Relation between the low temperature stress and catalase activity in gladiolus somaclones (Gladiolus grandiflorus Hort.)     

T. Bettaieb  M. Mahmoud  J.I. Ruiz de Galarreta  P. Du Jardin 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

In order to evaluate low temperature tolerance of five variable somaclones as well as the cv. Peter Pears of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus Hort.) from which they were originated, catalase (CAT) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) level were measured. Before carrying out the analyses, vitroplants of these clones were exposed, during 21 days, to 8 °C temperature. In response to the stress generated by this low temperature, catalase (CAT) activity revealed on native gel and quantified by spectrophotometry, showed variable levels, being all of them higher compared to cultivar control. For these clones, strong CAT activities were always accompanied by low H₂O₂ levels. Thus, at low temperatures the antioxidants system of adapted clones is more active compared to control.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the fermentation dynamics of soluble crude protein from three protein sources in continuous culture fermenters     

Bach A  Ruiz Moreno M  Thrune M  Stern MD 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(6):1364-1371

Eight dual-flow continuous culture fermenters (1.03 +/- 0.05 L) were used to assess differences in microbial degradation of the soluble CP fraction of canola meal (CMSCP), soybean meal (SBMSCP), and fish meal (FMSCP) using a completely randomized design with two 9-d experimental periods and a solution of tryptone as a control treatment (control). All fermenters received the same basal diet (58% ground corn, 40% canary grass hay, 0.4% vitamin-mineral premix, 1% CaCO(3), 0.6% salt on a DM basis) in 8 equal portions daily. During sampling on the last 3 d of each period, 90-mL doses containing soluble CP were infused into the fermenters 30 min after the beginning of the first and last feedings of the day. The total amount of soluble CP supplied by the infusions of FMSCP, CMSCP, and SBMSCP was 3.2 g/d, representing 24% of the daily dietary CP intake. Infusion of FMSCP resulted in the greatest (P < 0.05) NH(3)-N concentration (4.6 +/- 0.40 mg/dL) compared with the other treatments (0.5 +/- 0.40 mg/dL). Microbial N flow (g/d) from the fermenters was also greatest (P < 0.05) with FMSCP (1.42 +/- 0.062) compared with the other soluble CP fractions (1.08 +/- 0.062). The efficiency of microbial protein synthesis tended to be lowest with the control diet, and the efficiency of N utilization was lowest with FMSCP treatment. These results indicate that N was limiting microbial growth in the control diet, and there was more rumen-available N with the FMSCP diet compared with the other dietary treatments. The extent of degradation of the soluble CP fraction from fish meal, soybean meal, and canola meal was determined to be 99, 30, and 37% of soluble CP, respectively. These results indicate that the soluble CP fraction is not 100% degraded in all feeds and that assuming a high degradation extent of the soluble CP fraction from soybean meal and canola meal may result in an underestimation of the supply of undegradable protein from these protein sources.  相似文献   

Genetic evaluation of reproductive potential in the Zatorska goose under a conservation program          下载免费PDF全文

Magdalena Graczyk  Krzysztof Andres  Ewa Kapkowska  Tomasz Szwaczkowski 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(5):752-759

The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and inbreeding effect on the fertility, embryo mortality and hatchability traits in the Zatorska goose covered by the animal genetic resources conservation program. The material for this study contains information about results of hatching of 18 863 eggs from 721 dams and 168 sires, laid between 1998–2015. Genetic parameters were estimated based on the threshold animal model by the use of Restricted Maximum Likelihood and Gibbs sampling. The percentage of fertilized eggs ranged yearly between 37–80%. The percentage of embryo mortality was very low, ranging between 4.63–23.73%. The percentage of the hatched goslings from the total number of analyzed eggs was on average 33.18%, and 53.72% from fertilized eggs. On average based on both methods, the heritability estimates of the fertility, embryo mortality and hatchability reached 0.36, 0.07, 0.24 for males and 0.44, 0.11, 0.32 for females. The genetic trend had increasing tendency for fertility and hatchability and was stable for embryo mortality for both sexes. The obtained result shows that the Zatorska goose can be still maintained in the reserves of the local gene pool according to current rules and use in the local market as a breed with good reproductive potential.  相似文献   

Water balance of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca L. cv. Búlida) under drip irrigation     

J. M. Abrisqueta  A. Ruiz  J. A. Franco 《Agricultural Water Management》2001,50(3):211-227

The water balance of drip irrigated apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca L. cv. Búlida grafted onto “Realfino” apricot rootstock) was determined during a 30-month-period. Two irrigation regimes based on the reduction coefficients of Class A pan evaporation (1 and 0.5) were used to determine the water consumed. The water balance parameters for these treatments are shown and discussed in detail. Overall, the trees receiving less water showed 35% less evapotranspiration. Crop coefficients calculated on the basis of the water balance over a 30-month-period led to a saving of almost 14% water, since the coefficients were slightly below those used in other apricot orchards in the same area.  相似文献   

Immune response in mice and cattle after immunization with a Boophilus microplus DNA vaccine containing bm86 gene     

Ruiz LM  Orduz S  López ED  Guzmán F  Patarroyo ME  Armengol G 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,144(1-2):138-145

Plasmid pBMC2 encoding antigen Bm86 from a Colombian strain of cattle tick Boophilus microplus, was used for DNA-mediated immunization of BALB/c mice, employing doses of 10 and 50microg, delivered by intradermic and intramuscular routes. Anti-Bm86 antibody levels were significantly higher compared to control mice treated with PBS. In the evaluation of immunoglobulin isotypes, significant levels of IgG2a and IgG2b were observed in mice immunized with 50microg of pBMC2. Measurement of interleukine (IL) levels (IL-4, IL-5, IL-12(p40)) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the sera of mice immunized with pBMC2 indicated high levels of IL-4 and IL-5, although there were also significant levels of IFN-gamma. Mice immunized with pBMC2 showed antigen-specific stimulation of splenocytes according to the incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine and IFN-gamma secretion. In all trials, mice injected intramuscularly with 50microg of pBMC2 presented the highest immune response. Moreover, cattle immunized with this DNA vaccine showed antibody production significantly different to the negative control. In conclusion, these results suggest the potential of DNA immunization with pBMC2 to induce humoral and cellular immune responses against B. microplus.  相似文献   

Epidemiological study of non-systemic parasitism in dogs in southeast Mediterranean Spain assessed by coprological and post-mortem examination     

Martínez-Carrasco C  Berriatua E  Garijo M  Martínez J  Alonso FD  de Ybáñez RR 《Zoonoses and public health》2007,54(5):195-203

The prevalence and risk factors of non-systemic canine ecto- and endoparasitism and anthelminthic use in Murcia located at the centre of the Spanish Mediterranean coastal arch, was investigated by coprology and necropsy in up to 275 pet, city shelter and stray dogs in 2001-2004. Faecal parasite stages were detected in 25% of dogs. Species frequency was 6-10% for Toxocara canis, Ancylostomatidae spp., Toxascaris leonina and Isospora canis, and 0.4-1% for Trichuris vulpis, Giardia lamblia, and Dipylidium caninum. Logistic regression indicated that the risk of intestinal parasitism was highest for dogs 相似文献   

Physiological response to pruning severity in Eucalyptus regnans plantations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Magdalena Lisboa  Eduardo Acuña  Jorge Cancino  Fernando Chao  Fernando Muñoz  Roque Rodríguez  Peter Volker 《New Forests》2014,45(6):753-764

The photosynthetic response to pruning was measured in two Eucalyptus regnans stands, aged 2 and 3 years, located in areas of high productivity on the coast of the province of Arauco, Chile. Variables such as rates of CO₂ assimilation and stomatal conductance were measured in three ages of foliage on trees with different pruning severity treatments, which corresponded to the removal of 0 % (control), 30, 50 and 70 % of live crown length. The 2-year-old stand measurements were performed at the time of pruning and 6, 10, 14 and 18 weeks later, and the 3-year stand, 5, 9, 18 and 28 weeks after pruning. In both trials, significant differences were found between the foliage ages for all instances of measurement showing the mature foliage the highest values up to 30 % higher than old foliage. There were also significant differences between pruning severity treatments in both trials in which, in general, the highest values of CO₂ assimilation were observed among the highest pruning severity treatments with values up to 40 % higher than the unpruned trees.  相似文献   

Use of Artificial Zeolites to Reduce Copper Toxicity to Two Marine Microalgae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Herlinda Gómez  Villa Domenico  Voltolina Mario  Nieves Pablo  Pínta Jose Lopez  Ruiz 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2002,33(2):214-219

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Investment Requirements in Extension to Achieve Zero Hunger and Adapt to Climate Change     

Magdalena L.Blum Judit Szonyi 《农业科学与技术》2014,(7):552-562

The study reflects on previous World Bank and FAO reports that made the general recommendation to set both research and extension investment targets in developing countries at 1% of agricultural gross domestic product （AgGDP）. In order to define proxies for country-specific extension investment targets, authors developed an extension investment model （EIM） based on socio-economic macro-indicators （poverty, undernourishment, access to information and population density） and a method to define estimates for cost increases related to climate change. These parameters helped estimating the demand for agricultural extension and investments required for it. Results showed that about half of the 94 developing and emerging countries should spend more than 1% of their respective share of GDP derived from agriculture and about a quarter of the countries, mostly in Africa and South East Asia, need to spend more than 2% of their AgGDP. The paper reveals significant differences in average investment requirements in different regions and shows the additional extension costs related to climate change and other areas that currently lack investment.  相似文献   

Mercury accumulation and resistance to mercury stress in Rumex induratus and Marrubium vulgare grown in perlite     

Eduardo Moreno‐Jiménez  Jesús M. Peñalosa  Elvira Esteban  Ramón O. Carpena‐Ruiz 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2007,170(4):485-494

Plants of Rumex induratus and Marrubium vulgare, collected in the mining area of Almadén, were transferred to pots and grown for 2 months using perlite as substrate and treated with soluble mercury (Hg) in the applied nutrient solution. Mercury resistance, Hg bioaccumulation, and some stress biomarkers were investigated in both plant species. Mercury concentration increased in both plant species in response to Hg supply, but R. induratus was more effective in Hg accumulation. Rumex induratus and M. vulgare showed higher [Hg]_shoot‐to‐[Hg]_root ratios than other plant species. Mercury in the growth medium perlite was also investigated, distinguishing soluble, available, and total amounts of Hg in the medium. At the lower doses, one half of the applied Hg was retained by perlite. Rumex induratus decreased the available Hg fraction in perlite more than M. vulgare. The bioaccumulation factor ([Hg]_plant/[Hg]_available) was similar in both species and similar as found in previous field studies. Plant growth, water content, and chlorophyll concentration, and nutrient translocation were reduced in both plant species by the Hg. Rumex induratus showed higher resistance and Hg‐accumulation capacity than M. vulgare, due to the accumulation of thiols in roots and the absence of a lipid oxidative response.  相似文献