Vitrification of Immature Feline Oocytes with a Commercial Kit for Bovine Embryo Vitrification     

M Apparicio  E Ruggeri  GC Luvoni 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(2):240-244

The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of a commercial kit for bovine embryo vitrification for cryopreserving cat oocytes and to evaluate comparatively the effects of its use with slow freezing procedure on cryotolerance in terms of morphology and oocyte resumption of meiosis. Germinal vesicle stage oocytes isolated from cat ovaries were either vitrified (n = 72) using a vitrification kit for bovine embryo or slow frozen (n = 69) by exposing oocyte to ethylene glycol solution before being transferred to a programmable embryo freezer. After thawing and warming, oocytes were cultured for 48 h and then were examined for meiosis resumption using bisbenzimide fluorescent staining (Hoechst 33342). Fresh immature oocytes (n = 92) were used as the control group. The proportion of oocytes recovered in a morphologically normal state after thawing/warming was significantly higher in frozen oocytes (94.5%) than in the vitrified ones (75%, p < 0.01). Morphological integrity after culture was similar in vitrified (73.6%) and slow frozen oocytes (76.8%); however, only 37.5% of the morphologically normal oocytes resumed meiosis after vitrification compared to 60.9% of those submitted to slow freezing procedure (p < 0.01). Fresh oocytes showed higher morphological integrity (91.3%) and meiosis resumption rates (82.6%, p < 0.002) than cryopreserved oocytes, irrespective of the procedure used. These results suggest that immature cat oocytes vitrified with a kit for bovine embryos retain their capacity to resume meiosis after warming and culture, albeit at lower rates than slow frozen oocytes. Vitrification and slow freezing methods show similar proportions of oocytes with normal morphology after culture, which demonstrate that thawed and warmed oocytes that resist to cryodamage have the same chances to maintain their integrity after 48 h of culture.  相似文献   

Development and validation of a set of standard area diagrams to estimate severity of potato early blight     

Henrique Silva Silveira Duarte  Laércio Zambolim  Alexandre Sandri Capucho  Antonio Fernandes Nogueira Júnior  André Wilson Campos Rosado  Carine Rezende Cardoso  Pierce Anderson Paul  Eduardo Seiti Gomide Mizubuti 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,137(2):249-257

Standard area diagrams (SADs) to assess the severity of potato early blight (Alternaria grandis) on leaves of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were developed and validated. The proposed SADs include images of leaves with 10 distinct disease severities (0.1, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 %). The SADs were validated by 12 raters who had no previous experience in evaluating plant disease. Lin’s concordance correlation analysis of estimated vs. actual disease severity (based on image analysis) showed that precision and accuracy improved for most raters using the SADs, compared to assessments made without the SADs. The SADs improved accuracy (coefficient of bias, C _b ?=?0.97 and 0.99, without and with SADs, respectively) and agreement (Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, ρ _c ?=?0.91 and 0.98 without and with SADs, respectively) of the estimates of severity. Severity estimates were more reliable when using SADs (coefficient of determination, R ² ?=?0.80 unaided and R ² ?=?0.95 with SADs, and the intra-class correlation ρ?=?0.86 without SADs and ρ?=?0.97 using the SADs). The SADs improved raters’ ability to accurately, precisely and reliably estimate potato early blight severity, and as such can be used to assess severity for several purposes, including breeding for resistance, fungicide screening, and pathotype characterization.  相似文献   

Chromosome markers confirm origin of Heliconia hybrids and triploids     

Marília Gabriela de Santana Costa  Brunno Sérgio Ferreira Leite  Vivian Loges  Ebenézer Bernardes Correia Silva  Andreza Santos da Costa  Walma Nogueira Ramos Guimarães  Ana Christina Brasileiro-Vidal 《Euphytica》2016,207(3):501-514

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RNAi‐based Bean golden mosaic virus‐resistant common bean (Embrapa 5.1) shows simple inheritance for both transgene and disease resistance     

Josias C. Faria  Paula A. M. R. Valdisser  Elsa O. P. L. Nogueira  Francisco J. L. Aragão 《Plant Breeding》2014,133(5):649-653

Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) is the causal agent of bean golden mosaic of common beans. A transgenic bean line that has been developed based on RNA interference to silence the BGMV rep gene showed immunity to the virus. Crosses were done between the transgenic line and six bean cultivars followed by four backcrosses to the commercial cultivars ‘Pérola’ and ‘BRS Pontal’. The transgene locus was consistently inherited from the crosses analysed in a Mendelian fashion in the segregating populations. The disease resistance reaction co‐inherited with the transgene. Nevertheless, the expression of disease resistance displayed a dosage effect phenomenon in the F₁ generation. The analysis of the homozygous near‐isogenic lines in field conditions, under high BGMV disease incidence, indicated that the transgenic lines were completely resistant. These results show the strength of the disease resistance obtained, the stability of the trait across generations and its usefulness in the management of a disease for which there is no reported Phaseolus germplasm with immunity.  相似文献   

Efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of equine sarcoids: a pilot study     

Nogueira SA  Torres SM  Malone ED  Diaz SF  Jessen C  Gilbert S 《Veterinary dermatology》2006,17(4):259-265

Imiquimod is an immune response modifier with potent antiviral and antitumour activity. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy of an imiquimod 5% cream (Aldaratrade mark: 3M, Saint Paul, MN, USA) as a topical treatment for equine sarcoids. Fifteen horses with a total of 19 tumours were enrolled, including mixed (7), fibroblastic (5), flat (3), verrucous (2), and nodular (2) types. Baseline data included history, physical examination, tumour location, measurement and digital photography. Imiquimod was applied by the owners three times a week until complete resolution of the tumour or 32 weeks, whichever occurred first. Tumours were measured and photographed every 4 weeks. Treatment efficacy was defined as 75% or greater reduction of tumour size by the end of the trial. Four sarcoids were withdrawn from the study. Twelve of the remaining 15 tumours (80%) showed more than 75% reduction in size and nine (60%) totally resolved between 8 and 32 weeks. The most common adverse effects of exudation, erythema, erosions, depigmentation and alopecia were limited to the tumour and adjacent areas. The results suggest that topical imiquimod is a therapeutic option for the treatment of equine sarcoids, although more detailed studies are required to corroborate these initial findings.  相似文献   

Heart rate variability parameters of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs with and without heart failure obtained using 24-hour Holter electrocardiography     

Oliveira MS  Muzzi RA  Araújo RB  Muzzi LA  Ferreira DF  Nogueira R  Silva EF 《The Veterinary record》2012,170(24):622

Time-domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters and the correlation between echocardiography and Holter examinations in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) were determined. Holter examination was also performed at different time frames: an entire 24-hour period, a four-hour period during sleep, and a four-hour period while awake. Ten healthy (control group) and 28 MMVD dogs, 15 with and 13 without heart failure, were evaluated. The SDANN (sd of the mean normal RR intervals for all five-minute segments during 24-hour Holter) and pNN(50) (percentage of differences between adjacent normal RR intervals that are >50 ms computed over 24-hour Holter) variables were significantly lower in the dogs with MMVD heart failure. The differences in HRV between the groups were only detected during the 24-hour evaluation period (P<0.05). There were high correlations (canonical analysis) between Holter and echocardiography examinations when considering pNN(50), SDANN, and LA/AO (left atrial to aortic root ratio) (r=0.92; P<0.05), indicating that both are important in evaluating MMVD dogs. SDANN and pNN(50) are measures of parasympathetic control of the heart, and thus, it is possible to infer that the MMVD dogs exhibit parasympathetic withdrawal during the development of heart failure.  相似文献   

Normalization of wood density in biomass estimates of Amazon forests     

Euler Melo Nogueira  Philip Martin Fearnside  Bruce Walker Nelson 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008

Wood density is an important variable in estimates of biomass and carbon flux in tropical regions. However, the Amazon region lacks large-scale wood-density datasets that employ a sampling methodology adequate for use in estimates of biomass and carbon emissions. Normalization of the available datasets is needed to avoid bias in estimates that combine previous studies of wood density that used wood sampling at diverse positions in the bole or with various methods of density determination. This paper examines the question of whether regressions for radial variation and for variation in wood density along the bole, both developed in dense forest in central Amazonia (CA), are suitable for the open forests in southern Amazonia (SA) that are currently the target of most of Amazonia's deforestation activity. The wood density of the heartwood and density of full disks or slices (bark, sapwood and heartwood) in each tree were measured to assess the radial variation. For variation along the length of the bole, wood densities at breast height and at the top of the bole were used. Moisture content of the bole was measured in SA and compared with values reported by studies from CA in similar dense forest. Comparing regressions that predict full-disk density from heartwood density, the pattern of radial variation differs slightly and significantly between the two forest types (ANCOVA p = 0.006); the slopes have similar values but the intercepts differ. Variation along the bole in the two forest types does not differ significantly (p = 0.144), so the CA model for predicting mean bole density from the density of a slice at breast height gives an unbiased estimate of the mean bole density when applied to SA trees. In SA the mean moisture content of the bole was 0.416 (±0.068 S.D.; n = 223 trees). Moisture content of the bole had a strong inverse relationship with basic wood density (r = −0.77), which explains the lower moisture content in the trees in CA relative to SA. A much weaker inverse relationship was found between moisture content and green wood density (r = −0.292). The relationship between wood basic density and green (‘fresh’) density presented in this study provides an alternative means of obtaining basic wood density directly in the field when oven drying of samples is not possible.  相似文献   

Distinguishing sporulating and nonsporulating lesions as a method for evaluating the resistance of sugarcane genotypes to orange rust          下载免费PDF全文

A. S. Moreira  A. F. Nogueira‐Júnior  C. R. N. B. Gonçalves  N. A. Souza  A. Bergamin Filho 《Plant pathology》2018,67(8):1680-1686

Sugarcane breeding programmes rank the resistance of genotypes to Puccinia kuehnii, causal agent of orange rust, according to levels of disease severity. However, during the screening stages, this method of assessment can lead to precipitous elimination of genotypes with promising agronomic traits but showing mild symptoms of rust such as flecks or lesions that do not produce spores. This study aimed to propose a new method to classify the resistance of sugarcane genotypes to orange rust by counting sporulating lesions. Five sugarcane varieties with different levels of resistance to P. kuehnii were inoculated with two pathogen populations under controlled conditions. The disease severity (SEV), total number of lesions (TNL), and total number of sporulating lesions (TNSL) were evaluated in a 20 cm leaf fragment from the most diseased leaf. The TNL and TNSL evaluations were performed at 11, 16 and 21 days after inoculation (DAI) and SEV at 21 DAI. The thresholds of 80% and 8% of sporulating lesions (SL) separated susceptible from the intermediate varieties and intermediate from the resistant ones, respectively. It is proposed that the method of counting sporulating lesions be used in screening genotypes for resistance to P. kuehnii in sugarcane breeding programmes.  相似文献   

Electric ultrafreezer (− 150 °C) as an alternative for zebrafish sperm cryopreservation and storage     

Patrícia Diogo  Gil Martins  Isa Quinzico  Rita Nogueira  Paulo J. Gavaia  Elsa Cabrita 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2018,44(6):1443-1455

Zebrafish sperm cryopreservation is a fundamental methodology to manage and back-up valuable genetic resources like transgenic and mutant strains. Cryopreservation usually requires liquid nitrogen for storage, which is expensive and hazardous. Our objective was to evaluate if electric ultrafreezers (??150 °C) are a viable alternative for zebrafish sperm storage. Zebrafish sperm was cryopreserved in the same conditions (??20 °C/min), stored either in liquid nitrogen or in an ultrafreezer, and thawed after 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. Sperm motility, membrane integrity, and fertilization ability were assessed. There were no significant differences in motility and hatching rate throughout storage time. Additionally, we aimed at understanding if cryopreservation directly in an ultrafreezer (??66 °C/min) could improve post-thaw sperm quality. Freezing at ??20 °C/min was performed as before, and compared to samples cryopreserved with a fast cooling rate by placing directly in an ultrafreezer (??66 °C/min). Sperm quality was assessed according to motility, viability, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis (annexin V). The ??66 °C/min cooling rate showed significantly higher membrane and DNA integrity, and lower number of cells in late apoptosis in comparison to the other treatments. This study showed that zebrafish sperm cryopreservation and storage in an ultrafreezer system is possible and a fast cooling rate directly in ultrafreezer improves post-thaw sperm quality.  相似文献   

Leather quality of beefalo‐Nellore cattle in different production systems          下载免费PDF全文

Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo  Rodrigo Gonçalves Mateus  Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo  Alexandre Menezes Dias  Fabio Candal Gomes  Fabiano Ferreira da Silva  Alex Resende Schio  Eriklis Nogueira  Hélène Véronique Petit 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(5):807-816

The aim was to compare the effects of two production systems on performance, carcass traits and physical‐mechanical characteristics of leather from Beefalo‐Nellore steers and heifers and to determine if the response to the production system was similar for both genders. A total of 40 Beefalo‐Nellore cattle, 20 steers and 20 heifers, were evaluated. Animals were divided into two production systems: slaughtered at 15 (intensive system) or 26 (extensive system) months of age. In the intensive system, all animals received a ration containing 600 g/kg corn silage and 400 g/kg concentrate. In the extensive system, animals were kept on a pasture predominantly based on Brachiaria sp. and supplemented with 2 kg/day concentrate. In the intensive system, there was no difference in slaughter weight (470 kg body weight) between steers and heifers but steers in the extensive system had greater slaughter weight than heifers (463 and 428 kg body weight, respectively). Leather weight was higher for animals in the intensive than extensive system but there was no difference in leather weight once excess fat was removed. Leather quality from Beefalo‐Nellore cattle slaughtered at 15 or 26 months of age is similar although carcass yield is higher for cattle slaughtered at a younger age.  相似文献