Antigenic relatedness of "Bacillus piliformis" from Tyzzer's disease occurring in Japan and other regions   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

K Fujiwara  M Nakayama  H Nakayama  W Toriumi  S Oguihara  A Thunert 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1985,47(1):9-16

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Pathological observation of six cases of feline diabetes mellitus     

H Nakayama  K Uchida  K Ono  N Goto 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1990,52(4):819-822

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Irrigated guayule — Plant growth and production     

D.A. Bucks  F.S. Nakayama  O.F. French  B.A. Rasnick  W.L. Alexander 《Agricultural Water Management》1985,10(1):81-93

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) has the potential to alleviate future natural rubber shortages and to provide economic benefits to people in arid lands. A study was initiated to obtain information on guayule plant growth and rubber production as influenced by water management and water use. Annual guayule rubber yields from 2-year-old plants were as high as 500 kg/ha for a whole plant harvest and 300 kg/ha for clipped plants cut 100 mm above the ground using present cultivars under a wet irrigation regime in central Arizona. The clipped plants, when allowed to continue growing, will provide another harvest in 1 or 2 years with a cumulative yield that could be greater than a single harvest of 4-year-old plants. Rubber yield from the wet was twice that of the dry irrigation treatment. Plant height, volume and weight, leaf area, and resin yield were also higher on the wet treatment and decreased in a uniform manner from the wet to dry. Conversely, rubber concentration was higher in the drier than in the watter treatments. Rubber concentration was also higher in the branches than in the roots of the plant. Plant biomass was observed to be closely related to plant height, plant volume, or crown diameter in young plants so that biomass production can be predicted from these plant parameters. Seasonal growth and production patterns also indicated optimum whole plant harvest dates would be from February to March or October to November of each calender year.  相似文献   

Astrocytoma in an African hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) suspected wobbly hedgehog syndrome     

Nakata M  Miwa Y  Itou T  Uchida K  Nakayama H  Sakai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(10):1333-1335

A 28-month-old African hedgehog was referred to our hospital with progressive tetraparesis. On the first presentation, the hedgehog was suspected as having wobbly hedgehog syndrome (WHS) and the animal was treated with medication and rehabilitation. The animal died 22 days after onset. Pathological examination revealed that the animal was involved in astrocytoma between the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord (C1). This report indicates that a primary central nervous system tumor should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses for hedgehogs presenting with progressive paresis, together with WHS.  相似文献   

The prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in two species of invasive alien mammals in Japan     

Nakamura I  Obi T  Sakemi Y  Nakayama A  Miyazaki K  Ogura G  Tamaki M  Oka T  Takase K  Miyamoto A  Kawamoto Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(8):1067-1070

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in 128 Escherichia coli isolates was investigated in two species of invasive alien mammals (IAMs): the small Asian mongoose (SAM) and Japanese weasel (JW). The SAM is found on the main island of Okinawa, Japan, where a large number of livestock is available, and the JW is present on a small island, where is isolated from the main island, and have a small number of livestock. We focused on the two IAMs, inhabiting under the different environments, and compared their prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli. In the comparison of the frequencies of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli isolates between the SAM and JW, JW showed significantly higher prevalence of resistance against three drugs, ampicillin, chlortetracycline and nalidixic acid, compared with SAM's test results (P<0.05). The bla(TEM) gene and the aph1 gene were detected in 35 subjects (91%) of ampicillin-resistant isolates and 6 subjects (100%) of kanamycin-resistant isolates, respectively. The tet (A) gene was detected in 62 subjects (46%) of CTC-resistant isolates, and the tet (B) gene was detected in 25 subjects (8%) of those in IAM. The present results suggest that some IAMs were the carrier of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and their genes, and the frequencies of these resistances were different between two IAM species.  相似文献   

Simulation of the effect of irrigation on the hydrologic cycle in the highly cultivated Yellow River Basin   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tadanobu Nakayama 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2011,151(3):314-327

To account for complex and diverse water system involving river dry-up, groundwater degradation, agricultural/urban water use, and dam/canal effects in heavily irrigated Yellow River Basin, this study coupled NIES Integrated Catchment-based Eco-hydrology (NICE) model series with more complex sub-models involving various factors (NICE-DRY). The model reproduced reasonably evapotranspiration, irrigation water use, groundwater level, and river discharge during spring/winter wheat, summer maize, and summer rice cultivations. Scenario analysis predicted the impact of irrigation on both surface water and groundwater, which had previously been difficult to evaluate. The simulated discharge with irrigation was improved in terms of mean value, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. Another scenario analysis of conversion from dryland to irrigated fields predicted that the effect of groundwater irrigation was predominant in the middle and downstream and the resultant groundwater degradation predominantly, where surface water was seriously limited. Simulated dry biomasses of wheat and maize were linearly related to Time-Integrated Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (TINDVI) estimated from satellite images. Temporal gradient of TINDVI during 1982-1999 showed spatially heterogeneous distribution and increasing trends in the wheat and maize fields, indicating that the production increases were related to irrigation water and the resultant hydrologic changes. This integrated approach could help to estimate a close relationship between crop production, hydrologic cycle, and water availability, and predict heterogeneous vulnerability of water resources. Because this region experienced substantial river dry-up and groundwater degradation at the end of the 20th century, this approach would help to overcome substantial pressures of increasing food demand and declining water availability, and to decide on appropriate measures for whole water resources management to achieve sustainable development under sound socio-economic conditions.  相似文献   

Identification of metabolites in plasma and urine of Uruguayan propolis-treated rats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kumazawa S  Shimoi K  Hayashi K  Ishii T  Hamasaka T  Nakayama T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(10):3083-3088

Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from various plant sources. It is extensively used in food and beverages to improve health and prevent diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. To investigate the absorption and metabolism of the components in propolis, in the present study, we administered ethanol extracts of Uruguayan propolis (poplar type propolis) orally to rats and analyzed their plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array and mass spectrometric detection. After deconjugation of the components by beta-glucuronidase/sulfatase treatment of the specimen, pinobanksin 5-methyl ether, pinobanksin, kaempferol, chrysin, pinocembrin, and galangin were detected in plasma of rats orally administered propolis. These compounds were detected also in urine after beta-glucuronidase/sulfatase treatment. Furthermore, pinobanksin 5-methyl ether, pinobanksin, chrysin, pinocembrin, and galangin were present in the urine also in free form. These results suggest that flavonoids in propolis are metabolized and circulate in the body after oral administration of propolis.  相似文献   

Effect of supplementation of soy sauce oil and Ca salts of fatty acids on rumen fermentation,milk production and conjugated linoleic acid in milk of dairy cows     

Hiroko SHIBATA  Natsuko HASHIZUME  Masudur R. GAZI  Kenji SERA  Eisei KATO  Toshihiro OHMORI  Michio KANBE  Yoshiaki OBARA  Shuhei KANDA  Hisao ITABASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(4):554-559

Eight cows were used to evaluate the effects of supplementation of soy sauce oil (SO) or Ca salts of fatty acids (FA) on rumen fermentation and milk production. The control diet (CO) consisted mainly of hay, corn silage and a concentrate. In the experimental diets, 400 g/day per cow of SO or FA (soybean oil and rapeseed oil) was supplemented to the CO diet. Experimental period for the three treatments was 14 days, and milk samples were taken during the last 2 days and rumen sample was taken on the last day. Dry matter intake was not affected by the treatments. The number of rumen protozoa at 0 h increased by SO and FA diets. Total volatile fatty acids at 2 h after feeding of SO diet was decreased compared to CO. The milk composition yield did not differ among treatments, although the percentages of fat and protein were decreased by SO and FA diets. The proportions of C8–C16 fatty acids in milk fat decreased, and those of C18 increased by SO and FA diets. The proportion of cis‐9, trans‐11 conjugated linoleic acid in milk fat by SO and FA diets increased by 120% and 135%, respectively. In spite of the slight suppression of rumen fermentation by SO diet, negative effects on feed intake and milk production were not detected.  相似文献   

Involvement of autoregulation in the interaction between rhizobial nodulation and AM fungal colonization in soybean roots     

Kazunori Sakamoto  Natsuko Ogiwara  Tomomitsu Kaji 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2013,49(8):1141-1152

Soybean plants autoregulate to suppress excessive nodulation. It has been revealed recently that the autoregulation of various legumes controls both nodulation and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal colonization. We investigated the involvement of autoregulation in the interaction between rhizobial nodulation and AM fungal colonization. We used a wild-type soybean cv. Enrei and its hypernodulating mutant Kanto100, defective in the autoregulation. We included four different treatments: an uninoculated control, inoculation with rhizobium Bradyrhizobium japonicum alone, inoculation with AM fungus Gigaspora rosea alone, and dual inoculation with rhizobium and AM fungus. In both Enrei and Kanto100, AM fungal colonization enhanced the weight and N₂ fixation of nodules, suggesting that autoregulation of host plant is not involved in the stimulatory effect of AM fungal colonization on rhizobial nodulation. In plants with the AM fungus alone, the AM fungal colonization of Enrei was comparable to that of Kanto100. In plants with dual inoculation, however, this was significantly (P?<?0.05) lower than in Kanto100. To confirm the control of AM fungal colonization by the autoregulation of host plant, a reciprocal grafting experiment was performed between Enrei and Kanto100. In plants with the AM fungus alone, AM fungal colonization was comparable among Enrei (shoot)/Enrei (root), Enrei/Kanto100, Kanto100/Enrei, and Kanto100/Kanto100 grafts. In plants with dual inoculation, however, AM fungal colonization of Enrei/Enrei and Enrei/Kanto100 grafts was significantly (P?<?0.05) lower than that of Kanto100/Enrei and Kanto100/Kanto100. These results indicate that rhizobial nodulation suppresses AM fungal colonization, and the autoregulation of host plant, initiated by nodulation, is involved in this phenomenon.  相似文献   

Eradication of predatory fishes in shrimp farms by utilization of Thai tea seed     

Makoto Terazaki  Prapan Tharnbuppa  Yashima Nakayama 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1980,19(3):235-242

The chief predatory fishes found in shrimp culture ponds in Thailand are Tilapia mossambica, Lates calcarifer, Scatophagus argus, Eluetheronema tetradactylum, Goviupterus chuno, Mystus sp., and other gobies. The eradication of predators, mostly fishes, is necessary for good management of any shrimp farm. Tea seed grown in northern Thailand has been used for this purpose. Quantitative analysis of crude saponin in the tea seed was conducted and some biological tests on the toxicity of crude saponin to fish were performed.The effective dosage of crude saponin for the eradication of predatory fishes was 1.1 ppm, but shrimp, crabs, copepoda, rotifers and brine shrimp (Crustacea) all survived this concentration. The lethal time for fishes increased in proportion to their body weight and the salinity of the pond. The toxicity of the saponin weakened with time.  相似文献