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11.
Yatoo Mohd. Iqbal Parray Oveas Raffiq Mir Muheet Bhat Riyaz Ahmed Malik Hamid Ullah Fazili Mujeeb ur Rehman Qureshi Sabia Mir Masood Salim Yousuf Raja Wasim Tufani Noor Alam Dhama Kuldeep Bashir Shah Tauseef 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(8):2127-2137
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Therapeutic management of contagious caprine pleuroneumonia (CCPP) involves mostly the use of oxytetracycline followed by enrofloxacin and rarely tylosin. In... 相似文献
12.
P.S. Mir K.S. Schwartzkopf-Genswein T. Entz K.K. Klein E. Okine M.V. Dodson 《Livestock Science》2008,116(1-3):22-29
The effect of feed withdrawal for 48 h, prior to initiation of the finishing (fattening) period (75 d) on carcass marbling fat was studied in 120 European × British cross-bred heifers with an average weight of 585 ± 39 kg. Heifers were randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial design experiment with two dietary management treatments, where half the heifers were provided the feed components of steam rolled barley and barley silage either free choice or as a total mixed ration (TMR) containing 87% steam rolled barley and 13% barley silage with ad libitum vitamins and minerals via salt blocks for all animals. Within each dietary management treatment, 30 heifers were denied feed (water was available) for 48 h prior to the two week adaptation to the high grain diet preceding the 75 d finishing period. At the end of the 48 h feed denial blood samples were collected from the jugular vein prior to feeding for determination of glucose and insulin concentrations, which indicated that 48 h feed withdrawal consistently decreased (P = 0.0001) plasma concentrations of both glucose and insulin but the ratios of the concentrations of glucose to insulin were not affected. At slaughter samples of subcutaneous fat from the brisket (BF) and skirt muscle (pars costalis diaphragmatis; PCD) were procured for determination of chemical fat content, fat dissected from the muscle and for enumeration of adipocytes, less than 35 μm in diameter and to determine the average cell size in the dissected fat and from the BF by flow-cytometry of adipocytes fixed in osmium tetroxide. The carcass characteristics were also obtained. Although no differences due feed withdrawal for 48 h were evident for carcass weight, percent lean (saleable) meat yield, rib eye area, average fat cover, fat content of PCD or BF, the US marbling score was increased (P = 0.048) and the amount of dissected fat from the muscle tended to be higher (P = 0.107), thus 81% of the carcasses graded “US Choice” or “Canada AAA,” or displayed at least a “small” amount of intramuscular fat as compared (P = 0.0807) to 68% of the heifers not denied feed. Based on more than three years of weekly prices of carcasses that graded “Canada AAA” and “Canada AA,” these experimental results suggested that the expected price of a finished heifer could increase by $4.61 Canadian if a 48 h feed withdrawal was imposed prior to initiation of the finishing phase. Although significant differences in adipocyte numbers due to a single time 48 h feed withdrawal prior to initiation of the finishing phase were not detected, the carcass quality factors were affected leading to an odds ratio of 1.84 times in favour of cattle carcasses to grade “Canada AAA” than if fed continuously. 相似文献
13.
Issa Mohammadpourfard Mir Mohammad Shamloo Anbardan Navid Eshghi Mahdi Jahanbakhsh Arash Akbarzadeh Saeed Ghorbani Bejandi 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(6):756-768
Today, due to the rapid spoilage of fish, the use of natural preservatives is a priority over those of synthetic varieties. Also, the natural antimicrobial effects of essential oils can help to increase shelf life. There are very few studies concerning the use of essential oils in this regard. In the present study, the antibacterial effect of chitosan coated with Heracleum persicum oil was investigated on the quality of rainbow trout. The control and the coated fish samples were analyzed periodically by generalized estimating equation (GEE) for total viable count (TVC), psychrophilic bacteria, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), texture, taste, odor, and overall acceptance parameters. The results showed that by increasing the amount of chitosan, TVC, psychrophilic bacteria, and TVB-N decreased while PUFA, texture, taste, odor, and overall acceptance parameters increased. 相似文献
14.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary probiotics on reproductive performance, growth, haematological and biochemical parameters of female rainbow trout broodstock. A total of 60 broodstocks with an average initial weight of 2,267.4 ± 54.9 g were divided into four groups and three replicates in raceway ponds. Fish were fed with diets containing 0 (control), 1 × 109 (P1), 2 × 109 (P2) and 4 × 109 (P3) CFU probiotic per kg diet twice a day for 8 weeks before spawning season. Results revealed that higher levels of dietary probiotics (P3) enhanced protein efficiency ratio and decreased feed conversion ratio (p < .05). There were no significant differences in haematological and other growth parameters among different treatments. According to the results, probiotic‐fed treatments had the lowest levels of cholesterol (237.7 ± 4.3 mg/dl) and the highest levels of total protein (11.3 ± 0.3 g/dl) and albumin (6.9 ± 0.3 g/dl), so that differences were found between P3 and control groups in all cases (p < .05). Based on the observations from reproductive parameters, the highest egg diameter, working and relative fecundities, fertilization and hatching rates, eyed eggs survival and alevins survival rates up to the absorption of the yolk sac were observed in P3 treatment (p < .05). Moreover, eyeing, hatching and yolk sac absorbing stages in P3 treatment were earlier than those in other treatments (p < .05). The results of present study demonstrated that probiotic supplementation improved reproductive performance and some growth and biochemical parameters in female rainbow trout broodstock and the best performance was observed in fish fed 4 × 109 CFU probiotic per kg diet. Due to an increase in egg production and egg size in probiotic‐fed treatments, this feed additive can be used as a suitable ingredient to increase high‐quality egg production in rainbow trout breeders. 相似文献
15.
Hossein Izadi-Vasafi Gity Mir Mohamad Sadeghi Amir Babaei Faezeh Ghayoumi 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(3):311-323
A novel biodegradable polylactic acid-based polyurethane (PU) was synthesized via a chain extension reaction between hydroxylated polylactic acid (PLA-OH) and hydroxylated tung oil (HTO) using 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) to link the two polyols and dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) as a catalyst. Both PLA-OH and HTO, as polyols, were separately synthesized in our laboratory. Three different molecular weights of PLA-OH prepolymers were used, and the molar ratio of PLA-OH to HTO was also changed to investigate the effect of these two parameters on the structure and properties of the final PUs. Chemical structures of PLA-OH, HTO, and final PUs were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) spectroscopies. Thermal transitions and thermal stability of the final PUs were, respectively, studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The FTIR and 1HNMR results showed that the chain-extension reaction of the two polyols with HDI was sufficiently achieved. The TGA results showed that the polyurethanes based on the lower molecular weight PLA segments were more thermally stable; it was not degraded up to 270 °C. DSC results showed that incorporating HTO in the PU chains led to formation of more flexible PU chains, while the glass transition temperatures of the PUs of higher PLA-OH molecular weights were higher than those of lower ones. 相似文献
16.
Vikas Sharma Sajad H. Mir Anil Sharma 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(2):194-202
Nitrogen-use efficiency can be enhanced through an understanding of the nitrogen (N) mineralization behavior of organic sources. An incubation study was conducted to assess the impact of organic manures on N mineralization. The manures, farmyard manure (FYM), Leucaena leucocephala, and poultry manure, were applied to the soil alone or along with urea. There was a rapid increase in the amount of mineral N released with a peak appearing either at 14 days (+urea treatments) or 21 days (manure only) of aerobic incubation. Thereafter the net N mineralized decreased gradually and levelled off beyond day 56. Overall the cumulative net N mineralized after 98 days of incubation was in the order urea > Leucaena + urea > poultry manure + urea > FYM + urea > Leucaena > poultry manure > FYM > zero N. The potentially mineralizable N (N0) was lower in treatments where urea was not applied. 相似文献
17.
F. Miró R. Santos J. L. Garrido-Castro A. M. Galisteo R. Medina-Carnicer 《Veterinary research communications》2009,33(6):507-513
The handled trot of three Lusitano Purebred stallions was analyzed by using 2D and 3D kinematical analysis methods. Using
the same capture and analysis system, 2D and 3D data of some linear (stride length, maximal height of the hoof trajectories)
and angular (angular range of motion, inclination of bone segments) variables were obtained. A paired Student T-test was performed
in order to detect statistically significant differences between data resulting from the two methodologies With respect to
the angular variables, there were significant differences in scapula inclination, shoulder angle, cannon inclination and protraction-retraction
angle in the forelimb variables, but none of them were statistically different in the hind limb. Differences between the two
methods were found in most of the linear variables analyzed. 相似文献
18.
Mahmoud Mohseni Mohammad Pourkazemi Mohammad Reza Hosseni Mir Hamed S. Hassani Sungchul C. Bai 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(3):378-387
A 3 × 4 factorial design was used to evaluate the dietary protein requirement and to determine the optimum dietary protein to energy (P/DE) ratio in sub‐yearling Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus, reared in the indoor system. Twelve experimental diets (40P16, 40P17, 40P18, 40P19, 45P19, 45P17, 45P18, 45P19, 50P16, 50P17, 50P18 and 50P19) were formulated and prepared to contain three protein levels (40%, 45% and 50%) and four digestible energy levels (16, 17, 18 and 19 kJ g?1 diet) at each protein level. Fish averaging 103.3 ± 3.5 (mean ± SD) were fed one of the experimental diets for 14 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, there were significant energy effects (P < 0.05) on weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR). Weight gain and SGR tended to decrease, although non‐significantly, with increase in dietary protein levels. Furthermore, there were significant protein and energy interaction effects on WG, SGR, hepatosomatic index and protein efficiency ratio. However, there were no significant dietary protein, energy or their interaction effects on feed efficiency for fish fed all diets. Weight gain and SGR of fish fed 40P19 were significantly higher than those of fish fed 40P16, 45P16, 45P17, 50P16 and 50P17 diets (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in WG and SGR among fish fed 40P17, 40P18, 40P19, 45P18, 45P19, 50P18 and 50P19 diets. These results may indicate that the optimum dietary protein requirement and the P/DE ratio could be 40% protein and 22.0 mg protein kJ?1 (40P18), respectively, in Persian sturgeon, based on growth performance and feed utilization. 相似文献
19.
Nutritional strategies to cope with reduced litter weight gain and total tract digestibility in lactating sows 下载免费PDF全文
J. Álvarez‐Rodríguez L. Mir A. R. Seradj H. Morazán J. Balcells D. Babot 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(5):914-924
Twelve lactating sows were used to evaluate the effects of reducing dietary crude protein (CP) (14% vs. 12%) and increasing neutral detergent fibre (NDF) levels (18% vs. 22%) on litter performance, total tract apparent digestibility and manure composition in a 4 × 4 latin square arrangement during a 36‐day lactation period. Diets were isoenergetic (2.9 Mcal ME/kg) and had similar total lysine content (0.9%). In addition, a second aim was to compare a reference external marker method (Cr2O3) with an internal feed marker [acid‐insoluble ash (AIA)] for the calculation of apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients in lactating sows. The reduction of dietary CP level in lactating sows had no effect on either live‐weight or backfat thickness or apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients. However, the piglets' average daily gain (ADG) was reduced in low dietary CP diets, which suggests that sows reduced milk production due to an underestimation of certain essential amino acid requirements (e.g. valine). The increase of dietary NDF level did not affect sow and litter performance. Nevertheless, the total tract apparent digestibility of organic matter, CP and carbohydrates was reduced, and ether extract digestion was increased in high NDF compared to normal NDF diets equally balanced for ME and lysine content. The coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients in lactating sows were greater when using AIA compared to Cr2O3 marker, regardless of dietary CP or NDF level, but their coefficients of variation were lower in the former than in the latter. In lactating sows, a trade‐off between litter performance and nutrient digestion is established when reducing dietary CP or increasing NDF levels while maintaining similar lysine content through synthetic amino acids and balancing metabolizable energy through dietary fat sources. 相似文献
20.
Mir Ahmad Mousavi Shalmani Reza Khorassani Kazem Khavazi Mohammad Zaman 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(11):1247-1258
To investigate the effect of applying 15N-labeled ammonium sulfate with or without a nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on fertilizer use efficiency and crop productivity of different wheat genotypes, a field trial was conducted at the Nuclear Agricultural Department’s farm of Iran in 2013–2014. The treatments included five wheat genotypes with different 13 C isotope discrimination and three fertilizer treatments, an unfertilized control, 15N-labeled ammonium sulfate, and 15N-labeled ammonium sulfate with DMPP in three replications. Soil samples were taken after 2, 4, and 6 weeks after sowing and also at harvest time. Results from 15N experiment showed that DMPP delayed nitrification of ammonium for 42 days. Genotypes with lower discrimination index had greater uptake of ammonium ions which led to increase crop yield and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency. The results also suggested that the use of DMPP may not be beneficial in some fast growing wheat genotypes. 相似文献