Identification of genotypes of Cryptosporidium parvum isolates from a patient and a dog in Japan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Abe N  Kimata I  Iseki M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(2):165-168

Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) is recognized as a significant pathogen in humans and animals, primarily as a cause of diarrheal illness. Recent genetic and biological studies indicate that C. parvum is not a single species but composed of genetically distinct multiple genotypes. Thus, it is valuable to distinguish between genotypes in the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium infection in humans and animals. Although C. parvum has been detected in humans and animals in Japan, the genotype of isolates remains unclear because identification has been performed only by conventional microscopy. We report herein the genotypes of C. parvum isolates distinguished by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic method. C. parvum isolates, originally obtained from a patient and a pet dog, were found to have cattle and dog genotypes, respectively.  相似文献   

Occurrence of heavy metals in the sediments of Uranouchi Inlet,Kochi prefecture,Japan     

De Jaysankar  Kimio Fukami  Kozo Iwasaki  Kei Okamura 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(2):413-423

The present status of contamination by heavy metals, and the impact of cage culture on sediments at the Uranouchi Inlet, Kochi Prefecture, Japan, were investigated from two stations influenced by intensive aquaculture and a control station, during May–July 2006. The moisture content of the sediments at the aquaculture stations was over 65%, and the organic matter was always over 100 mg/g dry wt. In contrast, the highest moisture content and organic matter at the control station was 45.5% and 62.9 mg/g dry wt, respectively. Concentrations of zinc (Zn) (178 ± 4.8 mg/kg dry wt) and copper (Cu) (125 ± 1.2 mg/kg dry wt) were highest at the aquaculture stations. Lead (Pb) was highest (50.7 ± 0.77 mg/kg dry wt) at the aquaculture station though it was as high as 33.2 ± 0.77 mg/kg dry wt at the control station. One-way ANOVA showed that the differences in concentrations of Zn and Cu in sediments from the aquaculture and control stations were highly significant (P = 0.01), whereas Pb showed no such trend. Occurrence of a large fraction of labile Zn (56.1%) and Cu (40.3%) in these sediments warrants attention. Although factors other than metals may explain the distribution observed, the information presented here may be useful in predicting long-term effects of heavy metal contamination from aquaculture in the marine environment.  相似文献   

The Influence of Feeding Pattern on Changes in Plasma Ghrelin in the Holstein Cow     

Hiroshi MIURA  Nachi HOJO  Ryoji TAKAHASHI  Motohiro KIKUCHI  Masayasu KOJIMA  Kenji KANGAWA  Yoshihisa HASEGAWA  Minoru SAKAGUCHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(8):1137-1139

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First record of Cryptosporidium infection in a raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus)     

Matsubayashi M  Abe N  Takami K  Kimata I  Iseki M  Nakanishi T  Tani H  Sasai K  Baba E 《Veterinary parasitology》2004,120(3):171-175

Cryptosporidium species have been found in more than 150 species of mammals, but there has been no report in raccoon dogs. Here we found the Cryptosporidium organism in a raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus, and identified this isolate using PCR-based diagnostic methods. Cryptosporidium diagnostic fragments of the 18S ribosomal RNA, Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein and 70-kDa heat shock protein genes were amplified from the isolate and sequenced to reveal the phylogenetic relationships between it and other Cryptosporidium species or genotypes reported previously. The results showed that the raccoon dog isolate represented the C. parvum cattle genotype which could be a causative agent in human cryptosporidiosis.  相似文献   

Mendelian inheritance and variation of four microsatellite DNA markers in the yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares     

Motohiro  TAKAGI  Seinen  CHOW  Tetsuro  OKAMURA  Vernon P  SCHOLEY  Akio  NAKAZAWA  Daniel  MARGULES  Jeanne B.  WEXLER  Nobuhiko  TANIGUCHI 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(6):1306-1308

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2-O-(beta-D-Glucopyranosyl)ascorbic acid, a novel ascorbic acid analogue isolated from Lycium fruit     

Toyoda-Ono Y  Maeda M  Nakao M  Yoshimura M  Sugiura-Tomimori N  Fukami H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(7):2092-2096

A novel stable precursor of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), 2-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)ascorbic acid, was isolated from both the ripe fresh fruit and dried fruit of Lycium barbarum L., a plant of the Solanaceae family. The chemical structure was inferred by instrumental analyses and confirmed by chemical synthesis. The dried fruit of Lycium barbarum L. contained ca. 0.5% of it, which is comparable to the ascorbic acid content of fresh lemons. It increased the blood ascorbic acid by oral administration to rats, and it was also detected in blood from the portal vein.  相似文献   

Postpartum Massive Hematoma within the Broad Ligament of the Uterus in a Broodmare Possibly Caused by Rupture of the Uterine Artery     

Masa-aki OIKAWA  Yasuo NAMBO  Mayuka MIYAMOTO  Hiroshi MIURA  Motohiro KIKUCHI  Yohji OHNAMI 《Journal of Equine Science》2009,20(3):41-46

A broodmare showed mild signs of abdominal discomfort and anemia after normal delivery. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a massive hematoma within the broad ligament adjacent to the uterine horn. Internal bleeding into the peritoneal cavity (hemoabdomen) was not seen. Following treatment, the clinical signs improved. Hemorrhage caused by rupture of the arteries within the broad ligament of the uterus may be a cause of hematoma. Prepartum and postpartum rupture of the arteries supplying the reproductive organs in the mare, which is not uncommon, can be fatal if severe hemoabdomen occurs. In the present case, the hematoma was considered to be tightly encapsulated between two serosal membrane layers of the broad ligament, and the membranes had remained intact. Thus, the serosal membranes did not split open, and massive bleeding into the peritoneal cavity did not occur. For this reason, the present broodmare avoided potentially fatal hemorrhagic shock.  相似文献   

Insect muscarinic acetylcholine receptor: pharmacological and toxicological profiles of antagonists and agonists     

Honda H  Tomizawa M  Casida JE 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(6):2276-2281

The insect muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) is evaluated as a potential target for insecticide action. The mammalian M2/M4-selective antagonist radioligand [3H]AF-DX 384 (a pirenzepine analogue) binds to Drosophila mAChR at a single high-affinity site identical to that for the nonselective antagonist [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) and with a pharmacological profile distinct from that of all mammalian mAChR subtypes. Three nonselective antagonists (QNB, scopolamine, and atropine) show the highest affinity (Ki=0.5-2.4 nM) at the Drosophila target, and AF-DX 384 and M3-selective 4-DAMP (dimethyl-4-(diphenylacetoxy)piperidinium iodide) rank next in potency (Ki=5-18 nM). Eleven muscarinic antagonists generally exhibit higher affinity than eight agonists. On injection into houseflies, the antagonists 4-DAMP and (S)-(+)-dimethindene produce suppressed movement, the agonist (methyloxadiazolyl)quinuclidine causes knockdown and tremors, and all of them inhibit [3H]QNB binding ex vivo, indicating possible mAChR-mediated intoxication. The insect mAChR warrants continuing study in lead generation to discover novel insecticides.  相似文献   

Polymorphisms of the growth hormone gene in domesticated red sea bream populations (Pagrus major) based on minisatellite genotypes and nucleotide sequences          下载免费PDF全文

Eitaro Sawayama  Masayoshi Matsushige  Motohiro Takagi 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(8):2833-2843

The genetic diversity of the growth hormone gene in domesticated red sea bream (pmaGH) was evaluated using a minisatellite DNA marker located in intron 3 (pmaGH22) and nucleotide sequences. The number of alleles of pmaGH22 was largely decreased in domesticated strains of red sea bream, and the possibility of selection pressures was also detected based on the analysis of the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in some strains. However, each strain inherited a small number of alleles of pmaGH22, and the entire domesticated population (combining all strains) showed a large number of alleles (n = 17), similar to the allelic richness of the wild population (n = 18.5). Based on nucleotide sequencing analysis, three synonym mutations were found in the coding regions, and also several SNPs and indels were found in the noncoding regions. In addition, four genealogies of growth hormone haplotypes were identified based on principal coordinate analysis, and these genealogies of pmaGH partly reflected allele size ranges of pmaGH22. Several haplotypes shared alleles of pmaGH22, and also fragment size homoplasy in pmaGH22 was suspected. These alleles of pmaGH22 and the haplotypes will be a useful indicator for divergence of pmaGH and for broodstock individual selection with minimum inbreeding effect.  相似文献   

Antibacterial activity of Nepalese wild mushrooms against <Emphasis Type="Italic">Staphylococcus aureus</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Propionibacterium acnes</Emphasis>     

Sonam Tamrakar  Marina Nishida  Yhiya Amen  Hai Bang Tran  Hiroto Suhara  Katsuya Fukami  Gopal Prasad Parajuli  Kuniyoshi Shimizu 《Journal of Wood Science》2017,63(4):379-387

The present study aims to reveal the antibacterial potential of the wild mushrooms of Nepal. Despite the recognition of the medicinal potential of the natural resources in this country, a systematic study on the bioactivities of the wild mushrooms is still lacking. Therefore, in an attempt to fill this gap, ethanol extracts of 90 Nepalese wild mushroom samples were tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes. Staphylococcus aureus was comparatively more susceptible with Inonotus clemensiae exhibiting the least minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 100 μg/mL. The major compound in I. clemensiae was identified to be hispidin using high resolution liquid chromatography–electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (LC–ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and MBC values of hispidin were determined to be 25 and 100 µg/mL for S. aureus and P. acnes, respectively. These findings show that the Nepalese wild mushrooms have the potential to be a novel addition to the functional ingredients industry due to their strong antibacterial potential.  相似文献