Assessment on the fermentability of xylooligosaccharides from rice husks by probiotic bacteria     

Gullón P  Moura P  Esteves MP  Girio FM  Domínguez H  Parajó JC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(16):7482-7487

Liquors from rice husk autohydrolysis, containing xylooligosaccharides (XOS), other saccharides, and nonsaccharide compounds, were refined by membrane processing to increase the proportion of substituted XOS in refined liquors. XOS were assayed for composition and degree of polymerization (DP) distribution and hydrolyzed with commercial enzymes for obtaining XOS with DP in the range of 2-6. Nanofiltered, hydrolyzed liquors were subjected to ion exchange processing to yield a final product containing monosaccharides, XOS (accounting for 55.6% of the nonvolatile solutes), and other nonvolatile compounds. The solution obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis with commercial xylanases (in which 82.8% of XOS were in the DP range of 2-6) was examined as a medium for promoting the growth of Bifidobacterium adolescentis CECT 5781, B. longum CECT 4503, B. infantis CECT 4551, and B. breve CECT 4839. The growth rate of B. adolescentis (0.58 h(-1)) was higher than the ones determined for B. longum, B. infantis, and B. breve (0.37, 0.30, and 0.40 h(-1), respectively). The percentage of total XOS consumption by B. adolescentis was 77% after 24 h, the highest percentage of utilization corresponding to xylotriose (90%), followed by xylobiose (84%), xylotetraose (83%), and xylopentaose (71%).  相似文献   

A numerical classification system for cleft lip and palate in the dog          下载免费PDF全文

E. Moura  C. T. Pimpão 《The Journal of small animal practice》2017,58(11):610-614

An easy‐to‐use classification that enables an accurate record of canine cleft lip and palate is fundamental for effective communication between professionals and researchers and optimal use of published information. Here we present how a classification system for human cleft lip and palate can be used to register spontaneous cases in dogs, highlighting its advantages. This system is based on four topographic areas with a numerical representation of the severity of the cleft in each area. The use of spontaneous cases has the advantage of providing clefts that are naturally similar to their human counterparts for surgical, genetic and genomic studies and, furthermore, will reduce the need for experimental models of this condition.  相似文献   

Reproductive performance of postpartum ewes treated with insulin or progesterone hormones in association with ram effect          下载免费PDF全文

JC Ferreira‐Silva  SRL Basto  F Tenório Filho  MT Moura  ML Silva Filho  MAL Oliveira 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(4):610-616

The reproductive performance of postpartum Santa Inês (SI) and Morada Nova (MN) ewes treated with insulin or progesterone hormones in association with ram effect was evaluated. Ewes from SI (n = 69) and MN (n = 69) breeds were randomly allocated to three groups of each breed (T1—ram effect only; T2—ram effect + insulin; T3—ram effect + progesterone). Progesterone concentrations (ηg/ml; mean ± SD) before and after introduction of rams (n = 6) were 0.51 ± 0.22 and 3.78 ± 0.68 (T1), 0.65 ± 0.21 and 3.77 ± 0.78 (T2) and 0.52 ± 0.21 and 3.84 ± 0.84 (T3) in SI ewes and 0.74 ± 0.19 and 3.71 ± 0.56 (T1), 0.70 ± 0.21 and 3.79 ± 0.75 (T2) and 0.81 ± 0.14 and 3.87 ± 0.80 (T3) in MN ewes, respectively. Thus, lower progesterone concentrations were found before the introduction of rams (p < .05). After the introduction of rams, preovulatory peaks of LH (ηg/ml) occurred at 28 (T1), 44 (T2) and 48 (T3) hr in SI ewes and at 64 (T1), 40 (T2) and 44 (T3) hr in MN ewes. The mean number of ovulations was similar between groups (p > .05), was 1.3 ± 0.51 (T1), 1.5 ± 0.54 (T2) and 1.6 ± 0.51 (T3) in SI ewes and 1.3 ± 0.51 (T1), 1.6 ± 0.51 (T2) and 1.6 ± 0.51 (T3) in MN ewes. In conclusion, the ram effect alone is effective at inducing and synchronizing oestrus in sheep under postpartum anoestrus, irrespective of hormone treatments.  相似文献   

Two epizootic Perkinsus spp. events in commercial oyster farms at Santa Catarina,Brazil     

Ana C. Luz Cunha  Vitor de A. Pontinha  Maria Alcina M. de Castro  Simone Sühnel  Sthefanie C. Medeiros  ngela M. Moura da Luz  Ricardo Harakava  Leonardo Tachibana  Danielle F. Mello  Naissa M. Danielli  Alcir L. Dafre  Aimê R. M. Magalhes  Jos Luiz P. Mourio 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(3):455-463

Perkinsus spp. have been detected in various bivalve species from north‐east Brazil. Santa Catarina is a South Brasil state with the highest national oyster production. Considering the pathogenicity of some Perkinsus spp., a study was carried out to survey perkinsosis in two oyster species cultured in this State, the mangrove oyster Crassostrea gasar and the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Sampling involved eight sites along the state coast, and oyster sampling was collected during the period between January 2013 and December 2014. For the detection of Perkinsus, Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM) and histology were used, and for the identification of the species, PCR and DNA sequencing were used. Perkinsus spp. was found by RFTM in C. gigas and C. gasar from São Francisco do Sul. This pathology was also detected in C. gasar from Balneário Barra do Sul both, by RFTM and histology. Perkinsus marinus was identified in C. gigas and C. gasar from São Francisco do Sul and Perkinsus beihaiensis in C. gasar from Balneário Barra do Sul. This is the first report of P. marinus in C. gigas from South America. Results of this preliminary study suggest that both oyster species tolerate the species of Perkinsus identified, without suffering heavy lesions.  相似文献   

A growth equation for sole postlarvae (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858) in earthen ponds in the region of Tagus and Sado Estuaries (Portugal)     

Maria Ana de Castelo Branco  Olga Moura  & Sofia Gamito 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(8):795-800

The growth of 1-month-old juvenile sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1858), was monitored for 6 months in earthen ponds of commercial fish farms located at the Tagus and Sado Estuaries. The postlarvae were introduced into net cages at a density of 50 m⁻². Data obtained from different growth experiments carried out under similar environmental conditions were analysed. To describe the growth of juvenile sole, the comprehensive model proposed by Schnute was fitted to the data. This model provides a better fit than, for instance, the Gompertz model, to the length at age of S. senegalensis juveniles. Seven-month-old sole juveniles have 80% probability of attaining a length of 10.9–11.7 cm and a weight between 11.0 and 13.7 g. The growth equation can be used to predict fish growth under these environmental conditions and thus identify appropriate farm management options.  相似文献   

Genetic monitoring of broodstocks of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in a closed rearing system in Pernambuco,Brazil     

Ana Patrícia Souza De Lima  Andréa Carla Lira Dos Santos  Hozana Leite Dantas  Manoel Adrião Gomes Filho  Rodrigo Maggioni  Maria Raquel Moura Coimbra 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(13):1461-1466

Loss of genetic variability can be detrimental to a population's survival traits and fitness. These effects are likely to be maximized in shrimp closed broodstock rearing systems where post‐larvae are often produced from crosses of breeders collected from an associated grow‐out farm after mass selection. Longtime broodstock management in closed systems is also expected to lead to reduction in or even complete eradication of genetic variability. The present work aimed at monitoring the genetic variability of a Litopenaeus vannamei hatchery in the state of Pernambuco (Brazil), during three successive replacements, using microsatellite markers. No significant genetic diversity losses have been observed through the values of mean heterozygosity (H_o=0.460 and H_e=0.660 in the first sample; H_o=0.420 and H_e=0.620 in the second sample; and H_o=0.600 and H_e=0.660 in the third sample). However, some alleles appear to have been lost after three replacements. The diversity level was considered to be high and is comparable to those reported for wild populations, suggesting that the original imported founder stock of Brazilian L. vannamei is likely to have had a high genetic diversity, possibly due to multiple origins.  相似文献   

Water quality,phytoplankton composition and growth of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) in an integrated biofloc system with Gracilaria birdiae (Greville) and Gracilaria domingensis (Kützing)     

Luis Otavio Brito  Luis Alejandro Vinatea Arana  Roberta Borda Soares  William Severi  Rayzza Helena Miranda  Suzianny Maria Bezerra Cabral da Silva  Maria Raquel Moura Coimbra  Alfredo Olivera Gálvez 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(5):1649-1664

A 28-day indoor trial was conducted to evaluate the water quality, phytoplankton composition and growth of Litopenaeus vannamei in an integrated biofloc system with Gracilaria birdiae and Gracilaria domingensis. The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments: control (shrimp monoculture); SB (shrimp and G. birdiae) and SD (shrimp and G. domingensis), all with three replicates. Random sampling was done (6 % of total population per experimental unit) to confirm white spot syndrome Virus (WSSV) infection using nested-PCR analysis due to suspicion of presence of the virus in the experiment (treatment and control groups). Shrimp L. vannamei (2.63 ± 0.10 g) were stocked in experimental tanks at a density of 425 shrimp m^?3, and the Gracilaria was stocked at a biomass of 2.0 kg m^?3. Shrimp mortality began in both the experimental and control groups at 10 days of culture. The integrated biofloc system (shrimp and seaweed) increased settleable solids (by 26–52 %); final weight (by 6–21 %); weekly growth (by 17–43 %); weight gain (by 17–43 %); specific growth rate (by 16–36 %); and yield (by 5–7 %) and decreased feed conversion ratio (by 21–28 %) and Cyanobacteria density about 16 % as compared to the control (shrimp monoculture). The use of red seaweed Gracilaria in an integrated biofloc system can enhance shrimp growth and reduce Cyanobacteria density in the presence of WSSV.  相似文献