Transgenic cucumber lines expressing the chimeric pGT::Dhn24 gene do not show enhanced chilling tolerance in phytotron conditions          下载免费PDF全文

Tomasz L. Mróz  Agnieszka Ziółkowska  Piotr Gawroński  Ewelina Pióro‐Jabrucka  Sylwia Kacprzak  Magdalena Mazur  Stefan Malepszy  Grzegorz Bartoszewski 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):468-476

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Evaluation of Surface Runoff Prediction by AnnAGNPS Model in a Large Mediterranean Watershed Covered by Olive Groves     

Demetrio Antonio Zema  Pietro Denisi  Encarnacin V. Taguas Ruiz  Jos Alfonso Gmez  Giuseppe Bombino  Diego Fortugno 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2016,27(3):811-822

The distributed parameter and continuous simulation Annualized Agricultural Non‐Point Source (AnnAGNPS) model was implemented in the watershed Anzur (Spain) covered by olive groves, to assess its prediction capability of surface runoff at the large watershed scale in semi‐arid conditions. A 5‐year database reporting hydrological, geomorphological and land use characteristics of the watershed allowed model implementation. Almost 180 surface runoff events were modelled by AnnAGNPS and compared with the corresponding observations through statistical indexes and grouping the runoff events in order to evaluate the model at different temporal scales (event, monthly and seasonal). AnnAGNPS evaluation showed that, in general, runoff was estimated by the default model with low accuracy at all the investigated time scales, likely, as a result of a simple representation of spatial variability. Calibration (by reducing initial curve numbers (CN) of the olive groves) provided more accurate and satisfactory predictions of event, monthly and seasonal runoff volumes with a low effort in the parameterisation approach. The best model performance was achieved at the event scale. The runoff prediction reliability may be attributable to the AnnAGNPS inaccuracy in adjusting CN values during the continuous simulation of the soil moisture conditions, because estimations of daily evapotranspiration values are quite realistic. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Recommendations for a preventive strategy to control red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus,Olivier) based on the use of insecticides and entomopathogenic nematodes     

G. Tapia  M. A. Ruiz  M. M. Téllez 《EPPO Bulletin》2011,41(2):136-141

The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), has been present in Andalusia since 1993 although its major expansion began in 2005. Currently, the implementation of an action protocol against the red palm weevil based on curative and preventive treatments has a high cost. The aim of this work is to establish a minimum frequency between preventive treatments that would reduce costs. Three frequencies of application were evaluated (at 45, 60 and 90 days).The results show that preventive treatments can decrease the reproductive potential of the pest, but do not prevent the infestation of palm trees. Preventive treatments every 60 days effectively reduce costs and increase the survival of the palm trees.  相似文献   

How successful are plant species reintroductions?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sandrine Godefroid  Carole Piazza  Graziano Rossi  Stéphane Buord  Albert-Dieter Stevens  Ruth Aguraiuja  Carly Cowell  Carl W. Weekley  Gerd Vogg  José M. Iriondo  Isabel Johnson  Bob Dixon  Doria Gordon  Sylvie Magnanon  Bertille Valentin  Kristina Bjureke  Rupert Koopman  Magdalena Vicens  Myriam Virevaire  Thierry Vanderborght 《Biological conservation》2011,(2):672-682

Reintroduction of native species has become increasingly important in conservation worldwide for recovery of rare species and restoration purposes. However, few studies have reported the outcome of reintroduction efforts in plant species. Using data from the literature combined with a questionnaire survey, this paper analyses 249 plant species reintroductions worldwide by assessing the methods used and the results obtained from these reintroduction experiments. The objectives were: (1) to examine how successful plant species reintroductions have been so far in establishing or significantly augmenting viable, self-sustaining populations in nature; (2) to determine the conditions under which we might expect plant species reintroductions to be most successful; (3) to make the results of this survey available for future plant reintroduction trials. Results indicate that survival, flowering and fruiting rates of reintroduced plants are generally quite low (on average 52%, 19% and 16%, respectively). Furthermore, our results show a success rate decline in individual experiments with time. Survival rates reported in the literature are also much higher (78% on average) than those mentioned by survey participants (33% on average). We identified various parameters that positively influence plant reintroduction outcomes, e.g., working in protected sites, using seedlings, increasing the number of reintroduced individuals, mixing material from diverse populations, using transplants from stable source populations, site preparation or management effort and knowledge of the genetic variation of the target species. This study also revealed shortcomings of common experimental designs that greatly limit the interpretation of plant reintroduction studies: (1) insufficient monitoring following reintroduction (usually ceasing after 4 years); (2) inadequate documentation, which is especially acute for reintroductions that are regarded as failures; (3) lack of understanding of the underlying reasons for decline in existing plant populations; (4) overly optimistic evaluation of success based on short-term results; and (5) poorly defined success criteria for reintroduction projects. We therefore conclude that the value of plant reintroductions as a conservation tool could be improved by: (1) an increased focus on species biology; (2) using a higher number of transplants (preferring seedlings rather than seeds); (3) taking better account of seed production and recruitment when assessing the success of reintroductions; (4) a consistent long-term monitoring after reintroduction.  相似文献   

Comparative effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and linoleic acid (LA) on the oxidoreduction status in THP-1 macrophages     

Rybicka M  Stachowska E  Gutowska I  Parczewski M  Baśkiewicz M  Machaliński B  Boroń-Kaczmarska A  Chlubek D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(8):4095-4103

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Evaluation of a blocking ELISA for the detection of antibodies against Lawsonia intracellularis in pig sera     

Magdalena Jacobson  Per Wallgren  Ann Nordengrahn  Malik Merza  Ulf Emanuelson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2011,53(1):23

Background

Lawsonia intracellularis is a common cause of chronic diarrhoea and poor performance in young growing pigs. Diagnosis of this obligate intracellular bacterium is based on the demonstration of the microbe or microbial DNA in tissue specimens or faecal samples, or the demonstration of L. intracellularis-specific antibodies in sera. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a blocking ELISA in the detection of serum antibodies to L. intracellularis, by comparison to the previously widely used immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT).

Methods

Sera were collected from 176 pigs aged 8-12 weeks originating from 24 herds with or without problems with diarrhoea and poor performance in young growing pigs. Sera were analyzed by the blocking ELISA and by IFAT. Bayesian modelling techniques were used to account for the absence of a gold standard test and the results of the blocking ELISA was modelled against the IFAT test with a "2 dependent tests, 2 populations, no gold standard" model.

Results

At the finally selected cut-off value of percent inhibition (PI) 35, the diagnostic sensitivity of the blocking ELISA was 72% and the diagnostic specificity was 93%. The positive predictive value was 0.82 and the negative predictive value was 0.89, at the observed prevalence of 33.5%.

Conclusion

The sensitivity and specificity as evaluated by Bayesian statistic techniques differed from that previously reported. Properties of diagnostic tests may well vary between countries, laboratories and among populations of animals. In the absence of a true gold standard, the importance of validating new methods by appropriate statistical methods and with respect to the target population must be emphasized.  相似文献   

Changes in HSP gene and protein expression in natural scrapie with brain damage     

Serrano C  Bolea R  Lyahyai J  Filali H  Varona L  Marcos-Carcavilla A  Acín C  Calvo JH  Serrano M  Badiola JJ  Zaragoza P  Martín-Burriel I 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):13

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Comparison of nutritional quality of the crops grown in an organic and conventional fertilized soil     

Juan Francisco Herencia  Pedro A. García-Galavís  José Antonio Ruiz Dorado  Celia Maqueda 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Organic farming is growing rapidly in its potential for producing healthy foods and has been adopted in a wide range of climate and soil types. The perception among consumers is that organically produced crops possess higher nutritional quality. However, there are many factors that can affect the nutritional quality of crops, and few studies have been able to account for these differences.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetic study of oral amitriptyline in horses     

Lucciana Recchi  Silvana Alvariza  Alejandro Benech  Natalie Ruiz  María José Estradé  Gonzalo Suarez  Nadia Crosignani 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(4):381-384

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of oral amitriptyline in horses. Oral amitriptyline (1 mg/kg) was administered to six horses. Blood samples were collected from jugular and lateral thoracic vein at predetermined times from 0 to 24 hr after administration. Plasma concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed using noncompartmental methods. Pharmacodynamic parameters including heart rate, respiration rate, and intestinal motility were evaluated, and electrocardiographic examinations were performed in all subjects. The mean maximum plasma concentration (C_max) of amitriptyline was 30.7 ng/ml, time to maximum plasma concentration (T_max) 1–2 hr, elimination half-life (t_1/2) 17.2 hr, area under plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) 487.4 ng ml⁻¹ hr⁻¹, apparent clearance (Cl/F) 2.6 L hr⁻¹ kg⁻¹, and apparent volume of distribution (Vd/F) 60.1 L/kg. Jugular vein sampling overestimated the amount of amitriptyline absorbed and should not be used to study uptake following oral administration. Heart rate and intestinal motility showed significant variation (p < .05). Electrocardiography did not provide conclusive results. Further studies are required to discern if multiple dose treatment would take the drug to steady state as expected, consequently increasing plasma concentrations.  相似文献   

Detection of citrus psorosis virus by RT-qPCR validated by diagnostic parameters     

Melina Simeone  Claudio Gómez  Ana Bertalmío  Esperanza Ruiz  Claudia Hauteville  Laura Godoy Suarez  Blas Tito  Maria L. García 《Plant pathology》2021,70(4):980-986

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