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Abdelfatah Abdelsalam Mustafa Nitin Tyagi Mayank Gautam Alkesh Chaudhari Jawid Sediqi 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(8):1637-1644
Fifteen close up pregnant Murrah buffaloes of mean body weight (668.3 ± 24.03) kg, lactation number (2.8 ± 0.17) and expected producing ability (EPA) (2125.7 ± 46.34) were randomly distributed into three groups each of five animals to investigate the performance at different levels of metabolizable energy and protein. Control group was fed as per ICAR Nutrient requirements of animals (2013) recommendation whereas treatment group (1) high metabolizable energy and high metabolizable protein (HMEMP) and group (2) low metabolizable energy and low metabolizable protein (LMEMP) were offered with ration containing 15% more and 15% less ME and MP, respectively. The feeding trial was carried out for the period of 40 days before parturition and continued for 120 days after parturition. Intake of dry matter (DM) (%BW) was similar among experimental groups. Metabolizable energy (ME) (MJ/100 kg BW) and metabolizable protein (MP) (g/100 kg BW) intake was highest in HMEMP followed by control and LMEMP group, respectively. Digestibility trial of 7 days was conducted at 60 days post-partum and it was observed that apparent digestibility coefficients (%) of DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extracts (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were similar among the experimental groups. Milk yield (kg/kg DMI) was similar among treatment groups whereas 6% fat corrected milk (FCM) was lower in LMEMP group as compared to HMEMP and control. No significant effect of dietary MP and ME levels on milk composition was observed among experimental groups. There were no significant difference in non esterified fatty acid (NEFA), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), growth hormone (GH) and insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1) concentration among different experimental groups whereas concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) (μg/ml) was found to be lower in LMEMP. The study results indicate that nutrient digestibility and lactation performance was not affected with 15% variation in intakes of ME and MP in lactating Murrah buffaloes. 相似文献
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Nirmala B. Dhanawade Dewanand R. Kalorey R. Srinivasan Sukhadeo B. Barbuddhe Nitin V. Kurkure 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(1):81-89
Biofilm production by Staphylococcus aureus, an important virulence factor was investigated employing phenotypic and genotypic methods. A total of 102 S. aureus isolates from bovine subclinical mastitis cases were included in the study. Maximum number of biofilm producing strains were
detected by Congo red agar (CRA) method (48.03%) followed by tube method (36.27%). Tissue culture plate method (TCP) without
and with destaining identified 19.60 and 29.41% of S. aureus as biofilm producers, respectively. A polymerase chain reaction for detection of intercellular adhesion genes, icaA and icaD, responsible for biofilm formation was standardized. Of the 102 S. aureus isolates investigated, 36 (35.29%) strains revealed presence of both the genes. Considering polymerase chain reaction as
a standard test, CRA and TCP without destaining were the most sensitive and specific, respectively. PCR technique standardized
for detection of the icaA and icaD genes is reliable for identifying biofilm producing potential of S. aureus which may help in rapid detection of biofilm-producer Staphylococci. This would allow the early application of control measures. 相似文献
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Mangrulkar Priti A. Yadav Renu Meshram Jyotsna S. Labhsetwar Nitin K. Rayalu Sadhana S. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(2):819-825
In the present investigation, we report the immobilization of the enzyme tyrosinase on mesoporous silica material, i.e. MCM-41
to serve as a tool for the detection of phenol. The enzyme immobilized onto the MCM-41 matrix has shown to retain its activity
and is quite stable. The immobilization of enzyme has been discussed, and the various factors that affect the loading of enzyme
onto MCM-41 were studied and optimized. The applicability of tyrosinase-immobilized MCM-41 was then demonstrated for the detection
of phenol. The lowest detectable concentration of phenol by tyrosinase-immobilized MCM-41 was observed to be 1 mg l−1. The factors influencing the detection of phenol were then studied in detail. 相似文献
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Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) to predict bulk density (BD) from basic soil data are presented. Available data pertaining to seasonally impounded shrink–swell soils of Jabalpur district in the Madhya Pradesh state of India were used for the study. The data included horizon-wise information of 41 soil profiles in the study area covering nearly 5 million ha. Six independent variables, namely textural data (sand, silt and clay), field capacity (FC), permanent wilting point (PWP) and organic carbon content (OC) were used as input in hierarchical steps to establish dependencies, with bulk density as the dependent variable, using statistical regression and artificial neural networks. The PTFs derived using neural networks [average root mean square error (RMSE) 0.05] were relatively better than statistical regression PTFs (average RMSE > 0.1). The best-performing PTFs required input data on sand, silt content, FC and PWP, with lowest prediction errors (RMSE 0.01, maximum absolute error (MAE) 0.01) and highest values of index of agreement (d, 0.95) and R 2 (0.65). Use of measures of structure, as well as information on pore structure, was found to be essential to derive acceptable PTFs. Inclusion of OC as an input variable showed relatively better fitting to the training data set, implying an underlying relationship between OC and BD, but the neural networks could not mimic the relationship when tested against subset. 相似文献
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Yueping Zheng Mantri Nitin Lanlan Wang Yongming Ruan Bo Jiang Zonggen Shen 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(1):10-19
Squash silverleaf induced by the geographical variant Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an economically important disease of Cucurbita pepo L. in tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. Therefore, both early detection of disease severity and judicious use of insecticides are important for minimizing economic losses. Therefore, the aims of this study were to use chlorophyll fluorescence to detect squash silverleaf early and determine the best protocol for imidacloprid application. The results showed that chlorophyll fluorescence was positively correlated with disease severity of whitefly-infested plants. Foliar spraying was suitable for application to control MEAM1 in the high risk region because it could be rapidly implemented against whitefly infestations and because it has a high knockdown rate. Soil application was slow-acting but had a long-lasting effect and was suitable for implementation during the initial stage of a whitefly outbreak. Considering the overall insect control potential and the risks to the environmental contamination and human health, 0.3 g L?1 imidacloprid is the recommended concentration using the two application methods. 相似文献
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Tyagi Nitin Thakur Sudarshan S. Shelke Sachin K. 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(8):1749-1755
Objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of supplementation of bypass fat on milk production and reproductive
performance of crossbred cows. Nineteen multiparous crossbred cows (2–4 lactation) were divided in two groups on the basis
of most probable production ability (MPPA). The animals in group 1 (nine cows, MPPA 3,441.32 kg, control group G1) were fed
chaffed wheat straw, chopped green maize, and concentrate mixture as per requirements while the animals in group 2 (10 cows,
MPPA 3,457.2 kg, treatment group G2) were fed the same ration supplemented with 2.5% bypass fat (on DMI basis). The cows of
G2 were supplemented bypass fat 40 days prepartum to 90 days postpartum and carry over effect of supplementation on milk production
and reproductive parameters was monitored up to 210 days of lactation. Average birth weights of the calves were 24.94 and
27.95 kg in G1 and G2, respectively. The calving per cent in G1 (88.88%) was lower than that of G2 (100%). The time taken
for expulsion of fetal membranes was decreased (P < 0.05) by 5.4 h in G2 compared to G1. Days required for involution of uterus was less (P < 0.05) in G2 (35.40 days) than that of G1 (49.44 days). Less number of cases of retention of fetal membranes (RFM) and metritis
were observed in G2 as compared to that of G1. The average milk yield (210 days) in G2 was higher (P < 0.05) than that of G1 (18.65 vs 17.57 kg/day). Similarly, the milk yield during the carry over period (90 days) was higher
(P < 0.05) in G2 than that of G1 (14.81 vs 13.79 kg/day). The time required for onset of cyclicity was reduced (P < 0.05) by 6.5 days in G2 as compared to that of G1. The service period and AI per conception were also reduced (P < 0.05) in G2 while bypass fat feeding showed no effect on conception rate (P < 0.80). There were no differences between the two groups in plasma cholesterol, progesterone and insulin concentrations.
Hence, it was concluded that bypass fat supplementation at 2.5% of DMI increased the milk production and reduced the time
required for involution of uterus and commencement of cyclicity. AI per conception, incidences of metritis and RFM were also
reduced on supplementing bypass fat. 相似文献
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Bansiwal AK Rayalu SS Labhasetwar NK Juwarkar AA Devotta S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(13):4773-4779
The feasibility of using surfactant-modified zeolite (SMZ) as a carrier for fertilizer and for slow release of phosphorus (P) was investigated. Zeolite-A was modified by using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, a cationic surfactant, to modify its surface to increase its capacity to retain anion, namely, phosphate (PO4(3-)). SMZ was thoroughly characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and scanning electron microscopy to study the effect of surfactant modification. Zeolite-A and SMZ were then subjected to P loading by treating them with fertilizer (KH2PO4). It was observed that the P loading on SMZ increased by a factor of 4.9 as compared to the unmodified zeolite-A. A comparative study of the release of P from fertilizer-loaded unmodified zeolite-A and SMZ and from solid KH2PO4 was performed using the constant flow percolation reactor. The results show that the P supply from fertilizer-loaded SMZ was available even after 1080 h of continuous percolation, whereas P from KH2PO4 was exhausted within 264 h. The results indicate that SMZ is a good sorbent for PO4(3-), and a slow release of P was achievable. These properties suggest that SMZ has a great potential as the fertilizer carrier for slow release of P. 相似文献