Journal of Soils and Sediments - The difference in copper (Cu) availability between soils can be a result of different distribution of Cu forms in various size fractions of aggregates. This study... 相似文献
Lupeol, a bioactive triterpenoid, has been isolated from the root barks of Alhagi maurorum for the first time in considerable quantity via an easy extraction and isolation process. In this study, a new and versatile LC-MS method has also been developed by optimizing various parameters for the rapid determination of lupeol in plant extract. The anti-inflammatory property of A. maurorum can be correlated to this compound. The superiority of A. maurorum over other plant sources of lupeol is due to its wild nature and ability to grow throughout the year. On the basis of this fact, A. maurorum can be used as a cheaper and ever available source for the lupeol. 相似文献
The main objective of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of pentoxifylline as a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor used as a cardiovascular medication on malathion-induced changes on rat mitochondrial-bound hexokinase activity.Animals in four various groups received moderate toxic dose of malathion (200 mg/kg/day), effective dose of pentoxifylline (50 mg/kg/day) alone and in combination, and the control group that received only vehicle. All administrations were done intraperitoneally for one week. At the end of the experiment, the brain was removed and the mitochondria were isolated. Hexokinase (HK) activity, cellular lipid peroxidation (LPO) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were analyzed in brain mitochondria.Malathion noticeably decreased TAC and increased HK activity and LPO in the mitochondria whereas pentoxifylline significantly restored malathion-induced changes in LPO, HK, and TAC.The results of the present study indicate that phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition remarkably protects brain mitochondria from malathion-induced changes on HK activity and oxidative stress. 相似文献
A procedure for mapping nutrient requirement for introduction of a new crop to an area has been developed. The procedure makes use of the US Soil Taxonomy for grouping soils into homogeneous fertility areas. Subsoil chemical properties are used for nutrient estimation. The Hawaii Natural Resource Information System was adapted to produce sample phosphorus requirement maps for the island of Oahu. 相似文献
An evaluation of performance of trickle irrigation systems installed in Balochistan, Pakistan during 1982–2002 was conducted
by field surveys, physical verifications and interviews with farmers. Thirty systems were fully or partially operational and
76 had been abandoned. Successful systems required clean and reliable water supply, availability of spare components and accessories
for replacements, skilled manpower, and a high level of interest and participation by the owner. The dominant species irrigated
with these trickle systems were apples, grapes, and mixed orchards. Installations of trickle systems on old mature orchards
were not generally successful due to lack of adaptation of the new system to limited and scheduled irrigation supplies. Many
of the irrigators were not instructed on how to adjust the trickle system to meet changing needs of the plants. Consequently,
growth of some of the trees was stunted and a few of them died. Lack of technical skill to repair and maintain the system
and non-availability of replacement parts were general causes of failure of installed trickle irrigation systems. Clogging
of the emitters was the primary specific cause of failure. Emitters with a larger opening that will not be clogged by most
of the contaminants contained in the water available to these farmers and turbulent action screening systems to take out the
other contaminants are proposed as solutions to this problem. Commercial shops, which sell the components, carry replacement
parts and provide after-sales service are needed to keep trickle systems functioning in these isolated areas. 相似文献
We evaluated the impact of a combined vitamin E (vit E), a mixture of nucleotide (mixed-NT), Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis), arachidonic acid (AA), and yeast extract powder (YEP) supplementations on the relative mRNA expression of reproduction and antioxidant-related genes in red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus using an orthogonal design (L16 45) plus control diet for 70 days feeding trial. Five factors with four levels: A, vit E 40, 160, 240, and 320 mg/kg diet; B, mixed-NT 2, 4, 6, and 8 g/kg diet; C, H. pluvialis2, 4, 6, and 8 g/kg diet; D, AA 5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg diet; E, YEP 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 g/kg diet were studied. The relative mRNA expression of reproduction-related genes (vitellogenin (vtg) and fatty acid-binding protein (fabp)), and antioxidant-related genes (heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), glutathione S-transferase (gst), mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mmnsod), and ferritin) in hemocyte, hepatopancreas, and ovary tissues were measured. There was a major depression in gene expression levels throughout the experimental diet at high vit E 320 mg/kg level with other factors. Expression of antioxidant enzyme genes significantly increased in treatments of T9, T10, T11, and T12, while significantly decreasing in treatment of T13 and other treatment groups with high vit E 320 mg/kg levels with the other factors. Gene expression of vtg and fabp demonstrated similar patterns to those of antioxidant genes. These results provide evidence that combined supplementations of vit E, mixed-NT, H. pluvialis, AA, and YEP with vit E 240 mg/kg, mixed-NT 8 g/kg, H. pluvialis4 g/kg, AA 5 g/kg, and YEP 10 g/kg may present a novel strategy for improving reproduction performance and antioxidant activities in RC-crayfish, C. quadricarinatus by the positive impact on the molecular level of reproduction and antioxidant genes.
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