Mesenchymal Stem Cells as an Alternative for Schwann Cells in Rat Spinal Cord Injury     

Arash Zaminy  Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar  Yousef Sadeghi  Mohsen Noroozian  Mohammad Hassan Heidari  Abbas Piryaei 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2013,17(3):113-122

Background: Spinal cord has a limited capacity to repair; therefore, medical interventions are necessary for treatment of injuries. Transplantation of Schwann cells has shown a great promising result for spinal cord injury (SCI). However, harvesting Schwann cell has been limited due to donor morbidity and limited expansion capacity. Furthermore, accessible sources such as bone marrow stem cells have drawn attentions to themselves. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of bone marrow-derived Schwann cell on functional recovery in adult rats after injury. Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured from adult rats’ bone marrow and induced into Schwann cells in vitro. Differentiation was confirmed by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. Next, Schwann cells were seeded into collagen scaffolds and engrafted in 3 mm lateral hemisection defects. For 8 weeks, motor and sensory improvements were assessed by open field locomotor scale, narrow beam, and tail flick tests. Afterwards, lesioned spinal cord was evaluated by conventional histology and immunohistochemistry. Results: In vitro observations showed that differentiated cells had Schwann cell morphology and markers. In this study, we had four groups (n = 10 each): laminectomy, control, scaffold and scaffold + Schwann cells. Locomotor and sensory scores of cell grafted group were significantly better than control and scaffold groups. In histology, axonal regeneration and remyelination were better than control and scaffold groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that bone marrow-derived Schwann cells can be considered as a cell source for Schwann cells in SCI treatment. Key Words: Rats, Spinal cord injuries (SCI), Bone marrow, Schwann cells, Cell transdifferentiation  相似文献   

Assessment of irrigation practices at the tertiary canal level in an improved system—a case study of Wasat area, the Nile Delta     

A. Mohsen Aly  Y. Kitamura  K. Shimizu 《Paddy and Water Environment》2013,11(1-4):445-454

Egypt faces great challenges due to its limited water resources by enforcement policies to improve the performance of the existing delivery system and its development. The improvement of irrigation systems in the Nile Delta is one of the most important attempts in Egypt to implement more effective irrigation technologies. This study was carried out to evaluate improved tertiary canal level and farmers’ practices by comparing with other unimproved systems to understand the farmers’ practices in their farms after modifying the existing irrigation system. This study area applied to the Wasat command area’s most commonly used to the cultivation of a paddy field in Egypt, which contributes 40 % of production. The overall results indicate that the water-use application at the improved system level improved. This was due to the role of water user association in the successful management and operation of the water-supply system on the private level of water distribution network. So, water users’ association has the positive effect on managing of the improved tertiary canal. Although, there are main problems of water delivery in the irrigation networks that was a water shortage in the main canal owing to its location at the tail of the feeder canal system in the Nile Delta, and other reasons include the absence of crop production planning by farmers, especially rice farmers in summer, and the greater demand of some fields than supply.  相似文献   

Biofortification of onion bulb with selenium at different levels of sulfate     

Mohsen Mobini  Amir Hossein Khoshgoftarmanesh 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(3):269-277

In this research experiment, two commercial onion cultivars (Allium cepa L., cvs. Dorrcheh and Cebolla Valenciana) were grown in sand culture and exposed to two levels of selenium (Se) (0 and 25?µM) and two levels of sulfate (1 and 3?mM). According to the results obtained, addition of 25?µM Se in combination with 3?mM sulfate was not only effective in significant increase of onion bulb yield, but it significantly increased Se concentration of bulb. By considering the average consumption of onion in central Iran, the daily intake of Se via consumption of Se-biofortified onion is estimated to be 68.4–77.2?µg in spring and summer and 72.6–117.1?µg in fall and winter. These amounts of daily intakes of Se is higher than the sufficient levels of Se recommended by world health organization (WHO) but less than the maximum tolerable level of Se (400?µg Se per day) for human.  相似文献   

An efficient in vitro shoot regeneration through direct organogenesis from seedling-derived petiole and leaf segments and acclimatization of Ficus religiosa     

Mohsen Hesami  Mohammad Hosein Daneshvar  Mohsen Yoosefzadeh-Najafabadi 《林业研究》2019,(3):807-815

Prolific and rapid in vitro plant organogenesis via direct regeneration has been obtained from axenic seedling-derived petiole and leaf explants of Ficus religiosa in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of cytokinins in combination with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). MS medium with 1.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine plus 0.15 mg/l IBA produced the highest shoot induction frequency with an average of 6.26 and 10.13 shoots per leaf and petiole explants, respectively. After 4 weeks, the highest root formation frequency (96.7%), root number (5.73), and root length (4.76 cm) were with MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l IBA plus 0.1 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid. In addition, the effect of four sodium nitroprusside (SNP) treatments on acclimatization was also studied. Highest morphological traits such as survival rates, fresh and dry root weights as well as antioxidant enzymatic activities such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase was achieved with 125 ppm SNP. The α-amino acid, proline, content was highest with this treatment while the highest H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) was in the controls. This study introduces a cost-effective, prolific, and efficient in vitro multiplication system to supply pharmaceutical and ornamental needs. It is the first report of an in vitro organogenesis protocol for F. religiosa by direct regeneration through axenic seedling-derived petiole and leaf explants, which can be efficiently employed for the utilization of active biomolecules.  相似文献   

Ability of sorption–desorption experiments to predict potassium leaching from calcareous soils     

Mohsen Jalali  Zahra Kolahchi 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2008,171(5):785-794

When potassium (K⁺) fertilizers are applied to the soil, K⁺ is subject to displacement through the soil profile. Leaching can play an important role in agricultural K⁺ losses that can decrease groundwater quality. To avoid overfertilization, estimation of K⁺ leaching from soil is important. The ability of the soils to retain K⁺ against leaching varies according to the adsorption coefficient of the soils. The aim of this study was to relate the K⁺ leaching from a wide range of calcareous soils to the values obtained from a sorption–desorption experiment. The soil columns were leached with 10 mM CaCl₂ solution and the leachate was analyzed for K⁺. The breakthrough curves for K⁺ were different, and the amounts of K⁺ leached varied considerably between different soils. In these calcareous soils where crops are irrigated with water containing significant concentrations of Ca²⁺ and other cations, large amounts of K⁺ will be leached. Cumulative K⁺ leached after five pore volumes leaching with 10 mM CaCl₂ was significantly (r = 0.776, p < 0.01) related to the equilibrium K⁺ concentration. The results of this study enabled us in many cases to estimate the K⁺ leaching from soil without conducting column experiments, minimizing the laborotary work.  相似文献   

Quercetin attenuates H2O2‐induced toxicity of rooster semen during liquid storage at 4°C     

Abolfazl Ghaniei  Mohsen Eslami  Elham Zadeh Hashem  Reza Rezapour  Alireza Talebi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(3):713-722

Current study was carried out to examine the protective effects of quercetin against toxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide in rooster semen in vitro. Semen samples were collected from ten roosters (Ross 308 broiler breeder males, 32 weeks old) twice a week by abdominal massage method. Samples with ≥70% progressive motility were selected, pooled, diluted and used for the study. Experimental groups consisted of negative control, control that received solvent of quercetin, H₂O₂ (40 μM) and combination groups which incubated with constant dose of H₂O₂ (40 μM) plus various levels of quercetin (20, 40 and 80 μM). Measurement of total hydroperoxide (HPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase activity as well as routine sperm tests were done at 0, 24 and 48 hr of storage at 4°C. Results revealed that exposure to hydrogen peroxide significantly increased HPO (138.43 ± 7.32 vs. 66.08 ± 3.97 μmol/g protein), MDA (7.21 ± 0.08 vs. 5.71 ± 2.16 μmol/g protein) and NO (0.367 ± 0.013 vs. 0.215 ± 0.011 μmol/g protein) levels and decreased sperm progressive motility (27.28 ± 1.21 vs. 47.49 ± 1.29%), and amounts of TAC (11.49 ± 0.39 vs. 15.70 ± 0.79 mmol/g protein) compared to control at 24 hr (p < 0.05). Changes at mentioned variables were repeated at 48 hr of storage. Also, co‐administration of quercetin (especially at 40 and 80 μM) with hydrogen peroxide restored the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide on rooster semen parameters such as primary and secondary lipid peroxidative indicators and other evaluated variables. The study concluded that rooster semen enrichment with quercetin would protect lipid peroxidative and nitrosative hydrogen peroxide‐mediated damage during cold liquid storage of rooster semen.  相似文献   

Exploring and optimising the conditions for virus-induced gene silencing in an ornamental tobacco,Nicotiana alata     

Ayat Taheri-Dehkordi  Mohsen Kafi  Seyed Alireza Salami 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(4):377-384

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Stress Relaxation and Oscillatory Tests to Distinguish Between Doughs Prepared from Wheat Flours of Different Varietal Origin     

Mohsen Safari-Ardi  Nhan Phan-Thien 《Cereal Chemistry》1998,75(1):80-84

The relaxation properties of flour-water-salt doughs prepared from four different flour types (weak, medium, strong, and extra strong) at different water absorption levels from 58 to 66% with protein contents of 10.0, 10.9, 13.2, and 11.8%, respectively, were studied by imposing varying strain amplitudes of 0.1–29%. Oscillatory tests in the linear viscoelastic region of the 66% absorption strong and weak dough cannot distinguish between the two types of dough. The inability to differentiate between dough types also applied to oscillatory tests on 58% absorption weak and 66% absorption strong doughs. However, the relaxation modulus of dough (extending over time) behaved quite distinctively at high strains, where dough samples experience large deformations. At strain amplitudes of ≤0.1% (i.e., in the linear viscoelastic region), different dough types behaved similarly. Likewise, the relaxation modulus completely relaxed at sufficiently long times. The magnitude of the modulus at intermediate- and high-strain amplitudes were in the order: extra strong > strong > medium > weak, indicating a higher level of elasticity in the extra strong dough samples despite its lower protein content. The relaxation times spectrum of the weak flour, extracted from the relaxation modulus data, reveals a broad relaxation process. The stress relaxation data are very reproducible at high-strain amplitudes (≈1–15% for up to 3 × 10³ sec). This work demonstrated, for the first time, the consistency in oscillatory and relaxation measurements for dough. It also clearly showed that linear viscoelastic data, although important in the characterization of time scales in dough, are largely irrelevant in differentiating between dough types. Furthermore, without proper care, a false steady-state behavior can be obtained with standard viscometric measurements due to slippage at the dough-plate interface.  相似文献   

Dry whey meal as a protein source in practical diets for Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings     

Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab  Fayza E. Abbass 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(4):276-284

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted as a trial of using dry whey meal (DWM) as a substitute for fish meal (FM) in practical diets for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Triplicate fish groups were fed on five isonitrogenous (30.2%) and isolipidic (6.9%) diets. The control diet (D1) used FM as the sole protein source. In the other four diets (D2–D5), FM protein was substituted by 25, 50, 75, or 100% DWM. Fish (3.5 ± 0.1 g) were stocked at a rate of 20 fish per 100-L aquarium and fed one of the tested diets up to satiation twice daily for 12 weeks. Fish growth, feed utilization, protein efficiency ratio, apparent protein utilization, and energy utilization for fish fed DWM diets up to 75% FM (D2–D4) tended to be higher but were not statistically different than the control diet. No significant effect of diet was found in whole-body moisture, crude protein, and total ash contents. Whole-body lipid content in fish fed the 100% DWM (D5) diet was significantly higher than that for fish fed the control diet. The optimal replacement level of FM by DWM was estimated by second-order polynomial regression to be 62.5%.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary myrcene administration on antioxidant gene responses in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), exposed to copper sulphate     

Mohsen Khalili  Marzieh Attar  Rezvaneh Amirlatifi  Zohreh Namira Maleki  Seyyed Morteza Hoseini 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(4):1653-1659

In the present study, common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were fed with diet supplemented with 0% (M0) or 0.5% (M0.5) myrcene for 6 week and exposed to ambient copper (0.2 mg/L) for further 2 weeks. Gene expressions of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), glutathione reductase (gr) and glutathione S‐transferase (gst) were assayed in the fish brain and kidney, and thiobarbituric reactive substance (TBARS) levels were determined in blood plasma. The results showed that there was no significant difference in TBARS levels between the M0 and M0.5 treatments, before the copper exposure; however, the M0 had significantly higher TBARS levels compared to the M0.5, after the copper exposure. The antioxidant genes showed different patterns in the fish brain and kidney. The genes were up‐regulated in the fish brain by dietary myrcene and copper exposure. However, in the fish kidney, the M0.5 treatment showed no change in sod, cat, gpx before and after the copper exposure. The results suggest that myrcene is capable to induce antioxidant enzymes that prepare the fish for a further oxidative condition (i.e. copper exposure). Dietary myrcene at 0.5% level is suggested for common carp before treatment with copper sulphate.  相似文献