Coffee ripeness monitoring using a UAV-mounted low-cost multispectral camera     

Rosas  Jorge Tadeu Fim  de Carvalho Pinto  Francisco de Assis  de Queiroz  Daniel Marçal  de Melo Villar  Flora Maria  Magalhães Valente  Domingos Sárvio  Nogueira Martins  Rodrigo 《Precision Agriculture》2022,23(1):300-318

Coffee beverage quality is highly correlated with the degree of fruit ripeness. In this sense, monitoring fruit ripeness is of utmost importance for harvest planning and, especially for obtaining high-quality beverages. Currently, this process is carried out through manual counts of unripe fruits, which is laborious and limited to a few plants within the field. This study aimed at evaluating the potential of a low-cost multispectral camera for coffee ripeness monitoring in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. For that, five fields of Arabica coffee with distinct characteristics were evaluated. During the coffee ripeness period, four flights were carried using a Phantom 4 Pro quadcopter equipped with a Mapir Survey 3W camera for imagery acquisition. After that, nine vegetation indices (VIs) were obtained. For the same dates, the percentage of unripe fruits was obtained using an irregular grid in all fields. The data was split into two ripeness classes: suitable for harvest (R) with?<?30% of unripe fruits; and not suitable for harvest (U), with?>?30% of unripe fruits. Then, a principal component analysis was used to infer the importance of the VIs to discriminate plants with unripe fruits from those with ripe fruits. The first two principal components explained?>?75% of the variance in the datasets from all coffee fields. The VIs were able to discriminate the ripeness classes (U and R) in most fields; however, their performance was directly influenced by the crop yield and canopy volume.

  相似文献   

Semantic segmentation of citrus-orchard using deep neural networks and multispectral UAV-based imagery     

Osco  Lucas Prado  Nogueira  Keiller  Marques Ramos  Ana Paula  Faita Pinheiro  Mayara Maezano  Furuya  Danielle Elis Garcia  Gonçalves  Wesley Nunes  de Castro Jorge  Lucio André  Marcato Junior  José  dos Santos  Jefersson Alex 《Precision Agriculture》2021,22(4):1171-1188

Precision Agriculture - Accurately mapping farmlands is important for precision agriculture practices. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) embedded with multispectral cameras are commonly used to map...  相似文献   

Performance and characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of lambs fed peach-palm by-product     

Ícaro dos Santos Cabral  José Augusto Gomes Azevêdo  Flávio Moreira de Almeida  Luiz Gustavo Ribeiro Pereira  Gherman Garcia Leal de Araújo  Cristiane Leal dos Santos Cruz  Abdon Santos Nogueira  Lígia Lins Souza  Gisele Andrade de Oliveira 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(8):1737-1743

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplying the by-product of peach-palm (Bactris gasipaes) on performance and characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of feedlot lambs. Twenty Santa Ines lambs of 150 days average age and 22.4?±?3.4 kg body weight were confined in individual pens. A completely randomized design was utilized with four experimental diets composed of: fresh peach-palm by-product enriched with urea, fresh peach-palm by-product + concentrate, silage of peach-palm by-product + concentrate, and silage of peach-palm by-product enriched with 15 % corn meal + concentrate. Intake was evaluated daily, and at the end of 42 days of experiments, lambs were slaughtered and the characteristics of carcass and non-carcass parts were evaluated. Performance and carcass characteristics showed differences between the animals’ intake of total mixed rations (TMR) and only the diet with roughage. For the lambs that intaked TMR, the form of utilization of roughage (fresh or as silage) affected animal performance but did not change the carcass characteristics. Dry matter intake and feed conversion were influenced by the form of utilization of the silage (with and without additive). Providing fresh by-product plus concentrate improves lamb performance but does not interfere in the carcass characteristics, compared with the use of by-product in the form of silage.  相似文献   

Rectal atresia in a newborn donkey     

L. G. Teixeira  J. P. Spasiani  A. E. W. B. Meirelles  E. Garrido  A. F. S. Nogueira  A. C. Alessi  J. A. Marques  J. C. Canola 《Equine Veterinary Education》2010,22(9):434-437

A case of a type I rectal atresia (also known as membranous rectal atresia) in a newborn donkey is reported. Clinical examination, survey radiographs and barium enema radiographs suggested rectal atresia. An exploratory laparotomy was performed; however, surgical correction of the defect was not possible due to the narrow pelvic cavity. Euthanasia was performed. At necropsy, it was possible to observe a fibrous cord connecting the small colon to a residual rectal ampulla, which opened to a normal anus. The radiographic and anatomical characteristics enabled the classification of the defect as type I rectal atresia, which is a rare congenital anomaly that is difficult to correct through surgery. This report contributes to the study of rectal atresia in newborn equids, alerts for the occurrence in donkeys and is, to our knowledge, the first to be reported in this species in Brazil.  相似文献   

Retrospective study of 108 foals with septic osteomyelitis     

KM Neil  JE Axon  AP Begg  PG Todhunter  PL Adams  AE Fine  JP Caron  AR Adkins 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(1-2):4-12

Objective   To determine the clinical characteristics, short-term outcome and future athletic performance of foals with septic osteomyelitis.
Design   Retrospective clinical study of 108 Thoroughbred foals with radiographic evidence of bone infection that were presented at the Scone Veterinary Hospital between August 1995 and December 2001. Medical records were reviewed and information concerning signalment, the clinical, laboratory and radiographic findings, treatment and outcome was obtained. Racing records were obtained and evaluated for surviving foals that had reached racing age.
Results   Mean age of foals at initial evaluation was 39 days (range 1–180 days); 21 foals had multiple radiographic bone lesions (19.4%), and 76 had concurrent septic arthritis (70.4%). The most frequently affected bones were the femur, tibia and distal phalanx. In total, 87 foals were discharged from the hospital (80.6%), 79 survived long-term to reach racing age and 52 raced (65.8%). Overall, 48% (52/108) of the foals treated for osteomyelitis raced. Foals less than 30 days of age at the time of diagnosis, critically ill foals and those with multiple bones or joints affected were significantly less likely to be discharged from hospital. Multiple septic joints, but not multiple bone involvement, had an unfavourable prognosis for racing.
Conclusions   The prognosis for survival of foals with septic osteomyelitis or osteitis is favourable. Multiple bone or joint involvement is an important short-term prognostic indicator; however, the involvement of multiple joints, but not multiple infected bones, is associated with an unfavourable prognosis for racing.  相似文献   

Use of the measure of patient-centered communication to analyze euthanasia discussions in companion animal practice     

Nogueira Borden LJ  Adams CL  Bonnett BN  Shaw JR  Ribble CS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2010,237(11):1275-1287

  相似文献   

European pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) from Portugal: Chemical composition of essential oil and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of extracts and essential oil     

Bárbara Teixeira  António Marques  Cristina RamosIrineu Batista  Carmo SerranoOlívia Matos  Nuno R. NengJosé M.F. Nogueira  Jorge Alexandre SaraivaMaria Leonor Nunes 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):81-87

There is a growing interest of industry to replace synthetic chemicals by natural products with bioactive properties from plant origin. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of European pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) essential oil and to characterize the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of its water (hot and cold) and ethanolic extracts and of the essential oil. The essential oil revealed menthone, pulegone and neo-menthol as the main constituents, comprising 35.9, 23.2 and 9.2% of the essential oil, respectively. The hot water extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity and phenol content. In contrast, the extracts were not very effective to inhibit the growth of the seven foodborne spoilage and pathogenic bacteria tested, but the essential oil showed antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains. In conclusion, extracts and essential oil of M. pulegium from Mediterranean origin have huge potential as an alternative to chemical additives for the food industry.  相似文献   

Efficacy of buserelin acetate combined with a dopamine antagonist for spawning induction in the bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus)          下载免费PDF全文

Nivaldo Ferreira do Nascimento  Regiane Cristina da Silva  Fernanda Nogueira Valentin  Maria do Carmo Faria Paes  Marta Verardino De Stéfani  Laura Satiko Okada Nakaghi 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(12):3093-3096

  相似文献   

Early biochemical biomarkers for zinc in silver catfish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhamdia quelen</Emphasis>) after acute exposure     

Jossiele Leitemperger  Charlene Menezes  Adriana Santi  Camila Murussi  Thais Lópes  Maiara Costa  Lygia Sega Nogueira  Vania Lucia Loro 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2016,42(3):1005-1014

Contamination of aquatic ecosystems by metals causes various biochemical changes in aquatic organisms, and fish are recognized as indicators of environmental quality. Silver catfish were exposed to six concentrations of zinc (Zn): 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 mg/L for 96 h to determine the mean lethal concentration (LC₅₀). The value obtained was 8.07 mg/L. In a second experiment, fish were exposed to concentrations of 1.0 or 5.0 mg/L Zn and a control for 96 h. Afterward, the tissues were collected for biochemical analysis. Lipid peroxidation, as indicated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), decreased in the liver and brain for all Zn concentrations tested, while in the gills TBARS levels increased at 1.0 mg/L and declined at 5.0 mg/L. Zn increased protein carbonyls in the muscle of silver catfish and decreased it in the other tissues. The enzyme superoxide dismutase increased in both exposed groups. However, catalase did not change. Glutathione S-transferase decreased in the liver and increased in the gills (1.0 mg/L), muscle (5.0 mg/L) and brain (1.0 and 5.0 mg/L). Nonprotein thiols changed only in brain and muscle tissue. Zn exposure inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the brain at both concentrations tested, but did not change it in muscle. Exposure to Zn inhibited the activity of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase in the gills and intestine at both concentrations tested. Our results demonstrate that Zn alters biochemical parameters in silver catfish and that some parameters such as AChE and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase could be considered as early biomarkers of waterborne Zn toxicity.  相似文献   

Fiber fermentability effects on energy and macronutrient digestibility, fecal traits, postprandial metabolite responses, and colon histology of overweight cats     

Fischer MM  Kessler AM  de Sá LR  Vasconcellos RS  Filho FO  Nogueira SP  Oliveira MC  Carciofi AC 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(7):2233-2245

Considering the different potential benefits of divergent fiber ingredients, the effect of 3 fiber sources on energy and macronutrient digestibility, fermentation product formation, postprandial metabolite responses, and colon histology of overweight cats (Felis catus) fed kibble diets was compared. Twenty-four healthy adult cats were assigned in a complete randomized block design to 2 groups of 12 animals, and 3 animals from each group were fed 1 of 4 of the following kibble diets: control (CO; 11.5% dietary fiber), beet pulp (BP; 26% dietary fiber), wheat bran (WB; 24% dietary fiber), and sugarcane fiber (SF; 28% dietary fiber). Digestibility was measured by the total collection of feces. After 16 d of diet adaptation and an overnight period without food, blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride postprandial responses were evaluated for 16 h after continued exposure to food. On d 20, colon biopsies of the cats were collected under general anesthesia. Fiber addition reduced food energy and nutrient digestibility. Of all the fiber sources, SF had the least dietary fiber digestibility (P < 0.05), causing the largest reduction of dietary energy digestibility (P < 0.05). The greater fermentability of BP resulted in reduced fecal DM and pH, greater fecal production [g/(cat × d); as-is], and greater fecal concentration of acetate, propionate, and lactate (P < 0.05). For most fecal variables, WB was intermediate between BP and SF, and SF was similar to the control diet except for an increased fecal DM and firmer feces production for the SF diet (P < 0.05). Postprandial evaluations indicated reduced mean glucose concentration and area under the glucose curve in cats fed the SF diet (P < 0.05). Colon mucosa thickness, crypt area, lamina propria area, goblet cell area, crypt mean size, and crypt in bifurcation did not vary among the diets. According to the fiber solubility and fermentation rates, fiber sources can induce different physiological responses in cats, reduce energy digestibility, and favor glucose metabolism (SF), or improve gut health (BP).  相似文献