Rhode Island Red under TEM appeared to be vacuolated and granular while that of the small lymphocytes appeared to be granular but non-vacuolated. The study concluded that the ultrastructural characteristics of the blood cells of the three breeds of chicken studied were almost similar to the blood cells of other birds reported earlier. 相似文献
34.
Dubey JP Hill DE Rozeboom DW Rajendran C Choudhary S Ferreira LR Kwok OC Su C 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,188(1-2):14-18
The ingestion of undercooked pork infected with Toxoplasma gondii is considered an important source of transmission of this parasite. While T. gondii infection in confinement raised market pigs (market pigs are typically used for fresh, unprocessed pork products) in the USA has decreased significantly over the last 20 years, infection levels in pigs with access to the outdoors can be quite high. An upsurge in consumer demand for 'organically raised', 'humanely raised' and 'free range' pork products has resulted in increasing numbers of hogs being raised in non-confinement systems. To determine T. gondii infection rate in these organic pigs, prevalence of T. gondii in organically raised pigs in two establishments (Farm 1, Farm 2) in Michigan was investigated. Serum and tissue samples from 33 pigs on the farm were available for T. gondii evaluation at slaughter. Serological testing was performed using both ELISA and the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies to T. gondii were detected by both ELISA and MAT in 30 of 33 animals with MAT titers of 1:25 in three, 1:50 in six, 1:100 in seven, 1:200 in 13, and 1:400 in one. Hearts of all 33 pigs were bioassayed for T. gondii in mice; T. gondii was isolated from 17 pigs including one from a seronegative (both ELISA and MAT) pig. Genetic typing of 16 of the 17 T. gondii isolates using the SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 and Apico loci revealed clonal Type II from Farm 1 and clonal Type III on Farm 2. These results revealed very high prevalence of T. gondii in organic pigs for the first time in USA, indicating potentially increased health risk of consuming organic swine products. 相似文献
35.
Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees (Acanthaceae), commonly known as Kalmegh is used both in Ayurvedic and Unani system of medicines for a number of ailments related to digestion, hepatoprotection, hypoglycemic, and as anti-bacterial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, vermicidal and antiacene. Ten accessions of A. paniculata from different sources were screened to assess the yield and its components besides andrographolides on three harvesting dates viz. 70, 100, 130 days after plantation corresponding to calendar months of September, October and November. The results revealed its successful growth in the subtropical region of Jammu, with last week of October ideal for obtaining maximum dry herbage (931.3 kg/ha) and total andrographolide yield (61.83 kg/ha), respectively. On the basis of leaf/stem ratio the relative estimates of total andrographolide is higher in October (46%) than September (15%) or November (39%). Accession Acc.1 and Acc.9 have been identified as the best sources for obtaining higher drug yield. 相似文献
36.
Gograj Singh Jat Anilabh Das Munshi Tusar Kanti Behera Harshwardhan Choudhary Prasanta Dash Amarnath Ravindran 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2019,94(1):24-32
Gynoecious is an important economic trait of cucumber for determinant of earliness and yield, yet genetic mechanism is not well understood for this trait. The experiment was conducted using F2 mapping population by crossing of PPC-2, a gynoecious and parthenocarpic line with Pusa Uday (monoecious and non-parthenocarpic cultivar). Out of 179 SSR markers screened, 39 markers differentiated the gynoecious and monoecious parents. However, only 17 markers were segregating with F2 mapping population, those were used for genotyping and linkage map analysis and these markers were placed along with F locus on chromosome 6 covering a total distance of 100.4cM. The SSR markers, SSR13251 and UW020605 were found to be closely linked to gynoecious (F) locus at 1.0 and 4.5 cM, respectively. The segregation of F2 population of PPC-2 × Pusa Uday and GPC-1 × Punjab Naveen and test crosses for sex type herein suggested that single dominant gene controlled the gynoecious sex expression in cucumber particularly in gynoecious genotypes PPC-2 and GPC-1. Therefore, the monogenic dominant nature of gynoecious sex identified in the present experiment and SSR markers closely linked to the F locus will be useful in marker-assisted backcross breeding for transfering gynoecious trait into horticulturally desirable varieties. 相似文献
37.
38.
Cultivation of bay leaves (Cinnamomum tamalaNees & Eberm) to fulfil household income needs is a long established practice in Udayapur district of Nepal. The practices adopted by farmers for bay leaf harvesting have not, however, been validated by scientific investigation for their sustainability. To investigate the impacts of harvesting on the yield of branch, leaves and biomass of leaves, a two-year research project was conducted in farm fields at Kopche village of Routa VDC in Udayapur district, Nepal. Four different harvesting treatments, the orien-tation and the order of branches were taken as independent variables to test their effects on number of branches, leaves and biomass of leaves. Orientation, harvesting treatments and order of branches had a significant effect on the number of branches, but not on the number of leaves or biomass (fresh and dry weight) of leaves in the year of harvest. Between two consecutive harvests there was no significant difference in the num-ber of branches, leaves or biomass. Lower two-thirds portion of the trees produced the largest number of leaves and branches of the fourth order in both years. Therefore, lower two-thirds portion of the trees were suitable for harvesting. Our findings support farmer experience that no change in productivity of leaves is observed when harvesting each year. For long term sustainability, harvesting should be conducted without debarking of trees or damage to branches. Our findings could be extrapolated to and tested in other areas with different access and user rights where the rota-tion for harvest is fixed or regulated without research evidence. 相似文献
39.
Sonali Prusty Madhu Mohini Shivlal Singh Kundu Ajay Kumar Chander Datt 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(1):65-70
Fifteen male Murrah buffalo calves (15–18 months, 227.98?±?4.44 kg body weight) were distributed randomly in to three equal groups and fed solely on either berseem (G1), oats (G2), or chicory fodder (G3). A digestibility trial followed by methane measurement using SF6 tracer technique was conducted. No significant difference was observed in nutrient intake; however, crude protein (CP) intake was lower in G2 (0.35 kg) than G1 (0.7) and in G3 (0.71) and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC), and neutral detergent insoluble CP (NDICP) intake was significantly (p?<?0.05) higher in G3 (1.54 and 0.31 kg) followed by G2 (1.27 and 0.2 kg) and G1 (1.06 and 0.18 kg). The digestible dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, and ether extract intake was similar in all the groups, whereas the digestible CP and NFC intake was lower in G2 compared to G1 and G3. Chicory- and berseem-fed groups emitted 12.2 and 5.2 % less methane than oats-fed group. However, no significant difference was observed in the absolute methane loss and methane loss as percentage of energy intake (p?>?0.05) among the groups. There was positive correlation between nutrient intake and total methane production. However, an inverse relationship was observed between total digestible carbohydrate intake and methane production (g/kg dry matter intake). The following regression equations were developed to estimate methane production: methane (g/kg BW) = 128.8553 + (167.7456 × dNDFI) + (216.32 × dCPI) ? (40.3313 × dNFCI) and methane (g/d) = ?1.7494 + (41.42 × NDFI) + (39.8686 × CPI) + (0.5197 × NFCI). 相似文献
40.
M. D. Pratheesh Nitin E. Gade Pawan K. Dubey Amar Nath T. B. Sivanarayanan D. N. Madhu Bhaskar Sharma Amarpal G. Saikumar G. Taru Sharma 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(2):139-148
Aim of the present study was in vitro expansion and characterization of caprine wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (cWJ-MSCs) to investigate their tissue healing potential in xenogenic animal model. Plastic adherent fibroblastoid cell populations with distinctive homogeneous morphology were isolated from caprine wharton’s jelly explants. These wharton’s jelly derived cells were found positive for the surface markers CD-73, STRO-1 and CD-105, whereas they were negative for hematopoetic stem cell marker CD-34. In vitro cultured cWJ-MSCs also showed differentiation properties into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages as demonstrated by von Kossa, Oil Red- O and Alcian blue staining respectively, which was further confirmed and quantified by flow cytometric analysis. Furthermore, these well characterized cWJ-MSCs were evaluated for the wound-healing potential in full-thickness skin wounds in rabbit model for 28 days. Caprine WJ- MSCs treated skin wounds showed significantly (P?<?0.05) higher percentage of wound contraction especially at the 21st day post transplantation when compared to PBS treated control group animals. Further, we observed better healing potential of cWJ-MSCs in terms of histo-morphological evaluation, epithelialisation and collagenization with matured vascularization stage by day 28 as compared to control. In conclusion, cWJ- MSCs provide an alternative inexhaustible source of mesenchymal stem cells and also unravel new perspectives pertaining to the therapeutic use of these cells in different species. 相似文献