Multivirus Detection from Japanese Landraces of Potato by Reverse Transcription–Polymerase Chain Reaction–Microplate Hybridization     

Tetsuo Maoka  Takato Nakayama  Mugiko Taniguchi  Yasushi Kano  Akiko Suzuki  Masatoshi Sato  Tatsuji Hataya  Emiko Koizumi  Ken Noguchi 《Potato Research》2013,56(2):147-156

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Inter-MITE polymorphisms of a newly identified MITE show relationships among sugarcane (Saccharum) species     

Shigeki Nakayama 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(7):1389-1396

Sugarcane, one of the most important tropical crops, belongs the genus Saccharum. This genus consists of six species, four cultivated and two wild. The domestication histories of the four cultivated Saccharum species is an interesting and important topic of study. Previous studies have categorized the four cultivated species into two groups, one consisting only of S. edule and the other comprising S. officinarum, S. sinense and S. barberi. All four species have inherited the genomic DNA of S. robustum, one of two wild relative species. Saccharum species have large genomes with complex structures, as evidenced by chromosomes with a high degree of polyploidy, alloploidy and aneuploidy. Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are class II (DNA) transposons that disperse throughout the plant genome. In this study, a Tourist family MITE sequence with 18/19-bp terminal inverted repeats and a 2-bp target site duplication was newly identified from genomic DNA of S. robustum. The abundant accumulation of this MITE sequence in the sugarcane genome enabled the application of inter-MITE polymorphism (IMP) analysis to Saccharum. IMP analysis revealed the genetic relationships among all six Saccharum species and the domestication histories of the four cultivated species.  相似文献   

Development of PCR-based DNA marker for detection of white carrot contamination caused by Y2 locus     

Taeko Shibaya  Chika Kuroda  Shinobu Nakayama  Chiharu Minami  Akiko Obara  Takayoshi Fujii  Sachiko Isobe 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):201

In carrot (Daucus carota L.), the taproot colors orange, yellow and white are determined mostly by the Y, Y2, and Or loci. One of the most severe issues in carrot seed production is contamination by wild white carrot. To evaluate the contamination ratio, easily detectable DNA markers for white carrot are desired. To develop PCR-based DNA markers for the Y2 locus, we have re-sequenced two orange-colored carrot cultivars at our company (Fujii Seed, Japan), as well as six white- and one light-orange-colored carrots that contaminated our seed products. Within the candidate region previously reported for the Y2 locus, only one DNA marker, Y2_7, clearly distinguished white carrots from orange ones in the re-sequenced samples. The Y2_7 marker was further examined in 12 of the most popular hybrid orange cultivars in Japan, as well as ‘Nantes’ and ‘Chantenay Red Cored 2’. The Y2_7 marker showed that all of the orange cultivars examined had the orange allele except for ‘Beta-441’. False white was detected in the orange-colored ‘Beta-441’. The Y2_7 marker detected white root carrot contamination in an old open-pollinated Japanese cultivar, ‘Nakamura Senkou Futo’. This marker would be a useful tool in a carrot seed quality control for some cultivars.  相似文献   

Genotypic characterization and steviol glycoside quantification in a population of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni from Paraguay     

Bogado-Villalba  Liz  Nakayama Nakashima  Héctor  Britos  Rosanna  Iehisa  Julio Cesar Masaru  Flores Giubi  María Eugenia 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2021,24(2):145-152

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni is a widely grown species in various regions of the world, mainly due to its sweetening properties attributed to...  相似文献   

Infection of a group of boar-hunting dogs with Paragonimus westermani in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan     

Kirino Y  Nakano N  Hagio M  Hidaka Y  Nakamura-Uchiyama F  Nawa Y  Horii Y 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,158(4):376-379

A 5-year-old male mixed-bred boar-hunting dog with a Plott hound background weighing 23 kg was brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Miyazaki, in October 2002. The dog was diagnosed with active infection with the lung fluke Paragonimus westermani by serological testing and also by detection of parasite eggs in his feces. Subsequent examination of four other dogs working with this dog as a boar-hunting team revealed that all five dogs were infected with P. westermani.  相似文献   

Flowering behaviors of the inflorescences of an alien plant (Plantago asiatica), an alpine plant (Plantago hakusanensis), and their hybrids on Mt. Hakusan,Japan          下载免费PDF全文

Saki Sano  Yuichiro Nakayama  Kentaro Ohigashi  Tatsuya Nogami  Atsushi Yagyu 《Weed Biology and Management》2016,16(3):108-118

In the subalpine zone on Mt. Hakusan, Japan, Plantago asiatica, an alien plant, and Plantago hakusanensis, a native alpine species, grow sympatrically along with their putative hybrids. Here, their flowering behavior, which affects the frequency of hybridization and the colonizing ability of P. asiatica and its hybrids, is described. The flowering behavior of each species and of two F₁ hybrids from different seed parents was determined based on the position of the flower in the inflorescence by using a generalized linear mixed model. The percentage fruit set of individually bagged inflorescences was calculated to corroborate the assumptions of the opportunities for self‐pollination. All the flowers were protogynous; however, many P. asiatica anthers dehisced before browning of the stigma in the flower and the sex presentations in the inflorescence were asynchronous. The percentage of fruit set was high. Consequently, P. asiatica has the opportunity for self‐pollination within the flower and in the inflorescence. In contrast, the P. hakusanensis anthers dehisced after browning of the stigma in the flower; their sex presentation was synchronous in the inflorescence, showing negligible opportunities for self‐pollination, and the fruit set was low. Accordingly, in the field, P. hakusanensis might require pollination among the inflorescences for seed production and be actively outcrossed, while P. asiatica is able to outcross in the early flowering phase. Therefore, P. asiatica and P. hakusanensis have opportunities for hybridization. The F₁ hybrids exhibited intermediate flowering behavior and produced fruits, demonstrating the potential to reproduce by selfing.  相似文献   

Effect of two whole-crop rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on methane emission and Cu and Zn uptake in a paddy field fertilized with biogas slurry     

Aye Thida Win  Daisuke Ito  Seiya Chikamatsu  Takashi Motobayashi  Natsuko Takahashi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2016,62(1):99-105

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of two whole-crop rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, TULT and Takanari, on methane (CH₄) emission in a paddy field fertilized with biogas slurry (BS) at rates of 0 (NF), 100 (BS100) and 300 (BS300) kg nitrogen (N) ha^?1, in comparison with chemical fertilizer CF100 (100 kg N ha^?1). Takanari produced significantly higher biomass (P < 0.001) than TULT and showed significantly (P < 0.01) lower CH₄ emission than TULT. BS applications caused higher CH₄ emission (52 ± 27 and 80 ± 19 g m^?2 in BS100 and BS300, respectively) than did CF100 (42 ± 18 g m^?2) and NF (28 ± 10 g m^?2) in TULT. In contrast, there was no significant difference in CH₄ emission in Takanari among the treatments (26 ± 2, 26 ± 2, 32 ± 4, 29 ± 8 g m^?2 in NF, CF100, BS100 and BS300, respectively). Methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB) showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher populations in Takanari than in TULT at harvest, which might be due to the higher root biomass (10.3 ± 2.2 g hill^?1) in Takanari than in TULT (8.9 ± 1.8 g hill^?1). MOB was significantly correlated with tiller number (R² = 0.176*) and plant biomass (R² = 0.242*). BS application showed higher copper (Cu) uptake in Takanari while it was not high in TULT. In contrast, it showed no difference in zinc (Zn) uptake in both varieties. Uptake of Cu was not different between the two varieties, while uptake of Zn in the grain was higher in TULT than in Takanari. The present study suggests that CH₄ emission deriving from BS application in paddy field can be mitigated by selecting an appropriate cultivar, like Takanari. However, care should be taken for heavy metal uptake in selecting cultivars.  相似文献   

Development of EST-SSR markers and construction of a linkage map in faba bean (Vicia faba)     

Walid El-Rodeny  Mitsuhiro Kimura  Hideki Hirakawa  Attia Sabah  Kenta Shirasawa  Shusei Sato  Satoshi Tabata  Shigemi Sasamoto  Akiko Watanabe  Kumiko Kawashima  Midori Kato  Tsuyuko Wada  Hisano Tsuruoka  Chika Takahashi  Chiharu Minami  Keiko Nanri  Shinobu Nakayama  Mitsuyo Kohara  Manabu Yamada  Yoshie Kishida  Tsunakazu Fujishiro  Sachiko Isobe 《Breeding Science》2014,64(3):252-263

To develop a high density linkage map in faba bean, a total of 1,363 FBES (Faba bean expressed sequence tag [EST]-derived simple sequence repeat [SSR]) markers were designed based on 5,090 non-redundant ESTs developed in this study. A total of 109 plants of a ‘Nubaria 2’ × ‘Misr 3’ F₂ mapping population were used for map construction. Because the parents were not pure homozygous lines, the 109 F₂ plants were divided into three subpopulations according to the original F₁ plants. Linkage groups (LGs) generated in each subpopulation were integrated by commonly mapped markers. The integrated ‘Nubaria 2’ × ‘Misr 3’ map consisted of six LGs, representing a total length of 684.7 cM, with 552 loci. Of the mapped loci, 47% were generated from multi-loci diagnostic (MLD) markers. Alignment of homologous sequence pairs along each linkage group revealed obvious syntenic relationships between LGs in faba bean and the genomes of two model legumes, Lotus japonicus and Medicago truncatula. In a polymorphic analysis with ten Egyptian faba bean varieties, 78.9% (384/487) of the FBES markers showed polymorphisms. Along with the EST-SSR markers, the dense map developed in this study is expected to accelerate marker assisted breeding in faba bean.  相似文献   

Comprehensive immunohistochemical studies on canine necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME), necrotizing leukoencephalitis (NLE), and granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME)     

Park ES  Uchida K  Nakayama H 《Veterinary pathology》2012,49(4):682-692

In dogs, there are several idiopathic meningoencephalitides, such as necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME), necrotizing leukoencephalitis (NLE), and granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME). Although they are often assumed to be immune mediated, the etiology of these diseases remains elusive. In this study, the histopathology of the lesions caused by these conditions and the inflammatory cell populations produced in response to them were examined among dogs affected with GME, NME, or NLE to understand their pathogeneses. The brain tissues of dogs with NME (n = 25), NLE (n = 5), or GME (n = 9) were used. The inflammatory cells were identified by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against CD3, IgG, CD20, CD79acy, and CD163. In NME and NLE, malacic changes were located in the cerebral cortex, as well as the cerebral white matter and thalamus, respectively. The distribution of the brain lesions in NME and NLE was breed specific. In GME, granulomatous lesions that were mostly composed of epithelioid macrophages were observed in the cerebral white matter, cerebellum, and brainstem. Although the proportions of IgG-, CD20-, and CD79acy-positive cells (B cells) were not significantly different among the GME, NME, and NLE lesions, that of CD3-positive cells (T cells) was increased in GME. In NME and NLE, CD163-positive cells (macrophages) had diffusely infiltrated the cerebral cortex and white matter, respectively. However, in GME, CD163-positive cells accumulated around the blood vessels in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter. The distributions of these lesions were quite different among GME, NME, and NLE, whereas there were no marked differences in the proportions of inflammatory cells.  相似文献   

Shrinkage of shrub forest and recovery of mire ecosystem by river restoration in northern Japan     

Tadanobu Nakayama 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008

Because anthropogenic stressors have caused mire degradations in the subarctic northern Japan such as the drying and the invasion of alder-dominant shrub forest, the Japanese governments recently started a new project to restore a meandering former river channel in the catchment in order to diminish shrub forest and to recover mire ecosystem. In this study, the author developed the integrated catchment-based eco-hydrology model to include the mass transport and vegetation succession processes in the mire (NICE-VEG). NICE-VEG simulated the water/heat budget, the mass transport, and vegetation succession processes iteratively including the competition between two vegetation types (alder-dominant shrub forest and reed–sedge vegetation) in order to evaluate the relationship between drying and alder invasion in the mire and to clarify a method for mire recovery. NICE-VEG reproduced well the alder invasion in the mire so far by various anthropogenic stressors, which indicate that it is important to add newly the growth reduction factor for water table depth in the model. Simulation results indicated that restoring meanders to the river channel could be effective for decreasing discharge and sediment loading of the river, and increasing groundwater level at the downstream of restoration area around the mire. Simulation also forecasted the mire recovery more or less by restoring meanders to the river channel in the future. These results suggest that the policy of river restoration could be effective as one of mire conservation plans for the recovery of mire vegetation. It is powerful to apply the process-based model to assess the linkage of hydrological change and vegetation succession.  相似文献