Artificial and natural cross breeding between Atlantic salmon and salmonids currently present in Japan     

Masatoshi Ban  Hiroyuki Nagoya  Shunpei Sato  Hirohumi Yaegashi  Masaki Ichimura  Nobuhiro Sato 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(6):967-975

We evaluated the potential for hybridization between Atlantic salmon and salmonids currently present in Japan. We performed artificial and natural crosses and tested for hybridization using short interspersed elements. We documented the occurrence of hybrids and gynogenesis following artificial crossing. However, the survival rate of these offspring was low (<2 % to the fry stage). We were unable to obtain viable offspring from natural crosses of Atlantic salmon and chum salmon or masu salmon. Our results suggest that there is little risk of hybridization between Atlantic salmon and salmonids that are currently present in the wild in Japan. Furthermore, our results suggest that gynogenesis may occur naturally.  相似文献   

Feeding fermented soybean meal diet supplemented with taurine to yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata affects growth performance and lipid digestion          下载免费PDF全文

Hung Phuc Nguyen  Peerapon Khaoian  Haruhisa Fukada  Nobuhiro Suzuki  Toshiro Masumoto 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(5):1101-1110

Feeding experiment was conducted to determine whether fermentation and taurine supplementation of soybean meal (SBM) fed to yellowtail improve growth performance and lipid digestion. Six diets were formulated and designated as SBM, SBM supplemented with taurine (SBM + T), SBM fermented by Bacillus spp. (FSBM1), SBM fermented by Lactobacillus spp. (FSBM2), FSBM2 supplemented with taurine (FSBM2 + T), and fish meal (FM). Yellowtail fingerlings with an initial body weight of 42 g were stocked in 200‐L tanks. The fish were fed, each diet was fed twice daily in two separate tanks for 8 weeks. Results showed that lipid digestibility of the SBM diet was significantly lower than that of the FM diet, but SBM diet lipid digestibility was improved by taurine supplementation and fermentation. Lipase activity in anterior intestinal digesta, lipid contents in liver and muscle, and bile acid concentrations in gallbladder and anterior intestinal digesta were significantly lower in fish fed SBM diet than in fish fed FM diet; these parameters were not significantly different between fish fed SBM + T, FSBM2, FSBM2 + T diets and FM diet. Although taurine supplementation or fermentation improved lipid digestibility compared with FM diet, growth parameters were only improved in the fish fed FSBM2 + T diet, indicating that apart from a lack of taurine, SBM contains other factors responsible for inferior growth of yellowtail. These factors can be partially eliminated by Lactobacillus spp. fermentation.  相似文献   

Comparison of injectable robenacoxib versus meloxicam for peri-operative use in cats: results of a randomised clinical trial     

Kamata M  King JN  Seewald W  Sakakibara N  Yamashita K  Nishimura R 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(1):114-118

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of robenacoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, for the treatment of post-operative pain and inflammation in cats. The study was a prospective, multi-centre, randomised, blinded, non-inferiority design clinical study to compare robenacoxib to meloxicam. Ninety-six cats undergoing surgery at eight centres in Japan were allocated randomly to receive a single s.c. injection of robenacoxib (2 mg/kg, n=67) or meloxicam (0.3 mg/kg, n=29) shortly before induction of anaesthesia. Most cats underwent soft tissue surgery (n=87), mainly ovariectomy (n=68). Post-operative pain and inflammation were assessed at 3, 8 and 22 h after recovery from anaesthesia using numerical rating scales. For the primary efficacy endpoint (total clinician score), robenacoxib had significantly better efficacy than meloxicam, the relative efficacy ratio being 1.47 (95% confidence interval 1.19-1.78, P=0.0003). For the secondary efficacy endpoints, robenacoxib was superior to meloxicam when assessed on the basis of posture, behaviour, pain on palpation and overall pain control, while meloxicam was superior with respect to wound heat. No cat in either group required rescue analgesia therapy. In tolerability assessments, pain during injection and pain and inflammation at the injection site 22 h after recovery from anaesthesia were rated significantly less with robenacoxib compared to meloxicam. Both treatments were well tolerated on the basis of clinical observations and blood tests, with no significant differences between groups. In conclusion, single pre-operative administration of robenacoxib was well tolerated and had superior efficacy to meloxicam in reducing post-operative pain in cats.  相似文献   

日本山地森林小流域悬移质泥沙研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张建军  清水晃  壁谷直記  延廣竜彦 《北京林业大学学报》2005,27(6):14-19

以日本山地源头森林小流域为研究对象,利用泥沙自动取样器和自计水位计,研究了悬移质泥沙的输出过程及其与洪水过程间的关系.研究结果表明,该森林流域的泥沙来源主要是林道、沟道、沟道两边裸露地;河川径流中悬移质泥沙浓度与总泥沙浓度间有很好的相关性;降雨时悬移质泥沙浓度随流量过程的变化呈现出顺时针变化的套索;悬移质泥沙的输出过程属于波浪式变化;悬移质泥沙浓度最大值与洪峰流量几乎同时出现,属同步型;悬移质输沙量主要取决于10 min最大雨量;场降雨量对悬移质输沙量的贡献较大;单场大暴雨造成的悬移质输沙量占全年输沙量的5％左右;悬移质年输沙量的30％是由为数不多的几场降雨造成的.   相似文献   

Structure and activity of soil-inhabiting methanotrophic communities in northern forest of Japan     

Masazumi Tsutsumi  Shigeru Uemura  Akihiro Sumida  Manabu Fukui 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2009,41(2):403-408

In a Japanese forest, CH₄ uptake rate and methanotrophic community structure in the soil were investigated at four sites of different vegetation. At two of these sites, undergrowth was dominated by Sasa senanensis, and that of another was dominated by Sasa kurilensis. At the rest site, undergrowth had been removed artificially. The tree-layer composition differed between the two sites with S. senanensis, but tree layer of the other two sites were dominated by the same species. At the site lacking undergrowth, observed CH₄ uptake rate was twice as high as that at the other sites. Under laboratory conditions, soil sample from the site lacking undergrowth exhibited CH₄ consumption rate higher than that of the adjacent site with the same dominating tree species. The community structures of methanotrophs were investigated with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of the gene encoding particulate methane monooxygenase (pmoA). The banding patterns observed were different depending on the type of undergrowth vegetation. The sequences of the DGGE bands were closely related to each other and belonged to the “upland soil cluster alpha” (USCα). These results imply possible close relationship between the undergrowth vegetation and methanotrophic communities in forest soils.  相似文献   

Frontiers in fungal virology     

Nobuhiro Suzuki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2017,83(6):419-423

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Some attributes of a rotavirus detected in cat feces     

M Mochizuki  R Tsutsumi  R Harasawa 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(3):662-664

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Abscess-forming inflammatory granulation tissue with Gram-positive cocci and prominent eosinophil infiltration in cats: possible infection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus     

Ozaki K  Yamagami T  Nomura K  Haritani M  Tsutsumi Y  Narama I 《Veterinary pathology》2003,40(3):283-287

We occasionally encounter feline cervical or mesenteric lesions diagnosed histopathologically as abscess or inflammatory granulation tissue with eosinophil infiltration. Gram-positive cocci accompany the lesions. In the present study, such lesions obtained from 27 cats were examined to evaluate the histopathologic features and the nature of the causative bacteria. The average age was 7.3 +/- 3.5 years. No sex predilection was observed. Most frequent locations of the lesions included the abdominal cavity with/without mesenteric lymph nodes (11/27, 41%) and subcutaneous tissue or lymph nodes of the neck (9/27, 33%). Common clinical presentation was a localized mass. Grossly, the lesions contained abscesses in the center and were surrounded by fibrous tissue. Microscopically, the necrotic zone contained bacterial colonies. Large numbers of eosinophils and macrophages infiltrated the area surrounding the necrotic tissue. The surrounding connective fiber-rich granulation tissue demarcated the eosinophilic abscess. The bacteria were Gram-positive cocci in 23 of the 27 cats and were positive for anti-staphylococcus antiserum in 19 of the 23 cats. In 15 out of 17 lesions, the colonies expressed immunoreactivity to penicillin-binding protein 2', which is a drug-resistance gene product of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) species. These findings suggest strongly that MRS causes this type of infectious lesion.  相似文献   

Comparison of enzyme activities in plasma and leukocytes in dairy and beef cattle     

Arai T  Inoue A  Takeguchi A  Mizutani H  Shimoo M  Sako T  Yoshimura I  Kimura N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(11):1241-1243

Concentrations of plasma glucose, immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and free fatty acid (FFA) and activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme pattern in plasma and leukocytes were investigated in lactating Holstein cows (dairy cattle) and fattening Japanese Black Wagyu x Holstein steers (beef cattle). IRI concentrations and LDH and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activities in the plasma of beef cattle were significantly higher than those in dairy cattle. The cytosolic ratio of MDH/LDH activity in the leukocytes of beef cattle was significantly higher than that of dairy cattle. These findings might be associated with the different energy metabolism between dairy and beef cattle.  相似文献   

Detection of humoral antibody for Eimeria tenella infection by a dye test     

C Morita  Y Tsutsumi  M Soekawa 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1972,19(9):782-784

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