Effect of hydrothermaled bran on physicochemical, rheological and microstructural characteristics of Sangak bread   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Laleh Mosharraf  Mahdi Kadivar  Mohammad Shahedi 《Journal of Cereal Science》2009,49(3):398-404

Increased consumption of whole grain products has been associated with decreased risk of health problems such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. Phytate however, has always been a matter of concern, since it chelates minerals such as iron. Sangak is very popular Iranian flat bread invented five hundred years ago, made from 95% extraction flour. The bread is fermented but usually fermentation is not able to remove all phytate from the dough. In this study flours were first debranned; resulting bran was subjected to a hydrothermal process. The hydrothermaled (HT) brans were then incorporated in the Sangak flour. In the next step, physicochemical, rheological and microstructural characteristics of Sangak flour and dough prepared from two Iranian wheat varieties, Tajan and Back Cross of Roshan were investigated. Results indicated a reduction in phytate up to 55% in the samples. The resulting dough containing HT bran showed a higher development time and valorimetric value and was more stable than doughs made with normal bran. Dough made with HT bran showed a kind of protein matrix in which proteins and starch granules are oriented in a more non-ordered structure.  相似文献   

Comparative Studies on the Green Algae Chlorella homosphaera and Chlorella vulgaris with Respect to Oil Pollution in the River Nile     

El-Sheekh  Mostafa M.  El-Naggar  Amal H.  Osman  Mohamed E. H.  Haieder  Ayman 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2000,124(1-2):187-204

The effect of oil pollution on growth and metabolic activitiesof the fresh water algae Chlorella homosphaera and C.vulgaris was studied. The study was conducted on two locationsin the river Nile, one is oil polluted and the other is notpolluted. The assemblage of the different algal groups wasmonitored in both locations. Chlorophyta was more dominant thanCyanophyta and Bacillariophyta in both locations during allseasons except in winter when Bacillariophyta is the mostdominant group. The presence of crude oil or its refineryproducts (solar and lubricating) in the culture media of algaemarkedly influenced their growth, proteins and nucleic acidcontents. The toxicity of oil was a concentration dependent. Thelow concentrations stimulated growth, protein content andnucleic acids, whereas high concentrations had an inhibitoryeffect. Although DNA and RNA responded similarly to crude oil inthe two tested organisms, DNA showed more sensitivity than RNAto solar oil. Lubricating oil had a little phytotoxic effect onnucleic acids. Different species of algae response differentiallyto oil pollution; Chlorella vulgaris can be referred to asoil-sensitive, while Chlorella homosphaera can toleraterelatively higher concentrations of oil.  相似文献   

Sensory Acceptability of the Autochthonous Fruits of Bosnia and Herzegovina     

Adnan Alihodzic  Fuad Gasi  Pakeza Drkenda  Asima Akagic  Amila Vranac  Mekjell Meland  Osman Music  Nermina Spaho 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2018,60(3):247-252

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Silver nitrate and adenine sulphate induced high regeneration frequency in the recalcitrant plant Cosmos bipinnatus using cotyledon explants     

Mahdi Jaberi  Behzad Gharehyazi  Mahmood Khosrowchahli  Ali Sharafi  Nafiseh Aboofazeli 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(2):204-208

Plant regeneration ability was studied in the medicinal-ornamental plant, Cosmos bipinnatus ‘Sonata white’, which is a dicotyledonous recalcitrant plant to shoot induction. Cotyledons were used as sources of explants to investigate plant regeneration. High frequency of direct shoot induction was obtained when BA (5 mg/l) and AgNO₃ (5 mg/l) were used in combination with 20 mg/l adenine sulphate (73.8%) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The highest shoot number per explant (5.7) was induced on MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l BA, 5 mg/l AgNO₃, and 40 mg/l adenine. Eight week-old shoots were transferred to root induction media containing MS and half-strength MS medium with different concentration of IBA. The highest rate of root induction (70.8%) was obtained on half-strength MS medium with 1.5 mg/l IBA within four weeks. The plantlets were transferred to pot and kept in the greenhouse condition. Seventy percent of the plantlets successfully acclimatised.

Abbreviations: BA, 6-benzylaminopurine; IBA, Indole-3-butyric acid; MS, Murashige and Skoog; PGRs, plant growth regulators.  相似文献   

Influence of potassium humate on biochemical and agronomic attributes of bean plants grown on saline soil     

Sahar S. Taha  Ashraf Sh. Osman 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(5):545-554

To study the effect of soil application of potassium humate (KH) (0, 70 and 140 Kg ha^?1) on agronomic, biochemical attributes, and yield and its components on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars ‘Bronco’ grown under two sites having different level of salinity (EC = 3.00 or 5.00 ± 0.20 dS m^?1). Two field trials were conducted at the Agriculture Test Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, in 2014 and 2015. The obtained results indicated that addition of KH increased all of the studied growth parameters, i.e. plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter and canopy dry weight. Moreover addition of KH significantly increased membrane permeability measurements. KH significantly increased chemical composition related to salt tolerant either inorganic e.g. N, P, K, and decreased Na and Cl contents of leaves or organic components e.g. chlorophyll a + b, carotenoids, anthocyanin total phenolics, total flavonoids and proline. DPPH radical-scavenging activity and yield and its components were increased. The soil application of KH was found to be highly effective at improving the growth and yield of bean plants by alleviating the inhibitory effects of soil salinity stress.  相似文献   

Effects of blend of canola oil and palm oil on nutrient intake and digestibility,growth performance,rumen fermentation and fatty acids in goats          下载免费PDF全文

Kazeem Dauda Adeyemi  Awis Qurni Sazili  Mahdi Ebrahimi  Anjas Asmara Samsudin  Abd Rasak Alimon  Roselina Karim  Saiful Anuar Karsani  Azad Behnan Sabow 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(9):1137-1147

The study examined the effects of blend of 80% canola oil and 20% palm oil (BCPO) on nutrient intake and digestibility, growth performance, rumen fermentation and fatty acids (FA) in goats. Twenty‐four Boer bucks were randomly assigned to diets containing 0, 4 and 8% BCPO on a dry matter basis, fed for 100 days and slaughtered. Diet did not affect feed efficiency, growth performance, intake and digestibility of all nutrients except ether extract. Intakes and digestibilities of ether extract, unsaturated fatty acids (FA) and total FA were higher (P < 0.05) while digestibility of C18:0 was lower (P < 0.05) in oil‐fed goats than the control goats. Total volatile FA, acetate, butyrate, acetate/propionate ratio and methane decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing BCPO but propionate, NH₃‐N and rumen pH did not differ between diets. Ruminal concentration of C18:0, n‐3 FA and total FA increased (P < 0.05) while C12:0, C14:0, C15:0 and n‐6 FA decreased with increasing BCPO. Analysis of the FA composition of Triceps brachii muscle showed that concentrations of C16:0, C14:0 and C18:2n‐6 were lower (P < 0.05) while C18:1n‐9, C18:3n‐3 and C20:5n‐3 were higher in oil‐fed goats compared with control goats. Dietary BCPO altered muscle lipids without having detrimental effects on nutrient intake and digestibility and growth performance in goats.  相似文献   

Einfluss langjährig differenzierter organisch‐mineralischer düngung auf den ertrag,die Ertragsstruktur und die Backqualität von Winterweizen     

Frank Ellmer  Osman Erekul  Wolfgang Köhn 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(5-6):423-444

Im Internationalen organischen Stickstoff‐Dauerdüngungsversuch (IOSDV) hatte die organisch‐mineralische Düngung starken, von der Jahreswitterung modifizierten Einfluß auf die Ertrags‐ und Qualitätsbildung von Winterweizen. Anhand von Blattflächenindex‐Messungen konnten Wachstum und Entwicklung des Winterweizens in Abhängigkeit von den geprüften Faktoren dargestellt werden. Auf den Kornertrag wirkte sich am stärksten die Jahreswitterung aus, gefolgt von der mineralischen N‐Düngung und der organischen Düngung. Dies beruhte auf den Bodenverhältnissen am Versuchsstandort. Trockenperioden während der Blütenbildungsphase, die insbesondere durch Wasserdefizite verursacht wurden, führten vor allem bei der Kornzahl je Ähre und Bestandesdichte zu starken Reduktionen. Im Mittel der Jahre wurde mit 60 kg/ha N‐Düngung das Erfragsoptimum erreicht. Höhere N‐Mengen waren nicht effektiv. Die organische Düngung in Form von “Stallmistdüngung”; und “Stroh‐, Grün‐, Rübenblattdüngung”; führte beim Winterweizen zu signifikanten Mehrerträgen, wobei die größten Unterschiede bei Verzicht auf Mineral‐N‐Düngung auftraten. Die Backqualität der B‐Weizensorte Ares war primär von der mineralischen N‐Düngung abhängig. Die erforderlichen Werte für Weichweizen wurden überwiegend erst mit 110 bzw. 160 kg/ha N Mineral‐N‐Düngung erreicht. Mit organischer Düngung und vor allem durch Rübenblattdüngung wurde die Backqualität des Weizens sowohl in den Varianten ohne Mineral‐N als auch in Kombination mit der mineralischen N‐Düngung verbessert.  相似文献   

Lebenszyklus von Meloidogyne incognita acrita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood (Nematoda,Heteroderidae) in Wurzeln der Baumwolle,Gossypium barbadense L     

M. E. Abdel-Hamid  Dr. F. M. Salem  H. R. Hamdia  Y. A. G. Osman 《Journal of pest science》1983,56(8):153-154

The incubation period ofM. incognita acrita eggs took 24–72 hours till the appearance of the second larval stage hatching from eggs in the laboratory at 25±5°C and at 60±5 R. H. The second larval stage, was observed in cotton roots 48 hours after the addition of it to soil beside cotton seedlings. The 3rd and 4th larval stage and adult female were observed in cotton roots 7, 11, and 24 days, respectively, after the addition of second larval stage to soil beside cotton seedlings. The total life cycle ofM. incognita acrita on cotton, (Gossypium barbadense) lasted for 33–38 days, at 25±5°C and at 60±5 R. H.  相似文献   

Versuche zur Reduzierung der Population von Tetranychus arabicus (Attiah) mittels Sprühens anorganischer Salzlösungen auf die Blätter     

A. A. Osman  G. Zohdy 《Journal of pest science》1976,49(3):41-42

Effect of some nutritional plant sprays on the population of Tetranychus arabicus (Attiah) (Acarina, Tetranychidae) Studies on the effect of inorganic compounds on the population density ofT. arabicus indicated that all materials gave over 50% reduction after 15 days except chromic chloride and magnesium oxide which gave only 33% each, while potassium iodine built up mites population. As such, these compounds are potentially important mites-control chemicals. Also data showed conclusively that inorganic compounds may be used as well to manipulate host plant resistance, as to correct crop nutritional difficiency. However, the mode of action and the time of application of these compounds under natural field conditions still need further investigations.   相似文献   

An evaluation of methods for characterising and monitoring gum arabic of commerce and related Acacia gums     

B. N. Chikamai  M. E. Osman  A. R. Menzies  W. B. Banks 《Wood Science and Technology》1995,30(1):49-61

Summary Three methods that have been suggested as inexpensive for characterisation of gum arabic were evaluated in characterising and monitoring gum arabic of commerce. The methods were; physico-chemical and carbohydrate analysis (analytical), determination of molecular mass by gel permeation chromatography (gpc) and an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The results revealed that gpc provides quick and consistent information on gum arabic of commerce from Acacia senegal. It was able to detect the three chemical species; Arabinogalactan protein complex (AGP), Arabinogalactan (AG) and Glycoprotein (GP) fractions that are typical of A. senegal and could differentiate gum from the two varieties of A. senegal, i.e., var. senegal and var. kerensis on the basis of the enhanced UV peaks in the later. It was able to distinguish gums from different Acacia species as well as suspected contaminants. The analytical method could differentiate between the two varieties of A. senegal on the basis of optical rotation, protein content and viscosity which were noted as basic parameters for comparison. However, where the proposed FAO (1990) specifiction was applied in its present form, it failed to adequately characterise gum from var. kerensis as gum arabic. Secondly, natural product variability i.e., the observed between sample variation made the method to have limited application in adequately characterising gum arabic from even a single source. The method was able to distinguish gums from the other Acacia species purely on the basis of optical rotation though information on nitrogen and sugar composition was also invaluable. Generating data on the composition of sugars requires time that militates against the method as a slow process. Because of the overlap in the analytical parameters for some samples, it could be adequately characterise two of the samples that were presented as suspected contaminants. Nonetheless, by combining information of gpc and analytical data, a better evaluation of the gums was achieved. The method of Elisa has a future scope but will require refining it by utilising monoclonal antibodies to be developed for it to be more specifc in characterising gum arabic from A. senegal. The authors wish to thank Dr. P. A. Williams of the North East Wales Institute, Deeside, Clwyd, UK for the use of the gpc and Elisa facilities. B.N.C. is grateful to the Kenyan and British governments for financial support.  相似文献