Effects of transforming growth factor-β3 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 on the pathogenesis of chronic mitral valvular disease in dogs     

Obayashi K  Miyagawa-Tomita S  Matsumoto H  Koyama H  Nakanishi T  Hirose H 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(2):194-202

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Growth and development of pepper are affected by humic substances derived from composted sludge   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Iñaki Azcona  Inmaculada Pascual  Jone Aguirreolea  Marta Fuentes  José María García‐Mina  Manuel Sánchez‐Díaz 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2011,174(6):916-924

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of humic substances extracted from composted sewage sludge on growth, phenological development, and photosynthetic activity of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Piquillo) plants. Humic substances derived from composted sludge (HSS) were compared with those derived from leonardite (HSL). Two doses of both humic substances were assayed (200 and 500 mg C [L substrate]^–1) and compared with a control (C). HSS showed higher nitrogen content and a higher percentage of aliphatic carbon, as well as a lower content of aromatic and phenolic carbon than HSL. HSS significantly increased plant dry‐matter production (up to 560%), plant height (86%–151%), and leaf area (436%–1397%) during the early stages of pepper development. Net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance increased in the treatments with HSS (up to 48% and 63%, respectively) at the vegetative stage. In addition, HSS accelerated the phenological development of pepper plants, reducing significantly the number of days to flowering and ripening, which occurred 12 and 14 d earlier than in control plants, respectively. In general, the treatments with HSS and HSL did not markedly affect chlorophyll and nutrient concentrations in the leaves. At maturity, only small differences in total fruit yield, number of fruits per plant, and fruit size were observed between amended and control plants. The results suggest that the mechanisms through which HSS affected plant growth and development were not associated with an improved nutrient uptake. Although the identity of the growth‐promoting factors remains to be found, the results suggest that they may be linked to the chemical structure of the humic substances.  相似文献   

Nitrocapsanthin and nitrofucoxanthin, respective products of capsanthin and fucoxanthin reaction with peroxynitrite     

Tsuboi M  Etoh H  Kato K  Nakatugawa H  Kato H  Maejima Y  Matsumoto G  Mori H  Hosokawa M  Miyashita K  Tokuda H  Suzuki N  Maoka T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(19):10572-10578

The in vitro reactivity of capsanthin (1) and fucoxanthin (2) with peroxynitrite was investigated, and the reaction products produced by scavenging with peroxynitrite were analyzed. (14'Z)-Nitrocapsanthin (3) and 12-nitrocapsanthin (4) were isolated from the products of the reaction of capsanthin with peroxynitrite. Similarly, (14Z)-15-nitrofucoxanthin (5), (11Z)-11-nitrofucoxanthin (6), and (14Z,9'Z)-15-nitrofucoxanthin (7) were obtained from the reaction of peroxynitrite reaction with fucoxanthin. Capsanthin and fucoxanthin inhibited the nitration of tyrosine by peroxynitrite. Furthermore, nitrocapsanthins (3 and 4) and nitrofucoxanthins (5 and 6) exhibited an inhibitory effect on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation in Raji cells and an antiproliferative effect on human pancreatic carcinoma. Moreover, nitrocapsanthins (3 and 4) inhibited carcinogensis of mouse skin tumors initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBN).  相似文献   

Arsenic accumulation and speciation in Japanese paddy rice cultivars     

Masato Kuramata  Tadashi Abe  Shingo Matsumoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):248-258

We examined arsenic (As) accumulation and speciation in the major cultivars currently grown in Japan, because differences in grain As levels among cultivars may influence dietary As exposure in Japanese people. Ten major cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) were grown under flooded conditions in a paddy field with a background level of As (low-As soil) or in pots filled with soil containing a high level of As (high-As soil). In the low-As soil, the total grain As ranged from 0.11 to 0.17?mg?kg^?1, with a mean concentration of 0.14?mg?kg^?1, and inorganic As was the major species in all cultivars. There were few genotypic differences in the levels of either total As or inorganic As in the grain. In the high-As soil, total grain As increased to a mean level of 2.4?mg?kg^?1 in the 10 cultivars, with markedly increased levels of dimethylarsinic acid. The genotypic variations among cultivars in the levels of both total As and dimethylarsinic acid were statistically significant. However, the genotypic variability of inorganic As levels was quite small, and these levels remained low (at about 0.2?mg?kg^?1) even when total As levels increased markedly. These results suggest that differences in grain As levels among Japanese cultivars may not influence dietary As exposure, because there is little genotypic difference in the accumulation of inorganic As, which is considered more toxic than organic As to humans. We discuss the possible mechanism of As accumulation in Japanese paddy rice, in the context of the accumulation of As species in the developing grain and in other plant tissues.  相似文献   

In vitro binding of germanium to proteins of rice shoots     

Hideaki Matsumoto  Eiichi Takahashi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):191-197

The possibility of in vitro binding between proteins of rice shoots and germanium (Ge) was investigated. The proteins in mixtures of aqueous extracts of rice shoots and radioactive germanium (⁶⁸GeO₂) were fractionated. The binding of radioactivity to the proteins was observed even after 5 successive fractionation steps from the original mixtures. At the final fractionation step using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a constant proportionality between protein concentration and associated radioactivity was found in most samples although not all. These results indicate that the binding of ⁸⁸Ge to proteins is not due to the simple adsorption by proteins.  相似文献   

Aluminum inhibits growth and stability of cortical microtubules in wheat (Triticum aestivum) roots     

Masao Sasaki  Yoko Yamamoto  Hideaki Matsumoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):469-472

Aluminum (Al) occurs abundantly in soil and solubilized aluminum ions in acid soil inhibit plant growth, in particular, root growth. Although several toxic effects of Al on plant growth have been reported, the mechanism of Al toxicity remains to be clarified.  相似文献   

Salt tolerance of grain crops in relation to ionic balance ability to absorb microelements     

Achmadi Jumberi  Mina Yamada  Satoshi Yamada  Hideyasu Fujiyama 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):657-664

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of exchangeable Na on the growth and absorption of metal elements in barley, rye, and maize. The plants were cultivated in soils whose exchangeable sodium percentages (ESP) were 6.6 (saline soil: Saline), 17.4 (saline-sodic soil: Sodic 1), and 39.6 (sodic soil: Sodic 2), which were prepared from Tottori sand dune soil (Control). The dry weight (DW) and concentrations of metal elements Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Cu) in shoots were analyzed. The shoot DW was smaller with higher ESP, but in barley the difference between all the treatments was no longer observed with time. In Sodic soils, the growth of barley was vigorous, whereas rye growth was poor, and maize plants died by 5 weeks after planting. The Na concentration in shoots of all the species was higher with higher ESP. The K concentration in shoots was low at the early growth stage, but in barley it was higher in the Saline and both Sodic soils than in the Control at the subsequent stages. The concentrations of Ca and Mg in shoots of barley and maize in the Saline and both Sodic soils were higher than those in the Control, but in rye the concentrations were lowest in Sodic 2. The concentrations of Mn, Zn, and Cu in barley shoots in the Saline and bothSodic soils tended to be higher than those in the Control, whereas in rye they were lower than in the Control in both Sodic soils. Barley showed a higher ability to absorb low available microelements than rye and maize. These results indicate that barley is tolerant to sodicity as well as salinity, maize is tolerant to salinity, but is very sensitive to sodicity, and rye is moderately sensitive to both stresses. We suggest that the tolerance of grain crops to ESP involves a tolerance to a high Na concentration in shoots, the ability to keep suitable concentrations of essential cations in the presence of a high concentration of Na in shoots and the ability to absorb low available microelements.  相似文献   

Characterisation of a novel ilarvirus causing grapevine angular mosaic disease     

Sobhi M. Girgis  Frederic P. Bem  Chrysostomos I. Dovas  Athanassios Sclavounos  Apostolos D. Avgelis  Mina Tsagris  Nikos Katis  Panayota E. Kyriakopoulou 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,125(2):203-211

Unusual symptoms were observed on ‘Baresana’ x ‘Baresana’ Vitis vinifera hybrid vines in the Grapevine Variety Collection of the Grapevine Institute, Athens. The affected vines showed sharp angular mosaic on leaves, along the veins and in vein angles, malformations, abortive flowers or very few berries with smaller, wrinkled and non-germinating seeds, as well as gradual decline, severe stunting and death of the vine. Serological tests on diseased vines for the presence of 13 known grapevine viruses gave negative results. An infectious agent was transmitted mechanically to several herbaceous indicator plants. Koch’s Postulates were fulfilled, and the agent, proven to be a virus, was named Grapevine angular mosaic virus (GAMV). Serological tests have been developed for the virus. The most conserved polymerase region showed significant similarity of GAMV with members of subgroup 1 of the Ilarvirus genus; however ML phylogenetic analysis could not support its clustering within this subgroup. GAMV differs serologically and in particle morphology from Grapevine line pattern virus (GLPV) a putative member of the Ilarvirus genus that infects grapevine. It is proposed that GAMV is a novel member of the Ilarvirus genus.  相似文献   

Application of the amount of oxygen consumption to the investigation of the oxidation mechanism of lignin during oxygen-alkali treatment   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Aiko Imai  Iori Tomoda  Tomoya Yokoyama  Yuji Matsumoto  Gyosuke Meshitsuka  Guolin Tong 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(1):62-67

The dioxygen consumption by kraft lignin and several lignin model compounds during oxygen-alkali treatments were directly analyzed using a dioxygen fl owmeter. The average dioxygen consumption by 200 g of kraft lignin was about 3 moles. Because this value was as much as those obtained for monomeric phenolic lignin model compounds, guaiacol and vanillyl alcohol, it was postulated that not only phenolic but also nonphenolic moieties in kraft lignin are extensively oxidized. The dioxygen consumption by 0.5 moles (one equivalent of aromatic units) of a dimeric lignin model compound, guaiacylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether (GG), was also similar to that for 1 mole of guaiacol and vanillyl alcohol, regardless of the type of the aromatic moiety, which supports the above postulation. The most plausible mechanism for the oxidation of nonphenolic moieties is the oxidation of side chains of residual β-O-4 substructures by active oxygen species. By this mechanism, nonphenolic moieties in kraft lignin and GG are converted into corresponding phenolic moieties, and the oxidation by dioxygen progresses. Part of this article was presented at the 13th International Symposium on Wood, Fiber, and Pulping Chemistry (13th ISWFPC), Auckland, New Zealand, May 2005  相似文献   

Effects of vegetation coverage on oviposition by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Luehdorfia japonica</Emphasis> (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)     

Aya Hatada  Kazuma Matsumoto 《Journal of Forest Research》2008,13(2):96-100

The effects of canopy and shrub layer coverage on the frequency of oviposition by a papilionid butterfly, Luehdorfia japonica, were investigated. Density of larval host plant tended to be higher where shrub layer was thinner, and the frequency of oviposition was correlated with host plant abundance. On the other hand, host plant abundance and the frequency of oviposition were not correlated with canopy layer coverage. Eggs were mainly found at or near the forest edge irrespective of host plant abundance.  相似文献