Trametes versicolor Extract Modifies Human Fecal Microbiota Composition In vitro     

Zhuo-Teng Yu  Bo Liu  Purna Mukherjee  David S. Newburg 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2013,68(2):107-112

Trametes versicolor is a mushroom used as a traditional Chinese medicine (Yun-zhi) for a wide array of seemingly disparate conditions. We hypothesized that many of its multiple purported activities could be mediated through stimulation of beneficial mutualist components of the microbiota. Human fecal microbiota was cultured anaerobically to determine its ability to ferment a common extract of T. versicolor, designated polysaccharide peptide (PSP), and the ability of PSP to alter the composition of the microbial community. The presence of PSP and fructooligosaccharides (FOS, a common prebiotic) in the medium, but not cellulose, significantly increased levels of Bifidobacterium spp. PSP also elevated Lactobacillus spp., while reducing Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. Levels of Streptococcus spp., Bacteroides spp. and Escherichia did not significantly change. Fermentation of PSP increased the concentration of organic acids (lactate and short-chain fatty acids), decreased the pH, and induced β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase activities. The genera of the human microbiota that are promoted by FOS and other prebiotics are also stimulated by the Trametes versicolor extract, PSP. Thus, Trametes versicolor, a common East Asian botanical, contains putative prebiotic agents that alter human gut microbiota and pH. This prebiotic-like activity may help explain some of the plethora of the health benefits attributed to this traditional Chinese medicine.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis on haematological and immunological parameters of Catla catla (Hamilton)     

Rajesh Kumar  Subhas C. Mukherjee  Ritesh Ranjan  T. Vani  Rajeev K. Brahmachari  Sukanta K. Nayak 《Aquaculture International》2015,23(5):1275-1292

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Viral infections in cultured fish and shrimps: current status and treatment methods     

Mondal  Haimanti  Chandrasekaran  Natarajan  Mukherjee  Amitava  Thomas  John 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(1):227-262

Aquaculture is growing post-haste in recent years particularly in the fish and shrimp production. The rapid growth of aquaculture and increasing demand for fish have led to a rapid development of the fish and shrimp industry, resulting in increased production of both fish and shrimps. As a result, there is a greater risk of disease outbreaks. Mass mortalities in aquaculture are primarily due to infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Among them, viral diseases are the most devastating, causing huge loss in the production of both cultured fish and shellfishes. There are several effective methods of treatment for these disease outbreaks. This review focuses on various methods of controlling the viral pathogens using various treatment methods like use of medicinal plants and seaweed extracts, bioactive compounds from actinomycetes, vaccines, probiotic microbes, chemicals, nanoparticles, and green synthesis of nanoparticles.

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Interaction between Notch and Hif-alpha in development and survival of Drosophila blood cells     

Mukherjee T  Kim WS  Mandal L  Banerjee U 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6034):1210-1213

A blood cell type termed crystal cell in Drosophila functions in clotting and wound healing and requires Notch for specification and maintenance. We report that crystal cells express elevated levels of Sima protein orthologous to mammalian hypoxia-inducible factor-α (Hif-α) even under conditions of normal oxygen availability. In these platelet-like crystal cells, Sima activates full-length Notch receptor signaling via a noncanonical, ligand-independent mechanism that promotes hemocyte survival during both normal hematopoietic development and hypoxic stress. This interaction initiates in early endosomes, is independent of Hif-β (Τangο in Drosophila), and does not activate hypoxia response targets. Studies in vertebrate myeloid cells have shown a similar up-regulation of Hif-α protein in well-oxygenated environments. This study provides a mechanistic paradigm for Hif-α/Notch interaction that may be conserved in mammals.  相似文献   

Draft genome sequence of the sexually transmitted pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis     

Carlton JM  Hirt RP  Silva JC  Delcher AL  Schatz M  Zhao Q  Wortman JR  Bidwell SL  Alsmark UC  Besteiro S  Sicheritz-Ponten T  Noel CJ  Dacks JB  Foster PG  Simillion C  Van de Peer Y  Miranda-Saavedra D  Barton GJ  Westrop GD  Müller S  Dessi D  Fiori PL  Ren Q  Paulsen I  Zhang H  Bastida-Corcuera FD  Simoes-Barbosa A  Brown MT  Hayes RD  Mukherjee M  Okumura CY  Schneider R  Smith AJ  Vanacova S  Villalvazo M  Haas BJ  Pertea M  Feldblyum TV  Utterback TR  Shu CL  Osoegawa K  de Jong PJ  Hrdy I  Horvathova L  Zubacova Z  Dolezal P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,315(5809):207-212

We describe the genome sequence of the protist Trichomonas vaginalis, a sexually transmitted human pathogen. Repeats and transposable elements comprise about two-thirds of the approximately 160-megabase genome, reflecting a recent massive expansion of genetic material. This expansion, in conjunction with the shaping of metabolic pathways that likely transpired through lateral gene transfer from bacteria, and amplification of specific gene families implicated in pathogenesis and phagocytosis of host proteins may exemplify adaptations of the parasite during its transition to a urogenital environment. The genome sequence predicts previously unknown functions for the hydrogenosome, which support a common evolutionary origin of this unusual organelle with mitochondria.  相似文献   

Mineral status of Pangasius pangasius (Hamilton) fingerlings in relation to supplemental phytase: absorption, whole-body and bone mineral content     

Dipesh Debnath  Narottam P Sahu  Asim K Pal  Kamal K Jain  Sona Yengkokpam  Subhas C Mukherjee 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(4):326-335

A 60‐day feeding trial was conducted to quantify the effects of microbial phytase supplementation on apparent absorption, whole body and bone contents of minerals in Pangasius pangasius fingerlings. Seven isoprotein (35.67%) and isocaloric (3870 kcal kg^?1) diets were prepared with graded levels of supplemental phytase at 0 (T₁), 150 (T₂), 250 (T₃), 350 (T₄), 500 (T₅), 1000 (T₆) and 2000 (T₇) FTU (Phytase Units) kg^?1. Three hundred and fifteen fingerlings of P. pangasius (1.97–2.05 g) were randomly distributed in seven treatments with three replicates each. There was significant increase (P<0.05) in tissue protein content in phytase‐supplemented groups compared with the control. Apparent absorptions of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), potassium (K), copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the phytase‐supplemented groups than the control group. Faecal ash and P contents were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the control (T₁) than the phytase‐supplemented groups. Whole‐body contents of Ca, P, Zn, Fe, Cu and Co were significantly (P<0.05) improved by the dietary supplementation of phytase‐barring Mg and Mn. Concentrations of bone Ca, P, K, Cu and Co were significantly (P<0.05) higher in phytase‐supplemented groups. Bone ash contents (40.77–44.85%) were increased concomitantly with the increased level of phytase inclusion upto 500 FTU kg^?1 diet. It was observed that a minimum dose of 250 FTU phytase kg^?1 diet improved the mineral absorption and utilization in P. pangasius fingerlings.  相似文献   

Interactions of Dietary Microbial Phytase, Citric Acid and Crude Protein Level on Mineral Utilization by Rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton), Juveniles     

Kartik  Baruah  Narottam P.  Sahu  Asim K.  Pal  Dipesh  Debnath  Sona  Yengkokpam Subhas C.  Mukherjee 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2007,38(2):238-249

A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment was designed to study the effect of microbial phytase (MP), citric acid (CA), and crude protein (CP) and their interactions on mineral utilization by rohu, Labeo rohita, juveniles. Two basal diets containing 25% (subnormal) or 35% (normal) CP were supplemented with MP (units, U/kg) and CA (%) at 0, 0; 500, 0; 0, 3; and 500, 3, respectively and fed to 125 juveniles (average initial weight: 13.16 g/fish). MP did not affect fecal ash content but CA (3%) addition activated MP. Apparent absorption of Zn, its content in whole body and plasma, was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in CA‐ and MP‐fed groups. Interaction between CA and MP was found for increased absorption of Na, P, K, Mn, Mg, Fe, and N, their concentrations in whole body and plasma. Cu and Ca absorption, and their concentration in body and plasma were increased as a result of addition of CA, MP, or their interaction. Thus, bioavailability of major minerals was highest in groups fed diets containing 500‐U MP and 3% CA. This improvement was more prominent in subnormal CP diet. Growth performance was also highest in this group. Thus, CA and MP at 25% CP diet had synergistic effect on mineral bioavailability in L. rohita.  相似文献   

Ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica (A. Juss.) causing apoptosis by ROS upregulation in Dirofilaria immitis microfilaria     

Niladri Mukherjee  Prasanta SainiSuprabhat Mukherjee  Priya RoyPrajna Gayen  Santi P. Sinha Babu 《Research in veterinary science》2014

Dirofilaria immitis is the causative agent of cardiopulmonary dirofilariasis in the Canine family. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica leaves (EEA) against the microfilaria (mf) of D. immitis in vitro. EEA was evaluated for different compound classes through HPTLC. Relative motility, mortality and morphological alterations were observed in the mf after exposure to EEA. The effect of EEA on redox status in the treated mf was evaluated by some key enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters. An enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the treated mf along with altered redox status was evident. DNA fragmentation and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) confirmed apoptosis. In addition, western blotting revealed down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins. Taken together, the microfilaricidal activity of EEA can be attributed to its capacity to inflict oxidative stress culminating in apoptosis.  相似文献   

Screening of Yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.ssp. unguiculata cv.-gr. sesquipedalis) genotypes for seed,yield and disease resistance traits     

Shubha  Kumari  Choudhary  Arbind K.  Eram  Ayesha  Mukherjee  Anirban  Kumar  Ujjwal  Dubey  Abhishek Kumar 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(7):2307-2317

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Yardlong bean genotypes have wide variability in seed coat colours. This study sought to screen of yardlong bean genotypes based on seed coat colour,...  相似文献   

Atrazine degradation in boreal nonagricultural subsoil and tropical agricultural soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Aura O. Nousiainen  Katarina Björklöf  Sneha Sagarkar  Shinjini Mukherjee  Hemant J. Purohit  Atya Kapley  Kirsten S. Jørgensen 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(6):1179-1188

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine the natural atrazine degradation activity and the genetic potential in a soil profile spanning down to the groundwater zone, collected in Finland at a site where past use of atrazine has contaminated the groundwater, and in Indian agricultural topsoils having different histories of atrazine use.

Materials and methods

Atrazine degradation potential was assessed by quantifying the atrazine degradation genes atzA, trzN, and atzB by quantitative PCR reaction. Atrazine mineralization was studied by radiorespirometry in order to find out if these genes were expressed.

Results and discussion

Indian soils contained a large number up to 10⁴–10⁵ copies (g^?1 dry weight (dw) soil) of atrazine degradation genes after the first treatment with atrazine. These genes were also expressed, as up to 55 % of atrazine mineralized. Some unspecific binding of primers required thorough investigation and confirmation by sequencing of the qPCR products in the agricultural soil samples. The degradation capability of the nonagricultural boreal soil profile was much lower: atrazine degradation genes were present at detection limit (10² copies g^?1 soil), but mineralization studies indicated that these genes were not transcribed, since no or very little atrazine mineralization was observed.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that when atrazine was applied in agricultural practice, the soil atrazine degradation capacity was high. The organisms responsible for the degradation were effectively degrading atrazine already 3 months after the first treatment with atrazine. However, in boreal soil, decades after atrazine use had been discontinued, residual atrazine was not degraded even though a small number of degradation genes could still be detected in soil. There is a need for more specific primers for qPCR in tropical soils.  相似文献