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81.
Yuuki Kawabata Kimio Asami Masato Kobayashi Taku Sato Koichi Okuzawa Hideaki Yamada Kenzo Yoseda Nobuaki Arai 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(3):345-355
In this study, the effect of shelter acclimation on the post-release movement and putative predation mortality of hatchery-reared
black-spot tuskfish Choerodon schoenleinii was examined using acoustic telemetry. We acclimated four 1-year-old fish to shelters in cages before release and compared
their movements with six nonacclimated fish. Since it was not possible to compare the behavioral pattern between the former
and the latter fish due to the short periods the latter fish were available to be monitored, we also compared their movements
with those of large nonacclimated fish that were less likely to be preyed upon. Sixty-seven percent of the nonacclimated fish
showed atypical movements before the signals ceased to be detected, a pattern that suggested a predation event had occurred,
whereas none of the acclimated and large nonacclimated fish showed the atypical movements. In addition, the probability of
detection cessation was about 13 times lower in the acclimated than nonacclimated fish. The signal detection patterns suggest
that the acclimated fish utilized night-time shelters from the first night after release, while the large nonacclimated fish
started to utilize shelters several days after release. Therefore, it is likely that the shelter acclimation enhanced the
shelter utilization by tuskfish, possibly decreasing post-release predation mortality. 相似文献
82.
Haruo Shindo Daisuke Watanabe Tatsuya Onaga Makiko Urakawa Osamu Nakahara Qiaoyun Huang 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):763-767
Abstrac The effects of 3 oxides (Fe, Al, and Mn oxides) and 3 clay minerals (kaolin, montmorillonite, and allophane) on the adsorption and subsequent kinetic properties of acid phosphatase were compared. The amount of enzyme adsorbed by the oxides and clay minerals followed the order: montmorillonite ? kaolin > Mn oxide > Fe oxide > Al oxide ? allophane. The adsorption isotherms of the enzyme on the oxides and clay minerals, except for montmorillonite and allophane, fitted the Langmuir equation. The activity of the enzyme immobilized by the inorganic components studied was in the order of allophane > kaolin > Fe oxide > montmorillonite > Al oxide ≒ Mn oxide. Compared to the free enzyme, the V max, Km, and V max / K m values of the immobilized enzyme decreased, increased, and decreased, respectively. Among the oxides or clay minerals, the higher the ability of the inorganic components to adsorb the enzyme, the lower the value of the V max / K m ratio of the immobilized enzyme. These findings suggest that the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme complexes formed is determined by the adsorbability of the inorganic components for the enzyme. 相似文献
83.
Reina Sasaki Masao Yoshida Yutaka Ohtsu Miki Miyahira Hiroyuki Ohta Makiko Watanabe 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):575-582
The early stage of weathering / soil formation processes from new volcanic mudflow (new lahar materials) brought from Mt. Pinatubo was examined. For this purpose, comparative studies on the physical / chemical characteristics of the new lahar materials and soils formed by the deposition of old lahar materials were conducted. Original soils contained less coarse sand, more silt, and clay than the new lahar materials. Increase in the clay content of the original soils reflected the progression of weathering. The occurrence of a higher leaching process of Fe, Ca, and Mg and of a moderate accumulation of organic matter in the original soils was suggested, based on the differences in the soil elemental composition and chemical properties. Values of base saturation and phosphate absorption coefficient (PAC) of the new lahar materials were 388% and 44, while those of all the original soils ranged 15–160% and 55–894, respectively. With the progression of weathering, the PAC value tended to increase gradually while the base saturation value decreased abruptly under the environmental conditions prevailing in the Philippines. 相似文献
84.
Hiromichi Mitamura Nobuaki Arai Yukiko Yamagishi Yuuki Kawabata Yasushi Mitsunaga Metha Khachaphichat Thavee Viputhanumas 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(1):175-182
The horizontal and vertical movements of eight immature hatchery-reared (F2) Mekong giant catfish Pangasianodon gigas were monitored using acoustic telemetry in the Mae Peum reservoir, Thailand, from September to December 2005. All tagged
fish were successfully monitored throughout the study period. All fish moved throughout the reservoir for approximately 1 month
after release. Subsequently, their utilized areas became small, and the fish utilized deep areas of the reservoir. The fish
displayed diel spatial movement patterns between deep areas in the day and shallow areas in the night. The vertical movements
of the fish were related to the environment declination such as existence of hypoxic water and thermocline. Our results suggest
that the establishment of a protected area in addition to conventional fisheries regulations may sustain the fish population
in this reservoir. 相似文献
85.
86.
Stability of canine distemper virus (CDV) after 20 passages in Vero-DST cells expressing the receptor protein for CDV 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lan NT Yamaguchi R Kawabata A Uchida K Kai K Sugano S Tateyama S 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,118(3-4):177-188
Isolates 007Lm, S124C and Ac96I and a Vero cell-adapted Onderstepoort strain of canine distemper viruses (CDV) were examined for stability after passages in Vero cells expressing the canine signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (dogSLAM, the intrinsic receptor to CDV). These viruses passage once in Vero cells expressing dogSLAM (Vero-DST) cells (original) and after 20 passages (20p) were compared by using sequence analyses and growth characteristics. All four strains of 20p grew well and were slightly better than their originals. The 20p viruses developed a cytopathic effect slightly lower than the original strains. A few changes in amino acids in the H gene were between the 20p and the original viruses, but the sites of changes were not specific. Fragments of P, M and L genes of all strains showed no nucleotide changes after the passages. These results showed that: (1) passages of CDVs in Vero-DST cells induced amino acid changes only in the H gene, not in the P, M and L genes, unlike in a previous study with Vero cells; (2) passages did not markedly affect the growth characteristics of every viral strain. These results indicate that Vero cells expressing canine SLAM allow the isolation and passaging of CDV without major changes in viral genes. 相似文献
87.
Min Yang Luchuanyang Sun Yasunosuke Kawabata Fumihito Murayama Takahiro Maegawa Takeshi Nikawa Katsuya Hirasaka 《Marine drugs》2022,20(5)
Balenine is one of the endogenous imidazole dipeptides derived from marine products. It is composed of beta-alanine and 3-methyl-L-histidine, which exist mainly in the muscles of marine organisms. The physiological functions of dietary balenine are not well-known. In this study, we investigated whether the supplementation of dietary balenine was associated with muscle function in a cardiotoxin-indued muscle degeneration/regeneration model. Through morphological observation, we found that the supplementation of balenine-enriched extract promoted the regeneration stage. In addition, the expression of regeneration-related myogenic marker genes, such as paired box protein 7, MyoD1, myogenin, and Myh3, in a group of mice fed a balenine-enriched extract diet was higher than that in a group fed a normal diet. Moreover, the supplementation of balenine-enriched extract promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines at the degeneration stage. Interestingly, phagocytic activity in the balenine group was significantly higher than that in the control group in vitro. These results suggest that balenine may promote the progress of muscle regeneration by increasing the phagocytic activity of macrophages. 相似文献
88.
Makiko Watanabe Takashi Kado Hiroyuki Ohta Nobuhide Fujitake 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):569-575
Granulometric and clay mineralogical analyses were performed on soil types differing in their genesis which had been formed on the raised coral limestone terraces and plateaux under the perhumid subtropical maritime climate of the Ryukyu Islands. The amount of clay fraction in Rendzina-like soil on the lower terrace was relatively small (8-34%) and decreased with depth, while those in Terra fusca-like soils on the middle terraces and in Terra rossa-like soil on the plateau were very large (45–78%) suggesting the occurrence of clay migration. Rendzina-like soil mainly contained illite and metahalloysite with a moderate amount of mixed layered mineral consisting of illite and vermiculite, and a small amount of vermiculite, Al-vermiculite, goethite, and quartz. Clay mineral composition of Terra fusca-like and Mottled Terra fusca-like soils was similar to that of Rendzina-like soil except that the content of illite was lower in these soils. Terra rossa-like soil, on the other hand, mainly contained Al-vermiculite, metahalloysite, and gibbsite, indicating a highly advanced stage of hydroxyaluminium interlayering. Differences in clay mineral composition from that of Rendzina, Terra fusca, and Terra rossa soils in the European countries were recognized, in that mont-morillonite was absent and hydroxyaluminium interlayering actively proceeded in the soils studied here. This finding is considered to reflect the rapid alteration and intense hydroxyaluminium interlayering of clay minerals under the perhumid subtropical conditions. 相似文献
89.
Makiko Watanabe Nobuhide Fujitake Hiroyuki Ohta Takushi Yokoyama 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):411-418
The morphology and chemical composition of fungal sclerotium-like grains collected from the buried humic horizon of volcanic ash soil in Mt. Myoko were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersion xray micro-analyzer (EDX), and electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). A high C content, low level of Si and high concentration of Al characterized the grains considered to correspond to the sclerotia of Cenoccocum graniforme. The 27Al MAS NMR spectrum of the sclerotia showed the existence of 6- and 4-coordinated Al. X-ray diffraction analyses supported the presence of amorphous Al (ex. Al-humus complex) in the sclerotia. 相似文献
90.
Toshifumi Minamoto Mie N. Honjo Hiroki Yamanaka Nobuyuki Tanaka Tomoaki Itayama Zenichiro Kawabata 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(3):530-532
The disease caused by cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3) severely impacts the natural freshwater ecosystem and damages carp and koi farming, however, the pathway of CyHV-3 transmission remains unclear. It is possible that the virus adheres to plankton, which then facilitate viral movement and transmission, and therefore, it is hypothesised that plankton are involved in the disease dynamics. In this study, plankton were collected at eight sites in the Iba-naiko lagoon; we detected and quantified CyHV-3 DNA from plankton samples. The results of the correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between CyHV-3 copies and the number of Rotifera, suggesting that CyHV-3 binds to and/or is concentrated by Rotifera. Our results suggest that plankton affect viral ecology in the natural environment. 相似文献