Induction of pancreatic differentiation by signals from blood vessels   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lammert E  Cleaver O  Melton D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,294(5542):564-567

Blood vessels supply developing organs with metabolic sustenance. Here, we demonstrate a role for blood vessels as a source of developmental signals during pancreatic organogenesis. In vitro experiments with embryonic mouse tissues demonstrate that blood vessel endothelium induces insulin expression in isolated endoderm. Removal of the dorsal aorta in Xenopus laevis embryos results in the failure of insulin expression in vivo. Furthermore, using transgenic mice, we show that ectopic vascularization in the posterior foregut leads to ectopic insulin expression and islet hyperplasia. These results indicate that vessels not only provide metabolic sustenance, but also provide inductive signals for organ development.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial stewardship in equine practice     

SL Raidal 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(7):238-242

Antimicrobial stewardship involves the judicious use of antimicrobials balanced against the requirement to treat the presenting clinical condition. The same mandate and principles as discussed in human medicine and other veterinary disciplines are relevant to equine practice. This brief review will focus on available resources for equine practitioners, emerging perspectives on antimicrobial use and stewardship, and opportunities for more effective antimicrobial use in equine practice. There is a need for improved client education, availability of faster and more accurate techniques for identification and sensitivity testing of bacterial pathogens, and the development of novel agents.  相似文献   

An ex vivo comparison of cuffed endotracheal tubes and self-sealing baffled endotracheal tubes     

SL Loomis  EB Okrasinski 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2018,66(6):297-301

  相似文献   

Unusual presentation of neosporosis in a neonatal puppy from a litter of bulldogs          下载免费PDF全文

MM McAllister  O Funnell  SL Donahoe  J Šlapeta 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(11):411-414

  相似文献   

90-day oral toxicity study of a grape seed extract (IH636) in rats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wren AF  Cleary M  Frantz C  Melton S  Norris L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(7):2180-2192

To assess the safety of grape seed extract with less than 5.5% catechin monomers (IH636), 4 groups of male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were provided grape seed extract in the diet at levels of 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0% for a period of 90 days. All animals survived the duration of the study, and no significant changes in clinical signs, hematological parameters, organ weights, ophthalmology evaluations, or histopathological findings were observed. A significant increase in food consumption was observed in male and female rats provided the grape seed extract diets compared to that of the control rats, especially in male rats consuming 2.0% grape seed extract. This effect was not accompanied by increases in body weight gains. Grape seed extract appeared to increase the insoluble fraction of the diet. Male rats in the high-dose group exhibited decreased serum iron levels and decreased serum iron/total iron binding capacity ratio compared to those of the controls, although all values were within historical ranges for Sprague-Dawley rats. In conclusion, administration of the grape seed extract IH636 to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats in the feed at levels of 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0% for 90 days did not induce any significant toxicological effects.  相似文献   

Structural changes in apple rings during convection air-drying with controlled temperature and humidity     

Bai Y  Rahman MS  Perera CO  Smith B  Melton LD 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(11):3179-3185

The structure of heat pump dried apple slices, developed as a function of air temperature and constant humidity, was studied by measuring porosity and using electron microscopy. The porosity of the apple rings increased linearly when the moisture content decreased during drying and then reached a constant value. In all dried apple slices, a degree of cellular collapse occurred. Case hardening occurred in the surface of the dried tissue when the apple slices were dried at 40-45 and 60-65 degrees C, and in the extreme case (at 60-65 degrees C) cracks were formed on the surface.  相似文献   

Enhancing alpha-tocopherol and linoleic acid in ewe's milk by feeding emulsified sunflower oil and DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate in a chemically treated protein matrix     

Lee JH  Waller JC  Melton SL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(16):6463-6468

Chemically treated dietary supplements (CTDS) were prepared with defatted soy flour, sunflower oil, dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (TA), and 2,3-butanedione (a generally recognized as safe chemical), and the effects on alpha-tocopherol (VE) concentration and fatty acid profile in ewe's milk were estimated. Ewes fed control diet (CD) had the lowest levels of milk VE (0.66 microg/mL) and serum VE (1.59 microg/mL). Feeding ewes the CD plus 500 IU of TA increased milk and serum VE by 30 and 70%, respectively, compared to ewes fed the CD. The CTDS-fed ewes showed further increased milk and serum VE levels by 40 and 32%, respectively, over those in ewes fed the CD plus 500 IU of TA. Feeding ewes CTDS did not affect milk fat content (3.13%) but altered the fatty acid composition by decreasing the levels of hypercholesteremic fatty acids, while increasing the content of linoleic acid (8.5%). Inclusion of CTDS in ruminant diets might produce nutritionally enhanced milk products.  相似文献   

Student selection to a rural veterinary school. 1: applicant demographics and predictors of success within the application process     

SL Raidal  J Lord  LM Hayes  J Hyams  J Lievaart 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(6):175-184

  相似文献   

Anaphylaxis associated with intravenous administration of alphaxalone in a dog     

M Haworth  M McEwen  B Dixon  SL Purcell 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(6):197-201

  相似文献   

Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in skeletal muscle and blood of ewes from a sheep farm in New Zealand     

SL Smith  DM West  PR Wilson  GW de Lisle  MG Collett  C Heuer 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):240-243

Abstract

AIM: To determine whether viable Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) is present in skeletal muscle and blood in ewes with and without Johne's disease confirmed histologically.

METHODS: A total of 51 mixed-aged ewes in poor body condition from a farm with a history of clinical Johne's disease were culled and examined at necropsy. BACTEC radiometric culture was performed on samples of skeletal muscle from the biceps femoris, mononuclear cells in peripheral blood (hereafter referred to as blood), and ileum. Histological sections and Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN)-stained impression smears of terminal ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes were examined. Ewes were defined as having confirmed Johne's disease if there was histopathological evidence typical of the disease within the ileum and adjacent lymph nodes.

RESULTS: Eighteen of 21 (86%) ewes with confirmed clinical Johne's disease were culture-positive for Map from sites peripheral to the alimentary tract, comprising 15 from skeletal muscle and 13 from blood. Five of 30 (17%) ewes that did not have Johne's disease were culture-positive, with four from skeletal muscle and one from blood. The likelihood that ewes with confirmed Johne's disease had systemic Map infection compared with ewes without was determined as OR=30 (95% CI=6.3–142.0; p<0.001).

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Map infection of skeletal muscle and blood in ewes with confirmed Johne's disease was 71% and 62% respectively, and in unaffected ewes was 13% for muscle and 3% for blood.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Skeletal muscle and blood are potential sources of exposure of humans to Map, and the risk appears higher from sheep with Johne's disease.  相似文献