Effects of exposure to a 50 Hz electric field on plasma levels of lactate, glucose, free Fatty acids, triglycerides and creatine phosphokinase activity in hind-limb ischemic rats     

Harakawa S  Inoue N  Hori T  Tochio K  Kariya T  Takahashi K  Doge F  Martin DE  Saito A  Suzuki H  Nagasawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(10):969-974

We previously reported that extremely low frequency electric fields (ELF-EFs) affect energy metabolism in stressed conditions. To further confirm this, the effect of exposure to ELF-EFs on the experimental ischemic rat was examined. The test was based on a comparison of rats treated with EF alone, ischemic surgery alone, the combination of EF with ischemic surgery, or no treatment (double sham). The EF condition used in this study was an alternating current of 50 Hz EF at 17 500 V/m intensity for 15 min per day. The exposure to EF in ischemic rats significantly decreased plasma levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides, compared to those of the no treatment or EF alone group. The plasma lactate levels of two ischemic groups peaked on experimental day-4 and gradually decreased until the end of the study. The changes in the lactate levels induced by ischemia did not show any difference between rats treated with ischemia alone or a combination of ischemia with an EF. Any changes in plasma levels of glucose and creatine phosphokinase activity were not influenced by EF treatment. These results indicate that the EF effect on glycolysis parameters, plasma lactate or glucose levels, does not appear in a highly stressed condition and that EF effects varied dependent on the condition of organism but ELF-EF used in this study have impact on lipid metabolism parameter in a hind-limb ischemic rat. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the association of ELF-EF with the lipid metabolism system.  相似文献   

Relationship between growth and plasma concentrations of ghrelin and growth hormone in juvenile beagle dogs     

Yokoyama M  Murakami N  Naganobu K  Hosoda H  Kangawa K  Nakahara K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(11):1189-1192

Although the release of growth hormone (GH) is known to be regulated mainly by GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SRIF) secreted from the hypothalamus, ghrelin also may be involved in GH release during juvenile period. We have examined plasma concentrations of acylated ghrelin, desacyl ghrelin, and GH in juvenile beagle dogs. Plasma acylated and desacyl ghrelin levels changed through aging; however, there was no closely correlation between ghrelin, body weight and circulating GH levels during juvenile period. The increase in body weight was essentially linear until 8 months of age, whereas plasma GH concentrations exhibited bimodal peaks for the meanwhile. The results suggest that ghrelin may not play internal cueing in GH secretion in juvenile beagle dogs.  相似文献   

Ebstein's anomaly in a beagle dog     

Takemura N  Machida N  Nakagawa K  Amasaki H  Washizu M  Hirose H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(4):531-533

An intact male beagle dog aged 1 year was referred because of shortness of breath, exercise intolerance and cardiac murmur. Based on the results from electrocardiography, thoracic radiography and echocardiography, the dog was diagnosed as Ebstein's anomaly. Although the orally administered digoxin, vasodilators and diuretics partially improved congestive signs, the dog became to be refractory and died 20 months after the diagnosis. Necropsy confirmed malformation and apical displacement of the basal attachment of tricuspid valve leaflets.  相似文献   

Availability of NMR microscopic observation of mouse embryo disorder: examination in malformations induced by maternal administration of retinoic acid     

Sugimoto M  Manabe N  Morita M  Tanaka T  Okamoto R  Imanishi S  Miyamoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(5):427-433

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) microscopy is a magnetic resonance imaging method with enhanced spatial resolution due to the use of a high static magnetic field and high magnetic field gradients. It is considered to be a useful tool for non-invasive and continuous investigation of tissue and organs at the histological level. In this study, we applied NMR microscopy to assessment of morphology in mouse embryos using a developmental disorder model induced by retinoic acid administration. Pregnant mice were given 50 mg/kg all-trans retinoic acid at 8.5 dpc. Embryos were collected at several time points after treatment and examined by NMR microscopy after fixation. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional spin echo sequences were used. Tissue contrast on two-dimensional images changed according to length of repetition time and echo time, and also to developmental stage of embryos. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional images nondestructively demonstrated defects in development of the skeleton and soft tissue, e.g. hypoplasia of vertebrae in the lumbar and tail regions and dysplasia of the spinal cord, in embryos exposed to retinoic acid. These morphological abnormalities were confirmed by conventional assessment after imaging. Although further improvements are required, NMR microscopy will provide a new approach for multi-parameter assessment of embryonic development under physiological and pathological conditions.  相似文献   

TRAIL-decoy receptor 1 plays inhibitory role in apoptosis of granulosa cells from pig ovarian follicles     

Wada S  Manabe N  Nakayama M  Inou N  Matsui T  Miyamoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(5):435-439

Previously, we histochemically examined the localization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptors in porcine ovarian follicles, and demonstrated a marked reduction in the expression of TRAIL-decoy receptor-1 (DcRI) in granulosa cells of atretic follicles. In the present study, to confirm the inhibitory activity of DcR1 in granulosa cells, granulosa cells prepared from healthy follicles were treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) to cleave glycophospholipid anchor of DcR1 and to remove DcR1 from the cell surface, and then incubated with TRAIL. PI-PLC treatment increased the number of apoptotic cells induced by TRAIL. The present finding indicated the possibility that TRAIL and its receptors were involved in induction of apoptosis in granulosa cells during atresia, and that DcR1 plays an inhibitory role in granulosa cell apoptosis.  相似文献   

Phenotype and function of murine peritoneal cavity macrophage derived-dendritic cells   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Makala LH  Nishikawa Y  Mishima M  Inoue N  Xuan X  Suzuki H  Fujisaki K  Mikami T  Nagasawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(9):813-820

The accessory activity was reported in murine peritoneal cavity macrophage derived dendritic cells (PEC-DC) in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Here we continue the characterization of the generated PEC-DC using the criteria of morphology, phenotype and other accessory function. We have demonstrated that murine peritoneal cavity macrophages can be induced to differentiate in vitro into cells exhibiting typical dendritic cell (DC) morphology, phenotype and function. The proliferative capacity of the progenitors was amplified in the first step of the culture (day 0-7) using a combination of early cytokines: interleukin 4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. The second step of the culture started at day 7 with the removal of early growth factors to allow differentiation and final maturation of DC during 2 days of culture with interferon gamma plus either Toxoplasma lysate antigen (TLA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial agent as a DC maturing agent. The resulting DC population exhibited typical DC morphology and expressed higher levels of MHC class II and the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 compared to the untreated peritoneal cells. The generated DC cells efficiently presented soluble protein antigen to CD3(+) spleen T cells.  相似文献   

Leydig cell hyperplasia in an ENU-induced mutant mouse with germ cell depletion     

Khalaj M  Abbasi AR  Nishimura R  Akiyama K  Tsuji T  Noguchi J  Okuda K  Kunieda T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(3):225-228

Repro22 is an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced mutation in mice showing depletion of both male and female germ cells. In the present study, we investigated the male phenotypes of the mutant mouse at the adult stage. The repro22/repro22 homozygous mice showed reduced body weights as well as markedly reduced testis weights. Histological examination of the testes at 4 and 10 months of age showed no germ cells in the seminiferous tubules of the affected testis while a number of Sertoli cells were observed in the tubules. In addition to the germ cell depletion, the testes of the affected mouse contained expanded intertubular spaces that were filled by Leydig cell-like interstitial cells. These interstitial cells were confirmed to be Leydig cells by immunohistochmical staining using anti-3beta-HSD antibody. The estimated number of Leydig cells in the affected testes at 10 months of age increased approximately 2 fold compared with those of normal testes. Furthermore, the plasma testosterone levels of the affected mice at 10 months of age were significantly higher than those of the normal mice. These findings indicated that the repro22/repro22 mouse developed hyperplasia of Leydig cells that was presumably caused by the absence of germ cells in the seminiferous tubules.  相似文献   

Prevalence and source of trypanosome infections in field-captured vector flies (Glossina pallidipes) in southeastern Zambia     

Mekata H  Konnai S  Simuunza M  Chembensofu M  Kano R  Witola WH  Tembo ME  Chitambo H  Inoue N  Onuma M  Ohashi K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(9):923-928

The prevalence of trypanosome infections in tsetse flies, Glossina pallidipes, collected from Chiawa and Chakwenga in Zambia with endemic trypanosomosis was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Out of the 550 G. pallidipes, 58 (10.5%) flies were found to harbor trypanosome DNA. Infection rates of tsetse with Trypanosoma vivax universal, Trypanosoma congolense savannah, T. congolense forest and T. congolense kilifi were 4.2% (23/550), 4.7% (26/550), 1.1% (6/550) and 1.6% (9/550), respectively. To determine the mammalian hosts of T. congolense and T. vivax infections from the tsetse flies, mammalian mitochondrion DNA of blood meal in these flies were analyzed by PCR and subsequent gene sequence analysis of the amplicons. Sequence analysis showed the presence of cytochrome b gene (cyt b) of 7 different mammalian species such as human, elephant, buffalo, goat, warthog, greater kudu and cattle. Goats which were main livestock in these areas were further examined to know the extent of its contribution in spreading the infection. We examined the prevalence of trypanosome infections in the domestic goat population in 6 settlements in Chiawa alone. Of the 86 goats sampled, 4 (4.6%), 5 (5.8%), 4 (4.6%) and 4 (4.6%) were positive for T. vivax universal, T. congolense savannah, forest and kilifi, respectively. These findings showed that the host-source of trypanosome infections in vector fly give a vital information about spread of infection. The result of this study will certainly contribute in elucidating more the epidemiology of trypanosomosis.  相似文献   

Factors influencing the loss of forest cover in bangladesh: An analysis from socioeconomic and demographic perspectives     

Md. Abdus Salam  Toshikuni Noguchi 《Journal of Forest Research》1998,3(3):145-150

Some studies have attributed forest shrinkage to population growth, economic development, conversion of forest land to agricultural use and harvesting of trees for timber and fuelwood. But the statistical support for these hypotheses is not strong. This paper attempts to test the above hypotheses statistically in the case of Bangladesh. Factor analysis extracted 4 important factors—(a) exploitation of forests for timber, fuelwood, tea, and shrimp production, (b) demographic pressure in agriculture, (c) economic development, and (d) expansion of crop lands—as causes of deforestation. The statistical test supports the hypotheses that the exploitation of forests for timber, fuelwood, tea and shrimp production, and conversion of forests to crop lands have a negative influence on forest cover. Economic development and demographic pressure in agriculture are also negatively correlated with forest cover. Results of regression analysis show the conversion of forests to agricultural land is the most important cause of deforestation. Other important causes, in order of their relative importance, are the relative price of forest products, population growth, economic development, demographic pressure in agriculture, increasing production of shrimps, export of tea and shrimps, increasing production of timber and fuelwood, and expansion of tea lands. The statistical tests support the above relationships.  相似文献   

Renal microangiography and correlated histopathological observation of cows with nephropathy.     

K Sugimoto  N Sakurai  M Kaneko  H Shirasawa  K Shibata  M Miyata  T Noguchi  K Uematsu  K Shimoda  J Sakata 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1992,54(1):105-110

Seven Holstein-Friesian cows showing chronic nephropathy were studied by renal microangiography and its correlated histopathology. In cases of pyelonephritis associated with severe pathological lesions such as thickening of arterial walls, narrowing of the arterial and arteriolar lumen, and interstitial inflammation and abscess formation, patchy loss of the peritubular capillary plexus from the cortex to the medulla was clearly demonstrated by microangiography. Interlobular arteries were tortuous and attenuated or truncated. Opacification in the vasa rectae and interstitial capillaries was increased. Extensive non-perfused regions could be detected in the cortex. In cases of mild interstitial nephritis and moderate pyelonephritis, microangiography showed focal changes in the renal vasculature. Microangiography is thus shown to clearly demonstrate changes in the renal vasculature corresponding to the severity of the histopathological lesions.  相似文献