Effect of slag on paddy rice Part 2. Influence of different nitrogen and slag levels on growth and composition of rice plant     

Michio Ota  Hitoshi Kobayashi  Yutaka Kawaguchi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):104-107

In a previous paper,¹⁾ we concluded that the fertility associated with a certain type of degraded paddy field such as Fujimi soil in Yamanashi prefecture, could be attributed to the low level of available silica, and much application of the electric furnace slags resulted in a good growth of rice plant.  相似文献   

Background level of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere in relation to flux from soil     

Shigeyoshi Gotoh  Michio Araragi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):461-465

According to Broadbent and Clark (3), there are numerous data indicating that denitrification leads to the emission of N₂O together with N₂, whereby loss of N is developed from soils. Nitrous oxide is also released from soils to the atmosphere during the nitrification of ammonium and ammonium-producing fertilizers under aerobic conditions (1). Relatively few attempts have been made to directly measure N₂O evolution under field conditions (6, 7, 10–12), although a number of laboratory studies have been reported. These studies are essential for determining the N balance between additions and losses of soil N.  相似文献   

Food intake and digestion in the scavenging lysianassid gammaridean <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scopelocheirus onagawae</Emphasis>     

Keiichiro?IdeEmail author  Koichi?Sasaki  Michio?Omori 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(4):721-730

ABSTRACT:   The lysianassid gammarid Scopelocheirus onagawae , which inhabits temperate shallow waters, was investigated for its digestion time and amount of food intake in feeding experiments with fish paste containing food dye as bait, being compared to those of cold-water species. The specimens were collected in Onagawa Bay, north-eastern Japan, from May through November 2001, using baited traps. The experiment on digestion time was run at 8°C, and the experiment on amount of food intake at 6, 8, 13, 18 and 21°C. Each individual that was fed fish paste was crushed in 3% ammonia–ethanol solution to extract the food dye. After centrifuging, the fluorescence intensity of the supernatant was measured and converted to food intake. Individuals of 0-h non-feeding showed the relative food intake of approximately 1.0%, and those of 24-h non-feeding showed the value of 4.3%. Based on the finding that the satiation ratio ranged from 3.6 to 4.1% for all feeding individuals, this species were considered to digest food completely within 24 h. The satiation ratios were much less than those of cold-water species. Several tens of thousands of S. onagawae were inferred to congregate on carcasses and consume it in a short period after sunset.  相似文献   

Verrucarin A Inhibition of MAP Kinase Activation in a PMA-stimulated Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line     

Taiko Oda  Michio Namikoshi  Kyoko Akano  Hisayoshi Kobayashi  Yoshio Honma  Tadashi Kasahara 《Marine drugs》2005,3(2):64-73

Verrucarin A is an inhibitor of protein synthesis. In this study, we examined the inhibitory action of verrucarin A on signal molecules. Verrucarin A partially inhibited the IL-8 production of a PMA-stimulated promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60 cells), and the effect was related to the inhibition of NF-κB activation at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Moreover, the inhibition of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase by verrucarin A was especially strong with p38- and JNK-phosphorylation. The findings show a new action of verrucarin A, and it is expected that this action relaxes the signal activation in response to stress.  相似文献   

Changes of Tight Junction Protein Claudins in Small Intestine and Kidney Tissues of Mice Fed a DDC Diet     

Yukie Abiko  Takashi Kojima  Masaki Murata  Mitsuhiro Tsujiwaki  Masaya Takeuchi  Norimasa Sawada  Michio Mori 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(4):433-438

DDC (3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine)-fed mice are widely used as a model for cholestatic liver disease. We examined the expression of tight junction protein claudin subspecies by immunofluorescent histochemistry in small intestine and kidney tissues of mice fed a DDC diet for 12 weeks. In the small intestine, decreases in claudin-3, claudin-7 and claudin-15 were observed in villous epithelial cells corresponding to the severity of histological changes while leaving the abundance of these claudin subspecies unchanged in crypt cells. Nevertheless, the proliferative activity of intestinal crypt cells measured by immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 decreased in the mice fed the DDC diet compared with that of control mice. These results suggest the possibility that DDC feeding affects the barrier function of villous epithelial cells and thus inhibits the proliferative activity of crypt epithelial cells. On the other hand, in the kidney, remarkable changes were found in the subcellular localization of claudin subspecies in a segment-specific manner, although histological changes of renal epithelial cells were quite minimal. These results indicate that immunohistochemistry for claudin subspecies can serve as a useful tool for detecting minute functional alterations of intestinal and renal epithelial cells.  相似文献   

Effects of night‐time light intensity on the survival rate and stress responses in juvenile Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis (Temminck and Schlegel)     

Tomoki Honryo  Michio Kurata  Tokihiko Okada  Yasunori Ishibashi 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(7):1058-1065

Land‐based cultured juvenile Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis (PBT) have high mortality rates due to collisions or contacts with tank walls after about 30 days of hatching. To determine the effect of night‐time lighting on their survival, juvenile PBT were reared under four different night‐time light intensities (0, 5, 15 and 150 lx) for 9 days, followed by a 3‐day observation period. High‐intensity, night‐time lighting (150 lx) significantly improved the survival rate (75.8%; P < 0.001) compared with the unlit control group (0 lx, 64.3%). The survival rate in the high‐intensity group decreased after the end of the lighting period. Lighting did not influence whole‐body cortisol levels, glucose levels, or diel changes in plasma cortisol levels. In contrast, the survival rates of fish exposed to light intensities between 5 and 15 lx were slightly lower than that of the unlit control group. These results suggest that providing night‐time lighting of 150 lx or higher is an effective method for reducing the mortality of cultured PBT.  相似文献   

A New Dibenz[b,e]oxepine Derivative, 1-Hydroxy-10-methoxy-dibenz[b,e]oxepin-6,11-dione,from a Marine-Derived Fungus,Beauveria bassiana TPU942     

Hiroyuki Yamazaki  Henki Rotinsulu  Tsuyoshi Kaneko  Kazuki Murakami  Hiromu Fujiwara  Kazuyo Ukai  Michio Namikoshi 《Marine drugs》2012,10(12):2691-2697

1-Hydroxy-10-methoxy-dibenz[b, e]oxepin-6,11-dione (1) was obtained from the culture broth of a marine-derived fungus, Beauveria bassiana TPU942, isolated from a marine sponge collected at Iriomote Island in Okinawa, together with two known compounds, chrysazin (2) and globosuxanthone A (3). The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of its spectroscopic data (HREIMS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments including ¹H–¹H COSY, HMQC and HMBC spectra). Dibenz[b, e]oxepines are rare in nature, and only six natural products have been reported. Therefore, compound 1 is the seventh natural product in this class. Compounds 2 and 3 showed an antifungal activity against Candida albicans, and 3 inhibited the cell growth against two human cancer cell lines, HCT-15 (colon) and Jurkat (T-cell lymphoma). Compound 1 did not show an apparent activity in the same bioassays.  相似文献   

Timing to promote initial swimbladder inflation by surface film removal in Pacific bluefin tuna,Thunnus orientalis (Temminck and Schlegel), larvae          下载免费PDF全文

Michio Kurata  Manabu Seoka  Yasunori Ishibashi  Tomoki Honryo  Shigeru Katayama  Kenji Takii  Hidemi Kumai  Shigeru Miyashita  Yoshifumi Sawada 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(5):1222-1232

This study investigated the optimal timing of day to promote initial swimbladder inflation (ISI) for improved Pacific bluefin tuna (PBT), Thunnus orientalis, larval survival. Larval swimbladder inflation frequency was compared based on three experiments using different time schemes of surface film removal (SFR) from 3 to 9 days post hatch (dph). SFR was conducted from 05:00 to 19:00 hours (light period: S.5–19), 19:00 to 05:00 hours (dark period: S.19–5), 08:00 to 19:00 hours (S.8–19) and the entire day (S.24) in Experiment 1; from 08:00 to 19:00 hours (S.8–19‐E2), 08:00 to 13:00 hours (S.8–13), 13:00 to 19:00 hours (S.13–19) in Experiment 2; and from 13:00 to 16:00 hours (S.13–16), 16:00 to 19:00 hours (S.16–19), 18:00–19:00 hours (S.18–19) in Experiment 3. The swimbladder inflation frequency at the experiment termination (9 dph) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in S.24 (91.1 ± 5.7%), S.5–19 (92.2 ± 5.1%) and S.8–19 (93.3 ± 3.4%) than in S.19–5 (11.1 ± 5.1%) in Experiment 1, and remarkably higher in S.8–19‐E2 (81.7%) and S.13–19 (88.3%) than in S.8–13 (0.0%) in Experiment 2, and significantly higher (P < 0.001) in S.16–19 (84.4 ± 5.1%) and S.18–19 (70.0 ± 12.0%) than in S.13–16 (7.8 ± 3.9%) in Experiment 3. These results suggest that the optimal timing to promote larval ISI by SFR is a few hours before the end of light period (16:00–19:00 hours) from 3 to 9 dph.  相似文献   

Influence of initial swimbladder inflation failure on survival of Pacific bluefin tuna,Thunnus orientalis (Temminck and Schlegel), larvae     

Michio Kurata  Yasunori Ishibashi  Kenji Takii  Hidemi Kumai  Shigeru Miyashita  Yoshifumi Sawada 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(5):882-892

This study investigated the influence of initial swimbladder inflation (ISI) failure on survival of Pacific bluefin tuna (PBT), Thunnus orientalis, larvae to prevent mass mortality due to sinking death. In Experiment 1, swimbladder inflation frequency and survival within an ISI promoted (PS) group, for which surface film of rearing water was removed, and a group without ISI promotion (NPS) were compared in 20 and 30 kL tanks. The PS group demonstrated significantly higher swimbladder inflation frequency and increased survival than the NPS group within 20 kL tanks at 9 days post hatching (dph). Similar tendencies were observed within 30 kL tanks. In Experiment 2, larval distribution and swimbladder inflation frequency in the night‐time were examined through larval sampling within the upper and middle layers of the water column and tank bottom within 1.6 and 30 kL tanks at 5 dph. Larvae at tank bottom had higher distributional density and significantly lower swimbladder inflation frequency than those distributed in the upper and middle layers within 1.6 kL tanks. Similar tendencies were observed within 30 kL tanks. Results of this study suggest the improvement of larval survival due to prevention of sinking death through ISI promotion in mass‐scale PBT larviculture.  相似文献   

Seasonal Deposition Fluxes of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Lake Biwa,Japan     

Tamamura  Shuji  Sato  Tsutomu  Ota  Yukie  Aota  Yasuaki  Kashiwaya  Kenji  Kumagai  Michio 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,196(1-4):297-309

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution - The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in the different parts of six bivalves species were determined. From the study conducted, it was found that the...  相似文献