Preventive method of color deterioration of yellowtail dark muscle during frozen storage and post thawing     

Yoshinobu  HIRAOKA  Eri  OHSAKA  Kimiyoshi  NARITA  Kimiko  YAMABE  Nobuo  SEKI 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(6):1130-1136

ABSTRACT:   The aim of this study was to develop a practical preventive method for color deterioration of sliced or filleted yellowtail muscle, especially of dark muscle, during frozen storage and post thawing. When the sliced meats were packaged in a vacuum with low oxygen permeable flexible films and then stored frozen below −40°C, no significant discoloration or browning of dark muscle was observed for 9 months or more. For higher temperature storage at −20°C or −30°C, nitrogen gas substituted packaging was a useful practical method for storing sliced meats for 6 weeks. In order to prevent color deterioration of sliced meats after thawing and subsequent storage at 0°C, the efficacy of materials of packaging was investigated. The most desirable result was obtained by using a film with oxygen permeability of 50–90 cm³/m² per 24 h.  相似文献   

Use of GIS and machine learning to predict disease in shrimp farmed on the east coast of the Mekong Delta,Vietnam     

Khiem  Nguyen Minh  Takahashi  Yuki  Yasuma  Hiroki  Oanh  Dang Thi Hoang  Hai  Tran Ngoc  Ut  Vu Ngoc  Kimura  Nobuo 《Fisheries Science》2022,88(1):1-13

Diseases in shrimp farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam cause significant crop losses and are therefore of great concern to producers. Once a pond becomes infected, it is difficult to prevent spread of the disease to nearby shrimp farming areas. Thus, predicting the occurrence of disease is an essential part of reducing the risk for shrimp farmers. In this study, we applied an integrated geographic information system and machine learning system to predict three serious diseases of shrimp, namely, acute hepatopancreatic necrosis, white spot syndrome disease, and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei infection, based on data collected from shrimp farms in the Tra Vinh, Bac Lieu, Soc Trang, and Ca Mau provinces of Vietnam. We first constructed a map showing the distribution of these diseases using the locations of affected farms, and then we conducted spatial analysis to acquire the geographical features of the affected locations. This latter information was combined with environmental factors and clinical signs to form the set of independent variables affecting the outbreak of diseases. The neural network model outperformed the logistic regression, random forest, and gradient boosting methods in terms of predicting infection to estimate the probability of disease occurrence in farmed areas. Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease infected farms downstream of the Co Chien and Hau Rivers of Tra Vinh and west of Ca Mau. Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei infection is distributed in Soc Trang Province, while white spot syndrome virus has spread to the coastal districts of Soc Trang and Bac Lieu Provinces, where it is highly associated to water from a complex canal system.

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Gene transcription analysis in lesional skin of canine epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma using quantitative real-time RT-PCR     

Chimura N  Kondo N  Shibata S  Kimura T  Mori T  Hoshino Y  Murayama N  Nagata M  Ide K  Nishifuji K  Kamishina H  Maeda S 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,144(3-4):329-336

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Trehalose may prevent postsurgical adhesions in a rabbit model of hysterotomy     

Fujino H  Lee S  Suzuki S  Chung UI  Mochizuki M  Nishimura R  Sasaki N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(7):931-935

The adhesion-preventing effect of trehalose in visceral organs was evaluated in a rabbit model. All rabbits underwent a hysterotomy, during which mild abrasion and desiccation was induced on the surfaces of visceral organs. In the control group, the intestines were kept dry during hysterotomy. In the saline and trehalose groups, saline solution and 7% trehalose solution, respectively, were sprayed on the organ surfaces. Adhesion formation on organ surfaces on which abrasion and desiccation were induced declined significantly in the trehalose group compared with the other groups. In contrast, at the hysterotomy site, there was no significant difference in adhesions between groups, suggesting that trehalose prevents adhesions in organs that have developed minor inflammation by abrasion and desiccation.  相似文献   

Screening of therapeutic targets for canine mast cell tumors from a variety of kinase molecules     

Takeuchi Y  Fujino Y  Watanabe M  Nakagawa T  Ohno K  Sasaki N  Sugano S  Tsujimoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(10):1295-1302

Options of systemic treatment for canine MCT have been still limited and most canine cases with MCTs eventually undergo relapses even after achievement of a remission. Thus additional therapies are required to establish for the tumor. To identify the novel candidate therapeutic targets for canine MCT, the mRNA expression and phosphorylation statuses of several receptor or non-receptor kinases as well as the inhibitory effect of 95 specific inhibitors on the growth were assessed in three canine MCT cell lines (HRMC, VIMC1 and CMMC1). Among the 14 targets, the mRNAs of 11, 7 and 7 kinases were amplified in HRMC, VIMC1 and CMMC1, respectively. The mRNAs of VEGFR3, PDGFRα, SRC, YES, LCK and FYN were detected in all cell lines. The phosphorylation of 12, 8 and 7 kinases was observed by using specific antibody arrays in HRMC, VIMC1 and CMMC1, respectively. DTK, EPHB6, AMPKα1, CREB, STAT5a and STAT5b were phosphorylated in all cell lines. The 10, 9 and 17 inhibitors exhibited the biological activity against the growth of HRMC, VIMC1 and CMMC1, respectively. Only three inhibitors such as SB218078 (for Chk1), PDGF RTK inhibitor IV (for PDGFR) and radicicol (for Hsp90) suppressed the growth of all three cell lines. The present study indicated that several kinases, such as Chk1, PDGFR and Hsp90, could be used as therapeutic targets in the treatment for canine MCT. Further studies and clinical trials are warranted to apply the inhibitors for the treatment of the tumor.  相似文献   

Quantitative trait analysis of transplanting time and other root-growth-related traits in tomato     

Mae Rose Sumugat  O New Lee  Yoko Mine  Nobuo Sugiyama 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Transplanting time is determined by factors such as the field conditions, the age of the seedlings, and the size of the container, but little information is available on the effect of the genetic background on transplanting time. Here, we examined root dry weight (RDW), shoot dry weight, root/shoot ratio (RSR), time at which 50% of the germinated seedlings have expanded cotyledons (CE50), root ball formation (RBW), the length of time from the cotyledon expansion from the first to the last germinated seedling (ES) and transplanting time (TRD) in a BC₁F₆ population derived from Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum pimpinellifolium. All traits exhibited significant correlation with each other, except for RSR, which was only significantly correlated to RDW. A total of eight additive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected for the five traits, i.e., RSR, RBW, CE50, ES, and TRD. One epistatic (QTL × QTL) interaction each was identified for RSR and TRD. QTLs for RSR, RBW, CE50, ES and TRD clustered near marker LEOH37 on chromosome 4. Clustering of ce50-4, rsr4, rbw4, and es4 with trd4 reflected the dependence of transplanting time on root ball formation, growth uniformity and early seedling growth, especially root growth. In addition, several QTLs in this study were mapped to regions where QTLs for days to flowering or number of leaves before the first inflorescence had been identified previously. This suggests that the roots may exert some influence on the flowering time in tomato.  相似文献   

Purification of transglutaminase from scallop striated adductor muscle and NaCl-induced inactivation     

Hisanori Nozawa  Nobuo Seki 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(3):493-499

SUMMARY: Tissue type transglutaminase (TGase) was purified from scallop striated adductor muscle with successive chromatographies of DE-52 cellulose, Sephacryl S-300, and Mono Q columns. The yield and purification of the enzymatic activity was 16.6% and 101.9-fold, respectively. The molecular mass of purified enzyme was estimated to be 95 kDa by sodium dodecylsulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. Scallop TGase was Ca²⁺-dependent and strongly inactivated by ρ-chloromercuribenzoic acid, N -ethylmaleimide, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺, meaning it belongs to the thiol group of enzymes as well as being a mammalian enzyme. When scallop TGase was incubated in 0.5 M NaCl without substrate for 2 h at 20°C and pH 7.5, enzymatic activity decreased to 14.4% of its original. However, a conformational change in the TGase molecule was not detected by either fluorescent, ultraviolet, and circular dichroism spectra analyses compared to the enzyme incubated without NaCl. In addition, the enzyme inactivated by NaCl was partially recovered by the dilution of salt concentration, which means that the NaCl-induced inactivation process is reversible to some extent. These results suggest that NaCl-induced modulation of the TGase molecule occurs via a small conformational change.  相似文献   

Gelation of low salt soluble proteins from scallop adductor muscle in relation to its freshness     

Tomomi  NIKI  Yuko  KATO  Hisanori  NOZAWA  Nobuo  SEKI 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(3):688-693

ABSTRACT: The low salt extract from scallop striated adductor muscle contained extra proteins in addition to sarcoplasmic proteins and was turned into a gel upon standing or immediately by the addition of Ca²⁺. The amount of extra protein, which was composed of a large amount of actin and a small amount of myosin, decreased with a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content in the muscle during storage at 5°C. Actin was easily extracted from scallop myofibrils in low salt solution with ATP at 1 mM or above. Furthermore, ATP was required to induce the gelation of the low salt extract. A visual observation of the gelation of low salt extract is therefore a simple and easy method to inspect prerigor state of scallop adductor muscle.  相似文献   

Geographical variation in skull morphology of gray-bellied squirrel Callosciurus caniceps     

Hayashida A  Endo H  Sasaki M  Oshida T  Kimura J  Waengsothorn S  Kitamura N  Yamada J 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(2):149-157

The geographical variation of the gray-bellied squirrel (Callosciurus caniceps) was examined using osteometry of skull in Southeast Asia. From the principal component analysis (PCA), the plots of the northern localities from Nan to Kanchanaburi and those of the southern localities from Narathiwat to Kuala Lumpur in male were completely separated. In female, the plots of the locality from Uttradit to Kanchanaburi and those of the locality from Pattani to Negri Sembilan were completely separated. We called these northern localities and southern localities which are distinguished by the PCA as N group and S group. The size and shape of the skulls of these squirrels indicated the differences between N group and S group from t-test and U-test. These results may be influenced by the two transitions of the phytogeography around the southernmost locality in N group and the northernmost locality in S group in the peninsular Thailand and Malay Peninsula. Localities which are located between N and S groups were called the Middle (M) group. From the PCA among N, S groups and each locality of M group, the plots of localities such as Prachuap Khiri Khan, Chumphon, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thammarat and Trang in both sexes of M group could not be separated from those of N and S groups. We suggest that the sympatric distribution of N and S groups and the hybrid of N and S populations may be seen in these localities of M group.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the low dose level of a heat-killed and dried cell preparation of Enterococcus faecalis to prevent porcine edema disease using experimental infection model with enterotoxcemic Escherichia coli in weaning pigs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tsukahara T  Inoue R  Nakanishi N  Nakayama K  Matsubara N  Ushida K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(2):103-109

Porcine edema disease (ED) is caused by Shiga toxin 2e-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). ED has become frequent in pig farms, and the use of antimicrobials has resulted in the development of antimicrobial-resistant STEC. Accordingly, the use of materials other than antimicrobials is requested for the prevention of ED. Oral administration of a heat-killed and dried cell preparation of Enterococcus faecalis strain EC-12 (EC-12) to weaning pigs was previously demonstrated to decrease animal mortality in a STEC-contaminated farm at 0.05% (w/w) dose level. In this study, pigs experimentally infected with STEC were used as a model for ED to evaluate the low dose level of EC-12 to prevent ED. Fifteen 21-day-old pigs were divided into 5 groups: STEC challenge with the basal diet, STEC challenge with EC-12 supplemented at 0.005, 0.01, or 0.05% (w/w) to the basal diet, and no STEC challenge with the basal diet. The challenge was carried out when the animals were 25, 26, and 27 days old using STEC contained in capsules resistant against gastric digestion. All pigs were euthanized at 32 days of age. The daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and palpebral edema were improved by supplementation with 0.05% EC-12, but not by the low dose levels. Accordingly, 0.05% level of supplementation was needed for EC-12 to improve clinical symptoms in weaning piglets infected by STEC.  相似文献