Export of live cattle     

Bolam M 《Australian veterinary journal》2003,81(10):599

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In vitro evaluation of the distribution of blood flow within a canine bipedicled latissimus dorsi muscle flap     

Monnet E  Rooney MB  Chachques JC 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(10):1255-1259

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In vitro anion transport alterations and apoptosis induced by phenylbutazone in the right dorsal colon of ponies     

Richter RA  Freeman DE  Wallig M  Whittem T  Baker GJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(7):934-941

OBJECTIVES: To study the functional and structural responses of the right dorsal colon (RDC) of ponies to phenylbutazone (PBZ) in vitro at a concentration that could be achieved in vivo. ANIMALS: 8 adult ponies. PROCEDURE: Short circuit current and conductance were measured in mucosa from the RDC. Tissues incubated with and without HCO3- were exposed to PBZ, bumetanide, or indomethacin. Bidirectional Cl- fluxes were determined. After a baseline flux period, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was added to the serosal surfaces and a second flux period followed. Light and transmission electron microscopy were performed. RESULTS: Baseline short circuit current was diminished significantly by PBZ and indomethacin, and increased significantly after addictions of PGE2. After PGE2 was added, Cl- secretion increased significantly in tissues in HCO3- -free solutions and solutions with anti-inflammatory drugs, compared with corresponding baseline measurements and with control tissues exposed to PGE2. Bumetanide did not affect baseline short circuit current and Cl- fluxes. The predominant histologic change was apoptosis of surface epithelial cells treated with PBZ and to a lesser extent in those treated with indomethacin. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Prostaglandin-induced Cl- secretion appeared to involve a transporter that might also secrete HCO3-. Both PBZ and indomethacin altered ion transport in RDC and caused apoptosis; PBZ can damage mucosa through a mechanism that could be important in vivo. The clinically harmful effect of PBZ on equine RDC in vivo could be mediated through its effects on Cl- and HCO3- secretion.  相似文献   

Transvenous retrograde portography for identification and characterization of portosystemic shunts in dogs     

Miller MW  Fossum TW  Bahr AM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(11):1586-90, 1574

Transvenous retrograde portography for identification and characterization of portosystemic shunts in dogs A method for transvenous retrograde portography (TRP) in dogs suspected to have a portosystemic shunt (PSS) and results in 20 dogs are described. For TRP, dogs were anesthetized and positioned in left lateral recumbency A dual-lumen balloon-tipped catheter was inserted into the right jugular vein and advanced into the azygos vein. The balloon was inflated to occlude the azygos vein, and contrast material was injected during fluoroscopic evaluation. The catheter was then positioned in the caudal vena cava just cranial to the diaphragm. The balloon was again inflated to occlude the vena cava, and contrast material was again injected. Once a shunt was identified, selective catheterization was attempted with a guide wire and angled catheter. A PSS was identified in 18 of the 20 dogs. In 10 of the 18, the shunt vessel could be selectively catheterized, allowing measurement of portal pressures while the shunt was occluded with the balloon. In 1 dog, results of TRP were normal, but subsequent exploratory celiotomy revealed a single extrahepatic PSS, which was surgically attenuated. The other dog in which results of TRP were normal did not have a macroscopic PSS. In dogs suspected to have a PSS, TRP may be a useful adjunctive diagnostic test that is less invasive than operative mesenteric vein portography and allows measurement of portal pressures before and after temporary shunt occlusion.  相似文献   

Malignant transformation of an aneurysmal bone cyst in a dog     

Barnhart MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2002,31(6):519-524

OBJECTIVE: To report malignant transformation of an aneurysmal bone cyst in a dog. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. SAMPLE POPULATION: Client-owned dog. RESULTS: A 5-year-old male Labrador retriever was diagnosed with an aneurysmal bone cyst of the distal aspect of the right ulna. Surgical curettage resulted in remission of clinical signs for 33 months. Because of recurrence of clinical signs, a distal ulnar ostectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination of the excised specimen revealed a moderately differentiated chondrosarcoma at the level of the bone cyst. Limb function was normal for 17 months until a subcutaneous mass, determined to be a chondrosarcoma, occurred at the level of the shoulder. A right forequarter amputation was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Aneurysmal bone cysts are benign but may be transformed into a malignancy after surgical manipulation. Complete surgical excision should be attempted where possible. In this case, distal ulnar ostectomy was an effective means of preserving limb function and preventing local recurrence of chondrosarcoma.  相似文献   

The use of herders’ accounts to map livestock activities across agropastoral landscapes in Semi-Arid Africa     

Turner  Matthew D.  Hiernaux  Pierre 《Landscape Ecology》2002,17(5):367-385

Improved understandings of the agricultural and range ecologies ofsemi-arid Africa require better information on the spatiotemporal distributionof domestic livestock across agropastoral landscapes. An empirical GIS-basedapproach was developed for estimating distributions of herded livestock acrossthree agropastoral territories (around 100 km² each)over a two-year period. Algorithms developed from regression analyses of herdtracking data (with R²s 0.67) are used to transform a morecomprehensive but incomplete set of data generated from herders accounts oftheir herds grazing itineraries (400 herds following 6500 itineraries). Theresulting characterization registers 40 000 days of livestock activitiesacross694 land units (averaging 70 ha) over the study period. This studydemonstrates that rural producers knowledge of their daily extractionpracticescan be translated to fine-grained characterizations of extraction densitiesacross mixed landscapes. The spatiotemporal distribution of livestock that isrevealed by this approach diverges strongly from that predicted bycommonly-usedpoint-diffusion estimation procedures. Instead, the distribution reflects localpatterns of land use, topography, vegetation, settlements, and water points.Grazing and nongrazing times spent in land units are not spatially correlatedand the seasonality of grazing pressure is spatially variable. Therefore, theecological impacts of livestock grazing are spatially variable at fine scalesand there is a significant potential for livestock-mediated nutrient transfersacross agropastoral landscapes. The georeferenced data produced by thisapproachnot only will help evaluate the impact and sustainability of differentmanagement practices but also provides a strong empirical base for improvedspatial modeling of herded livestock.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Angiographic classification of patent ductus arteriosus morphology in the dog   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Matthew W. Miller DVM  Dipl ACVIM  Sonya G. Gordon DVM  Dipl ACVIM  Ashley B. Saunders DVM  Dipl ACVIM  Wendy G. Arsenault DVM  Dipl ACVIM  Kathryn M. Meurs DVM  Dipl ACVIM  Linda B. Lehmkuhl DVM  Dipl ACVIM  John D. Bonagura DVM  Dipl ACVIM  Philip R. Fox DVM  Dipl ACVIM  Dipl ECVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2006,8(2):109-114

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Amanita muscaria toxicosis in two dogs     

John H. Rossmeisl  Jr.  DVM  MS  DACVIM      Michael A. Higgins  DVM    Dennis J. Blodgett  DVM  PhD  DABVT    Matthew Ellis  DVM    Delbert E. Jones  MS 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2006,16(3):208-214

Objective: To report the manifestations, history, and pathophysiologic basis of disease in 2 dogs with Amanita muscaria toxicosis. Case summaries: Two dogs were evaluated for an acute onset of gastroenteritis and seizures. A. muscaria toxicosis was suspected in each dog after confirmation of environmental exposure and visualization of ingested mushrooms in vomitus. The diagnosis was confirmed following identification of toxic Amanita metabolites in the urine and serum of each dog. Administration of supportive and symptomatic therapies resulted in the complete recovery of each animal. Unique information provided: Ingestion of the mushroom, A. muscaria, by dogs can result in acute gastrointestinal distress that precedes a potentially life‐threatening central neurologic syndrome characterized by seizures, tremors, and somnolence. Central nervous system dysfunction results primarily from the actions of ibotenic acid and its decarboxylation product, muscimol, which are analogues of the neurotransmitters glutamate and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), respectively. Identification of these toxins in the urine and serum of affected dogs using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) provides a definitive diagnosis.  相似文献   

Christos Gallis (ed.): Green care for human therapy,social innovation,rural economy,and education     

Matthew DelSesto 《Agriculture and Human Values》2017,34(1):239-240

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Variations in dark respiration and mitochondrial numbers within needles of Pinus radiata grown in ambient or elevated CO2 partial pressure     

Griffin KL  Anderson OR  Tissue DT  Turnbull MH  Whitehead D 《Tree physiology》2004,24(3):347-353

Within-leaf variations in cell size, mitochondrial numbers and dark respiration rates were compared in the most recently expanded tip, the mid-section and base of needles of Pinus radiata D. Don trees grown for 4 years in open-top chambers at ambient (36 Pa) or elevated (65 Pa) carbon dioxide partial pressure (p(CO2)a). Mitochondrial numbers and respiratory activity varied along the length of the needle, with the highest number of mitochondria per unit cytoplasm and the highest rate of respiration per unit leaf area at the base of the needle. Regardless of the location of the cells (tip, middle or basal sections), needles collected from trees grown in elevated p(CO2)a had nearly twice the number of mitochondria per unit cytoplasm as those grown in ambient p(CO2)a. This stimulation of mitochondrial density by growth at elevated p(CO2)a was greater at the tip of the needle (2.7 times more mitochondria than in needles grown in ambient CO2) than at the base of the needle (1.7 times). The mean size of individual mitochondria was unaffected either by growth at elevated p(CO2)a or by position along the needle. Tree growth at elevated p(CO2)a had a variable effect on respiration per unit leaf area, significantly increasing respiration in the tip of the needles (+25%) and decreasing respiration at the mid-section and base of the needles (-14% and -25%, respectively). Although a simple relationship between respiration per unit leaf area and mitochondrial number per unit cytoplasm was found within each CO2 treatment, the variable effect of growth at elevated p(CO2)a on respiration along the length of the needles indicates that a more complex relationship must determine the association between structure and function in these needles.  相似文献