Microscopic, Biochemical and Physiological Assessment of the Effect of Methylene Bisthiocyanate on the Sapstain Fungus Ophiostoma floccosum     

Tripti Singh  Bernhard Kreber  Adya Singh  Alison Stewart  Marlene Jaspers 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2006,114(3):317-328

In vitro effects of methylene bisthiocyanate (MBT) on hyphal morphology and ultra-structure of Ophiostoma floccosum were examined using differential interference contrast, epifluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To understand the mode of action of MBT, experiments were undertaken to measure potassium ion (K⁺) leakage from cells, oxygen consumption, glucose and ATP levels. Differential interference contrast microscopy indicated that MBT caused rapid changes in O. floccosum hyphae resulting in extensive vaculoation and accumulation of granular materials within the cytoplasm. Epifluorescence microscopy provided evidence that MBT treatment causes a loss in the permeability properties of the plasma membrane. TEM showed retraction of the plasma membrane from the cell wall, aggregation of cytoplasmic contents, vesiculation of membranous components, a dramatic increase in vacuolation, and eventually a complete loss in the integrity of organelles. There was a rapid efflux of intracellular K⁺ ions from cells, a substantial loss in K⁺ ions occurring within the first 5 min of MBT treatment. The rate of K⁺ leakage was MBT concentration treatment-time dependent. The study also showed that the effect of lower concentrations of MBT (0.01 and 0.1 mM) on respiratory activity was negligible. However, at the same concentrations, glucose consumption and ATP production were affected. Taken together, these observations suggest that the target site of MBT in O. floccosum alters membrane properties and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation from the respiratory chain.  相似文献   

Ontogenetic development of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) from hatch through yolk absorption     

Kimberly A. Chojnacki  Marlene J. Dodson  Amy E. George  James S. Candrl  Aaron J. DeLonay 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2023,32(1):209-231

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An Analysis of Water Quality in the Colorado River, 2003–04; An Investigation Into Recurring Outbreaks of Norovirus Among Rafters     

Ellen L. Jones  Marlene Gaither  Adam Kramer  Charles P. Gerba 《The Forestry Chronicle》2009,20(1):6-13

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Five patellar proximodistal positioning indices compared in clinically normal Greenland sled dogs     

Miles JE  Dickow M  Nielsen DH  Jensen BR  Kirpensteijn J  Svalastoga EL  Eriksen T 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(2):529-534

Patellar luxation in large-breed dogs is associated with abnormal proximodistal patellar positioning. Using a clinically normal population of Greenland sled dogs, measurement reliability and the effect of limb position were compared for five patellar proximodistal positioning indices based on the Insall-Salvati (IS), modified Insall-Salvati (mIS), de Carvalho (dC), patellotrochlear (PT) and Blackburne-Peel (BP) indices. Indices were measured at one knee angle in 44 dogs and two knee angles in 10 dogs. Index susceptibility to error was modelled for different errors in knee angle estimation. Two reported techniques for determining knee angle were compared in a fox hind limb model. Indices dC and PT were significantly affected by knee angle (P<0.001). Error susceptibility was the lowest for IS and the greatest for PT. Intra- and inter-observer agreements were moderate to substantial for all indices. Measurement precision was good for all indices except BP. Patellar ligament laxity significantly affected IS, mIS, dC and BP (P<0.05). Knee angle measurements were technique dependent, with a bias of 9° to 13° and limits of agreement of ±5°. All five indices were reliable, but precision varied. For pre- and post-operative comparison, dC showed less error susceptibility than PT and better precision than BP. An ideal index for clinical use remains to be defined; the best option is dC, although with limitations. The method of knee angle measurement must be defined prior to index measurement and comparison of index values. Index values may vary with species and/or body size.  相似文献   

Incidence and distribution of botryosphaeriaceous species in New Zealand vineyards     

Jeyaseelan Baskarathevan  Marlene V. Jaspers  E. Eirian Jones  Hayley J. Ridgway 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,132(4):549-560

The aim of this study was to determine the identification, incidence and distribution of botryosphaeriaceous species in New Zealand vineyards. A field study of 43 vineyards across six wine growing regions was conducted. A total of 336 isolates of botryosphaeriaceous species were isolated from 238 diseased grapevine samples. Morphological identification and phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal RNA gene region, partial sequence of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (EF1-α) and the β-tubulin gene identified nine botryosphaeriaceous species: N. parvum, N. luteum, N. australe, N. ribis, D. mutila, D. seriata, B. dothidea, Do. iberica and Do. sarmentorum. These species have been reported in other grape growing regions worldwide. Eighty eight percent of vineyards and 68% of symptomatic vines sampled were positive for botryosphaeriaceous species. Incidence and distribution of the botryosphaeriaceous species populations varied between the North and South Islands with N. parvum being the predominant species. The variability in incidence and distribution of the botryosphaeriaceous species may be influenced by climatic conditions and different sources of inoculum in the regions sampled. The results of this research clearly identified botryosphaeriaceous species as the target pathogens for development of management strategies for grapevine decline in New Zealand.  相似文献   

Interaction of Tritrichomonas foetus and the bovine oviduct in an organ culture model     

Benchimol M  Dias AB  Fontes R 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,140(3-4):244-250

Tritrichomonas foetus is an extracellular parasite of the reproductive tract in cattle. The mechanism by which T. foetus causes abortion in cattle is largely unknown. There are no studies of infection in the cow oviducts, almost all published papers are related to vagina infection and few articles focusing on the uterus. The aim of the present study was to establish a working model of bovine oviduct epithelial cells and submit these cells to Tritrichomonas foetus interaction. Twenty bovine oviducts were obtained from cows at a commercial abattoir and T. foetus was injected through the isthmus into the oviduct lumen. The whole oviduct was analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results reported here demonstrate that: (1) fresh whole oviducts can be used as a good model to study parasite-host cell interaction; (2) cow oviduct epithelium has been shown to consist of two cell types: ciliated and nonciliated secretory cells, and T. foetus displayed great specificity for the nonciliated cells localized in the deeper oviduct folds; (3) T. foetus adheres as single separate cells, and maintains the flagella externalized; (4) differently from T. vaginalis, T. foetus does not change its shape during the adhesion process; and (5) oviduct cells exhibited morphological characteristics of apoptosis after trichomonadal interaction.  相似文献   

Idiopathic solitary cutaneous xanthoma in a dog     

Banajee KH  Orandle MS  Ratterree W  Bauer RW  Gaunt SD 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2011,40(1):95-98

A 6-year-old female spayed Boxer mix dog was presented with multiple cutaneous masses, one of which was determined to be a xanthoma. Fine-needle aspirates of this mass revealed large round cells that were consistent with macrophages. These macrophages had lightly basophilic cytoplasm that was filled with many clear circular spaces that varied in size. The nuclei of these cells displayed mild anisokaryosis with condensed chromatin and lacked prominent nucleoli. The cytologic interpretation was lipid-laden histiocytic inflammation most consistent with a cutaneous xanthoma, which was confirmed histologically. Mild hypertriglyceridemia and persistent moderate hypercholesterolemia were present. After ruling out other causes of hyperlipidemia, we concluded that the dog likely had idiopathic hyperlipidemia with secondary xanthoma formation.  相似文献   

Incidence and risk factors associated with development of clinical cardiotoxicity in dogs receiving doxorubicin     

Briana E. Hallman  Marlene L. Hauck  Laurel E. Williams  Paul R. Hess  Steven E. Suter 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(2):783-791

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PREOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY FOR VACCINE ASSOCIATED SARCOMA IN 92 CATS     

Tetsuya  Kobayashi  DVM  Marlene L.  Hauck  DVM  PhD  Richard  Dodge  MS  Rodney L.  Page  DVM  MS  G. Sylvester  Price  DVM  PhD  Laurel E.  Williams  DVM  Elizabeth M.  Hardie  DVM  PhD  Kyle G.  Mathews  DVM  MS  Donald E.  Thrall  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(5):473-479

Medical records for 92 cats with a vaccine associated sarcoma receiving preoperative irradiation, with or without chemotherapy, between December 1985 and September 1998 were reviewed. The purposes were to quantify response to treatment and to attempt identification of factors associated with favorable response. Variables evaluated for a relationship to outcome included signalment, tumor location, presence of gross vs. microscopic tumor, radiation field size, irradiation technique, type of surgical procedure, completeness of excision, and chemotherapy (none, carboplatin alone, and others). Time to first event was calculated for the first day of treatment until local tumor recurrence or metastasis, or the date of euthanasia or death. Median time to first event for all 92 cats was 584 days. Only completeness of surgical excision was related to the time to first event. Median time to first event in cats having complete surgical excision was 986 days compared to 292 days for cats with incomplete excision (P = 0.004). Cats requiring bone removal to effect tumor removal had earlier failure than cats having other types of surgery. There was not a significant relationship between administration of chemotherapy or chemotherapy type and time to first event although outcome in cats receiving carboplatin was better than all other treatment groups. Carboplatin addition to preoperative irradiation appears worthy of further study. Preoperative irradiation is an effective treatment for cats with vaccine associated sarcoma, especially if complete excision can be accomplished following irradiation.  相似文献   

Urticaria pigmentosa-like disease in a dog     

Marlene S. Pariser  Dunbar W. Gram 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2015,56(3):245-248

Urticaria pigmentosa is a rare dermatologic syndrome in humans, cats, and dogs. This report documents a case of canine urticaria pigmentosa-like disease with unusual features and no C-kit mutation.  相似文献