Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of essential oils from Vanillosmopsis pohlii baker against Bemisia argentifolii   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

de Andrade IL  Bezerra JN  Lima MA  de Faria RA  Lima MA  Andrade-Neto M  Cavalcanti FS  Mesquita AL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(19):5879-5881

Essential oils from the heartwood and leaves of specimens of Vanillosmopsis pohlii collected in two different localities were analyzed by GC-MS. The major constituent of both heartwood essential oils was the sesquiterpene alpha-bisabolol. Essential oil composition from leaves was quite different for two specimens and showed beta-pinene and E-caryophyllene as principal constituents. The essential oil of heartwood and the pure sesquiterpene alpha-bisabolol were tested against Bemisia argentifolii, the white fly fruit plague, and pronounced insecticidal effects were observed.  相似文献   

Analysis of fatty acids in Longissimus muscle of steers of different genetic breeds finished in pasture systems     

Roseli das Graas Padre  Juliana Aparecida Aricetti  Sandra Terezinha Marques Gomes  Rafael Henrique de Tonissi Buschinelli de Goes  Fernanda Barros Moreira  Ivanor Nunes do Prado  Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer  Nilson Evelzio de Souza  Makoto Matsushita 《Livestock Science》2007,110(1-2):57-63

The chemical composition, the fatty acids profile, and conjugated linoleic acids content in Longissimus muscle (LM) of steers have been determined. For such, 18 steers (6, Nellore, NEL) and their Simmental (6, NSI), and Santa Gertrudes (6, NSG) crossbreds finished in pasture system with Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu for about 3 months with approximate weight at slaughter of 480 kg at average age approximate of 25 months. The lipid content increased in the following order influenced by genetic groups: Nellore, F1 Nellore × Simmental and F1 Nellore × Santa Gertrudes crossbreds. The lipid content increased while moisture, ash and protein contents decreased. The content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was affected by genetic groups. The conjugated linoleic acids contents (CLA) in fat were similar in the genetic groups, but the quantity of CLA concentrations in muscle lipids of steers with larger total lipid was higher. The predominant CLA was CLA cis-9, trans-11.  相似文献   

The use of alfalfa leaf protein concentrates as a protein source in diets for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)     

Miguel A. Olvera-Novoa  Silvia G. Campos  Mirna G. Sabido  Carlos A. Martí  nez Palacios 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1990,90(3-4):291-302

Chloroplastic and cytoplasmic alfalfa (Medicago sativa) leaf protein concentrates were tested as dietary replacements for fish meal in practical diets for tilapia fingerlings. Each concentrate was used to replace 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55% of the fish meal protein in diets containing 40% protein. Diets containing cytoplasmic leaf protein gave the best results, with growth rates higher than those obtained with a fish meal-based diet when the plant protein replaced up to 35% of the fish meal protein in the diet; higher inclusion levels of plant protein depressed growth. No mortalities were recorded during the 9-week test period with any of the experimental diets. It was concluded that the alfalfa leaf protein could be included at levels of up to 35% of the dietary protein in feeds for tilapia.  相似文献   

Social behaviour of buffalo heifers during the establishment of a dominance hierarchy     

Aparecida de Fátima Madella-Oliveira  Celia Raquel Quirino  Carlos Ramon Ruiz-Miranda  Francisco Aloizio Fonseca 《Livestock Science》2012,146(1):73-79

This study investigated the social behaviour of buffalo heifers during the establishment of a dominance hierarchy under conditions that differed in space availability (pen, small pasture and large pasture), food competition and in the presence or absence of an intact bull. The herd consisted of 21 Mediterranean–Murrah crossbreed buffalo heifers and one bull. During the establishment of dominance hierarchy, one observer recorded all of agonistic interactions occurring in the pen, in the small pasture and in the large pasture. For the food competition test, the females were first separated into groups (G) of seven animals and the behavioural interactions within these groups were observed. The group levels were determined by the sociometric parameters (h′: Landau linearity index and DCI: directional consistency index). The percentage of unknown, one-way and two-way dyadic relationships; a social index, hierarchical position and correlations among feeding duration, latency, social index and hierarchical position were calculated. In the large pasture, the DCI value was 55.24% of the dyadic relationships were one-way and 36.19% were unknown; whereas in the small pasture and pen most of the dyads were unknown (54–63%) or one-way (33-41%). The social indexes observed were low (0.004 and 0.122). In the food competition test, h′ values were not significant for groups G1, G2, G3 and G6, and significant for Groups G4 and G5. The percentages of two-way dyadic relationships were high in G4 (80.95%) and G6 (100%) groups. Correlations among feeding duration and latency, social position and social index were all negative and significant. There were no significant correlations between body weight and social index or hierarchy position. This study showed that buffalo heifers established social dominance relationships among several of the herd members, but because there were several unknown dyads, the hierarchy is classified as semi-linear hierarchy. Two factors seemed to affect the establishment of social dominance and a hierarchy: adjusting to a new environment and the presence of an adult intact male, and the dominant females had advantage over the subordinate females during feeding in a trough. To reduce agonistic encounters between buffalo heifers suggest provide more space in the trough during feeding.  相似文献   

Production of bacteriocins by coagulase-negative staphylococci involved in bovine mastitis     

dos Santos Nascimento J  Fagundes PC  de Paiva Brito MA  dos Santos KR  do Carmo de Freire Bastos M 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,106(1-2):61-71

In the present study, 188 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) strains were isolated from bovine mastitis cases from 56 different Brazilian dairy herds, located in the Southeast region of the country, and were tested for antimicrobial substance production. Twelve CNS strains (6.4%) exhibited antagonistic activity against a Corynebacterium fimi indicator strain. Most antimicrobial substances were sensitive to proteolytic enzymes suggesting that they might be bacteriocins (Bac). Amongst the CNS producers, six were identified as S. epidermidis, two as S. simulans, two as S. saprophyticus, one as S. hominis and one as S. arlettae. Plasmid profile analysis of these strains revealed the presence of at least one plasmid. The Bac(+) strains presented either no or few antibiotic resistance phenotypes. Three strains were shown to produce a bacteriocin either identical or similar to aureocin A70, a bacteriocin previously isolated from an S. aureus strain isolated from food. The remaining Bac(+) strains produce antimicrobial peptides that seem to be distinct from the best characterised staphylococcal bacteriocins described so far. Some of them were able to inhibit Listeria monocytogenes, an important food-borne pathogen, and several strains of Streptococcus agalactiae associated with bovine mastitis, suggesting a potential use of these bacteriocins either in the prevention or in the treatment of streptococcal mastitis.  相似文献   

Effects of cooling rates on the quality of Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) sperm     

Daniella Aparecida de Jesus Paula  Luis David Solis Murgas  Tssia Flvia Dias Castro  Isadora de Lima Assis  Rafael Vilhena Reis Neto  Silvana Marcussi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(7):1034-1043

This study aims to investigate the effect of different cooling rates on the semen cryopreservation of curimba (Prochilodus lineatus). Nineteen ejaculates were obtained from adults males and cryopreserved at 15°C/min (CR15), 30°C/min (CR30) (controlled temperature inside and outside straw, speed was stable during freezing) and direct freezing in liquid nitrogen vapour (~35.6°C/min) (CRNV). The straws were thawed and seminal parameters evaluated. DNA fragmentation through the comet assay was assessed. A fresh sperm sample was not frozen and used for analyses. Data were submitted to an analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were compared by Scott–Knott test (p < 0.05) using the R Software. Mean motility percentage was 100%, and motility duration was 39.5 ± 5.7 s for the fresh sperm (subjective analysis); 58.9 ± 8.0% and 24.5 ± 5.7 s for CR15; 64.8 ± 4.8% and 26.5 ± 7.1 s for CR30; and 50.1 ± 16% and 25.7 ± 4.7 s for CRNV, respectively. Motility percentages were higher and equal between CR15 and CR30 compared to CRNV (p < 0.05). Some sperm motion kinetics, namely average path velocity (VAP) and straight line velocity (VAS), were higher for CR30 (p < 0.05), while curvilinear velocity (VCL) and velocity progression (PRO) were lower for CRNV (p < 0.05). Straightness (STR) and wobble (WOB) were the same among treatments (p > 0.05). Sperm morphology results indicated higher means for total morphological sperm alterations in CRNV. All cooling rates caused sperm DNA fragmentation, although CR30 provided a less harmful effect. This is the first report for cryopreserved P. lineatus sperm preserved under different controlled cooling rates. The cooling rate of 30°C/min is indicated for the cryopreservation of this fish sperm as it led to the lowest detrimental spermatozoa effects.  相似文献   

Performance of crossbred heifers in different step-down waste milk-feeding strategies     

Juliana Mergh Leão  Juliana Aparecida Mello Lima  Ângela Maria Quintão Lana  Helton Mattana Saturnino  Ronaldo Braga Reis  Fabiano Alvim Barbosa  Rafael Alves de Azevedo  Robson Vilela Sá Fortes  Sandra Gesteira Coelho 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(8):1607-1612

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Diversity of Cryphonectria parasitica in callused chestnut blight cankers on European and American chestnut     

Marin Jei&#x;  Matthew Kolp  Simone Prospero  Kiril Sotirovski  Mark Double  Daniel Rigling  Mihajlo Risteski  Valentina Karin‐Kujundi&#x;  Marilena Idojti&#x;  Igor Poljak  Mirna &#x;urkovi&#x;‐Perica 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)

Infection of American and European chestnuts with the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica results in the formation of cankers, lesions caused by the growth of mycelia within bark tissue of the host plant. Infection of the fungus with Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV‐1) results in conversion of the mycelial phenotype from virulent to hypovirulent, thus allowing production of callus around cankers as a reaction by infected trees, rendering active into inactive cankers. In this study, we sampled one USA and six European chestnut stands and assessed frequency of hypovirulent C. parasitica and diversity of vegetative compatibility (vc) types present in calluses and randomly sampled cankers. Callused cankers on C. dentata at West Salem in the USA yielded significantly more hypovirulent C. parasitica isolates compared with four sampled populations on C. sativa, while all six sampled European populations did not show any statistically significant differences among themselves. We observed no correlation between hypovirulence frequencies in randomly sampled cankers and calluses, as well as no correlation of C. parasitica vc type diversity in calluses and residential populations of the fungus. Furthermore, even though we have observed calluses with more than one vc type, they do not occur regularly. Even when present in C. parasitica populations with high vc type diversity, no more than three different vc types were observed in a single callus.  相似文献   

In vitro establishment of shoot meristems of Ilex paraguariensis and identification of endophytic bacteria     

Jéssica de Cássia Tomasi  Juliana Degenhardt-Goldbach  Renata Lucia Grunennvaldt  Germana Dávila dos Santos  Vania Aparecida Vicente  Luziane Franciscon  Cleusa Bona  Marguerite Quoirin 《林业研究》2019,(5):1765-1777

Yerba mate(Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.)is a species of great economic,social and environmental importance for the southern regions of Brazil,Uruguay and Argentina.Currently the most diverse products are obtained from mate leaves,including mate tea.The objective of this study was to establish shoot meristem cultures(meristematic dome and a few primordia)of elite clones and identify the endophytic bacteria present in the explants.We tested the effect of clones(F1,F2,A03 and A07),culture media(MS,1/2MS,1/4MS and WPM),cytokinins(kinetin,BA and 2iP),activated charcoal(1,2 and 3 g L^-1),and disinfecting agent(sodium hypochlorite and mercuric chloride)on in vitro establishment.F1 and F2 clones were the most responsive for shoot meristem in vitro culture.WPM medium supplemented with 8.8 lM 2iP,0.2 lM NAA and 3 g L^-1 activated charcoal was the most suitable for the in vitro establishment of the F1 clone.No phytotoxic effect of the disinfectant was observed and some meristems sprouted.The isolated endophytic bacterium was identified for the first time in yerba mate as Agrobacterium larrymoorei.To conclude,we were able to establish in vitro culture of yerba mate using meristems as explants but the tissues were not free of endophytic microorganisms which could interfere with explant response.  相似文献   

Apparent energy digestibility of glycerol from biodiesel production for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus,Linnaeus 1758)     

Fábio Meurer  Alan Franzen  Patrícia Piovesan  Katsciane Aparecida Rossato  Lilian Dena Dos Santos 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(11):1734-1737

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