电阻抗分析法在大米浸泡和糊化过程中的应用     

江正强  李里特  丰田净彦  吹上舞 《中国农业大学学报》2000,5(2):107-111

用ＦＦＴ电阻抗分析法研究大米在浸泡和糊化过程中电阻抗的变化。采用“修正Ｈａｙｄｅｎ模型”的等价电路模型和非线性最小二乘法解析出细胞内电阻Ｒｓ、细胞外电阻Ｒｓ和相角ψ,从细胞组织方面分析这些变化的机理。  相似文献   

Distinct Distribution of Dicrocoelium dendriticum and D. chinensis in Iwate Prefecture,Japan, and a New Final Host Record for D. chinensis     

Maiko OHTORI  Mikiko AOKI  Tadashi ITAGAKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(10):1415-1417

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Synaptic integration mediated by striatal cholinergic interneurons in basal ganglia function     

Kaneko S  Hikida T  Watanabe D  Ichinose H  Nagatsu T  Kreitman RJ  Pastan I  Nakanishi S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,289(5479):633-637

The physiological role of striatal cholinergic interneurons was investigated with immunotoxin-mediated cell targeting (IMCT). Unilateral cholinergic cell ablation caused an acute abnormal turning behavior. These mice showed gradual recovery but displayed abnormal turning by both excess stimulation and inhibition of dopamine actions. In the acute phase, basal ganglia function was shifted to a hyperactive state by stimulation and suppression of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons, respectively. D1 and D2 dopamine receptors were then down-regulated, relieving dopamine-predominant synaptic perturbation but leaving a defect in controlling dopamine responses. The acetylcholine-dopamine interaction is concertedly and adaptively regulated for basal ganglia synaptic integration.  相似文献   

Immune response during the onset of coliform mastitis in dairy cows vaccinated with STARTVAC®     

Kazuhiro Kawai  Yasuha Kondo  Yasunori Shinozuka  Ryusaku Kawata  Sohei Kaneko  Hidetomo Iwano  Masafumi Enokidani  Aiko Watanabe  Fika Yuliza-Purba  Naoki Isobe  Tomomi Kurumisawa 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13502

The immune response during the onset of coliform mastitis in vaccinated cows was investigated by measuring lactoferrin (LF), interleukin-8 ( IL-8), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations and somatic cell counts in 28 milk samples at the onset of acute coliform mastitis (ACM) and 73 milk samples at the onset of peracute coliform mastitis (PCM). Vaccinated ACM, unvaccinated ACM, and vaccinated PCM showed significantly higher values for LF and IL-1β levels than unvaccinated PCM (p < .01). The IL-8 concentration was lower in vaccinated PCM than in unvaccinated PCM (p < .05). There was no significant difference in somatic cell counts for each parameter. There were no significant differences in the parameters between vaccinated and unvaccinated ACM cows, or vaccinated ACM and PCM cows. From the above results, it is suggested that mastitis vaccination improved the early immune response, particularly at the onset of PCM, and played a large role in host defense against the initial infection.  相似文献   

Soil ecosystem engineering by the train millipede Parafontaria laminata in a Japanese larch forest     

Ayu Toyota  Nobuhiro Kaneko  Masamichi T. Ito 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2006,38(7):1840-1850

Periodic swarming by adult train millipedes Parafontaria laminata (Attems, 1909) occurs in central Japan on an 8-year cycle, and the emergence of new adults is highly predictable. Millipede biomass reaches a maximum and feeding habits change upon the emergence of adults. Larvae are geophagous while adults feed on both litter and soil. We hypothesized that the shift in the developmental stages of P. laminata influenced the carbon dynamics in the soil and conducted a field mesocosm experiment in a larch plantation forest over 2 years (1999 and 2000) using three developmental stages: sixth- and seventh-instar larvae and adults. By experimentally manipulating millipede density at four levels, we obtained the following results: larvae were geophagous, while adults consumed both litter and soil (mixed-feeding) and consequently showed stronger density effects on litter decomposition rates than larvae; adult activities in the high-density treatment increased soil microbial biomass but not at low adult densities or at the larval stages; and adults increased the carbon accumulation in soil layers especially at high densities due to their mixed-feeding on litter and soil. We determined that due to synchronized postembryonic development with high densities and changes in feeding habits, the train millipede periodically sequestered carbon in this forest.  相似文献   

Nitrogen mineralization,N<Subscript>2</Subscript>O production and soil microbiological properties as affected by long-term applications of sewage sludge composts     

M.?Zaman  M.?Matsushima  S.?X.?Chang  K.?InubushiEmail author  L.?Nguyen  S.?Goto  F.?Kaneko  T.?Yoneyama 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2004,40(2):101-109

A field study was conducted to investigate the long-term effect of surface application of sewage sludge composts vs chemical N fertilizer on total N, total C, soluble organic C, pH, EC, microbial biomass C and N, protease activity, deaminase activity, urease activity, gross and net rates of N mineralization and nitrification, CO₂ evolution, and N₂O production. Soil samples were taken from five depths (0–15, 15–20, 20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 cm) of a long-term experiment at the University of Tokyo, Japan. Three fields have been receiving sewage sludge composted with rice husk (RH), sawdust (SD), or mixed chemical fertilizer NPK (CF), applied at the rate of 240 kg N ha^–1 each in split applications in summer and autumn since 1978. Significantly higher amounts of total N and C and soluble organic C were found in the compost than in the CF treatments up to the 40-cm soil depth, indicating improved soil quality in the former. In the CF treatment, soil pH values were significantly lower and electrical conductivity values were significantly higher than those of compost-treated soils of up to 50 cm depth. Soil microbial biomass C and N, CO₂ evolution, protease, deaminase, and urease activities were significantly higher in the compost than in the CF treatments due to greater availability of organic substrates that stimulated microbial activity. Gross N mineralization rates determined by ¹⁵N dilution technique were eight and five times higher in the SD and RH treatments than in the CF treatment, respectively, probably due to high levels of microbial and enzyme activities. Net N mineralization rates were also significantly higher in the compost treatments and were negative in the CF treatment indicating immobilization. Net nitrification rates were higher in compost treatments and negative in the CF treatment. Nitrous oxide productions from compost treatments were higher than the CF treatment due to the greater availability of mineral N as a result of higher mineralization and nitrification rates and soluble organic C in the former. Most of the measured parameters were highest in the surface soil (0–15 cm) and were significantly higher in the SD treatment than in the RH treatment.  相似文献   

Mapping a factor controlling the thermostability of seed lipoxygenase-1 in barley     

N. Hirota    T. Kaneko    K. Ito    K. Takeda 《Plant Breeding》2006,125(3):231-235

Barley lipoxygenase (LOX)‐1 is believed to affect the stability of flavour and the foam of beer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic variation of the LOX‐1 thermostability, and to analyse the mode of inheritance of this trait. A simple method was established to evaluate the LOX‐1 relative thermostability (LOX‐RTS). With this method, 153 barley cultivars were screened for LOX‐RTS. The frequency of the LOX‐RTS values was distributed in a bimodal manner. Based on these values, the barley lines were categorized into two groups: an H‐type with relatively thermostable LOX‐1 and an L‐type with relatively thermolabile LOX‐1. Using a ‘Steptoe’/‘Morex’ doubled haploid population, a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with LOX‐RTS was identified on chromosome 4H of barley, explaining 82% of the variance. Mapping of a CAPS marker specific for the LoxA locus revealed co‐segregation with this QTL. In this study, the existence of the thermostability types of barley seed LOX‐1 and the locus controlling the thermostability were made clearer.  相似文献   

Sacha inchi meal as a fish-meal replacer in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus) feeds: effects on dietary digestibility,growth metrics,hematology, and liver and intestinal histology     

Khieokhajonkhet  Anurak  Aeksiri  Niran  Rojtinnakorn  Jiraporn  Van Doan  Hien  Kaneko  Gen 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(2):677-698

Aquaculture International - The utilization of sustainable and innovative raw materials to substitute for traditional fishmeal (FM) ingredients is required for the aquaculture sector. Sacha inchi...  相似文献   

In memoriam     

Toyoji Kaneko 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(6):1211-1211

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Rapid identification of eels <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anguilla japonica</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anguilla anguilla</Emphasis> by polymerase chain reaction with single nucleotide polymorphism-based specific probes     

Shiro?Itoi  Misako?Nakaya  Gen?Kaneko  Hidehiro?Kondo  Keijiro?Sezaki  Shugo?WatabeEmail author 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(6):1356-1364

ABSTRACT:   Standard molecular techniques, such as sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification are relatively complicated, and species identification can take a long time when using such techniques. We established a quick method, using PCR with species-specific TaqMan Minor Groove Binder (MGB) probes based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to distinguish the two eel species Anguilla japonica and Anguilla anguilla . This method can be used in processed products. Partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene were compared between A. japonica and A. anguilla to design a primer pair common to both A. japonica and A. anguilla and probes specific to A. japonica and A. anguilla . Different fluorescence intensities were produced in two PCR microtubes each containing A. japonica - and A. anguilla -specific probes for one target sample. We observed the fluorescence intensity of PCR products in microtubes under ultraviolet transillumination, with similar results to those obtained by real-time PCR. Therefore, SNP-based PCR is a powerful tool for identifying materials of processed foods from either A. japonica or A. anguilla .  相似文献