Impressions and purchasing intentions of Japanese consumers regarding pork produced by ‘Ecofeed,’ a trademark of food‐waste or food co‐product animal feed certified by the Japanese government     

Keisuke SASAKI  Hideo AIZAKI  Michiyo MOTOYAMA  Hideyuki OHMORI  Tomoyuki KAWASHIMA 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(1):175-180

Impressions and purchasing intentions of Japanese consumers regarding pork produced by ‘Ecofeed’, a trademark of food‐waste or co‐product animal feeds certified by the Japanese government, were investigated by a questionnaire on the Internet. ‘Ecofeed’ did not elicit specific impressions as compared to domestic, imported, Kurobuta (in Japan), and specific pathogen‐free (SPF) pork. Purchasing intent for ‘Ecofeed’ pork was the second lowest of the five pork products. Knowledge and purchasing experience regarding ‘Ecofeed’ pork was the lowest of the five pork products. Respondents were classified into four categories according to their impressions of ‘Ecofeed’ pork. The largest category of respondents did not have any specific impression of ‘Ecofeed’ pork and had little knowledge of pork farming. A category that had a positive impression for ‘Ecofeed’ pork had high knowledge of the pork farming system. In order to establish ‘Ecofeed’ pork in Japan, our results suggest that information disclosure and education about ‘Ecofeed’, its certification system, environmental benefits and the current self‐efficiency ratio of animal feed, are needed.  相似文献   

Analysis of problems in certain soils of the Kyushu Okinawa region for suitable management     

Hideo Kubotera 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2020,66(1):15-20

ABSTRACT

Soils in the Kyushu Okinawa region with problematic properties for agriculture were studied and the following findings were obtained. 1) Mahji-soils in Nansei Islands became very hard with desiccation under high-pH conditions; therefore, soil treatments that cause alkalinization such as overliming should be avoided. 2) In contrast to the generally favorable effects of organic matter on the physical properties of soil, the application of manure compost at 100 Mg ha^?1 to Mahji-soils increased the degree of hardening with desiccation. 3) Application of clinker ash (coarse fraction of coal ash) at 10% (wt/wt) mitigated the hardening and shrinkage of Jagaru, a heavy-textured gray soil found on Nansei Island. 4) Non-allophanic surface horizons with strong acidity were widely distributed in the Andosol area of central Kyushu, covering at least 340 km². These horizons showed a relatively large ratio of carbon per Al_p (pyrophosphate extractable aluminum) and high content of allophane, and began forming around 2500 years ago. 5)Some Andosols in Kyushu showed remarkable hardness. They are divided into two types, according to the degree of weathering and hardening characteristics, and the different measures required to improve each type. 6) An experimental method for determining nitrate retention by soils was developed, and factors influencing the nitrate retention of Andosols were elucidated using this method. 7) A method for micromorphological observation of pelletized manure compost (PC) grains was developed. This method revealed that the internal microstructure of PC did not change in 18 months after compost application, whereas the volume of the grains decreased with the formation of voids around them. 8) As an indicator of soil acidity concerning the countermeasure for common scab, pH(KCl) can easily be used instead of exchangeable acidity y_1, which is laborious to determine. The maximally simplified pH(KCl) measurement method can be carried out by farmers in the field.  相似文献   

Effect of the number of intercrosses on grain yield in basic rice synthetic populations     

Antonio Carlos Centeno Cordeiro  Antônio Alves Soares  Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho  Paulo Hideo Nakano Rangel 《Euphytica》2003,132(1):79-86

The effect of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 intercross cycles using genetic male sterility on the mean yield and genetic variability of the CNA 5 irrigated rice synthetic population was assessed studying 300 S_0:2 (1998/99) and S_0:3 (1999/00) families grown in two locations (Lambari, MG and Goianira, GO). Each intercross was investigated using a 8 × 8 triple lattice design experiment containing 60 families and four control cultivars. Five experiments were carried out per location and generation, totaling 20 experiments. Individual, combined over locations, combined over generations and combined over locations and generations analyses of variance were performed. Linear regression equations were fitted to data of each location and generation as well as, genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated. An average increase of 3.91% in grain yield was obtained with the increase in the number of intercrosses. However, when genetic gains obtained from selection of the five and ten highest yielding families were considered, negative b estimates were always obtained, suggesting a tendency of gain increase reduction with the increase in the number of intercrosses. This was confirmed by the analysis of the means of the best families, since increases in the number of intercrosses did not result in selection of families with greater mean grain yield. The estimates of the genetic variances and heritabilities did not suggest an increase in genetic variability with the increase in intercross cycles. Therefore, carrying out intercrosses on the base population did not improve the results of the irrigated rice recurrent selection program. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Fat depot‐specific differences in leptin mRNA expression and its relation to adipocyte size in steers     

Seung Hak YANG  Tohru MATSUI  Hiroyuki KAWACHI  Tomoya YAMADA  Naoto NAKANISHI  Hideo YANO 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(1):17-21

ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted to investigate leptin mRNA expression, adipocyte size, and their relationship in several adipose tissues of fattening steers. Subcutaneous, perirenal, intermuscular and intramuscular adipose tissues were collected from three crossbred steers (Japanese Black cattle X Holstein) aged 21 months. The mRNA level and adipocyte diameter were determined in these adipose tissues. The intramuscular adipose tissue had a lower leptin mRNA level than the intermuscular and perirenal adipose tissues (P < 0.05). Leptin mRNA level was lower in the subcutaneous depot than in the intermuscular depot (P < 0.05). Adipocyte diameter was larger in the intermuscular adipose tissue than in the subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues (P < 0.05). Leptin mRNA level was positively correlated with adipocyte diameter (r² = 0.81, P < 0.05). These results suggest that the cattle have fat depot‐specific differences in leptin gene expression, which are a result of a difference in adipocyte size.  相似文献   

Breeding distribution and maternal genetic lineages in Lulu,a dwarf cattle population in Nepal     

Hiroshi FUJISE  Masaru MURAKAMI  Bhuminand DEVKOTA  Ishwori Prasad DHAKAL  Kumiko TAKEDA  Hirofumi HANADA  Hideo FUJITANI  Masao SASAKI  Kosaku KOBAYASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(1):1-5

Lulu is a dwarf cattle population bred in the Mustang district of western and central Nepal. This area is located around the habitat boundary between Bos taurus and Bos indicus. The peculiarities of Lulu are their small size (weight range in the adult female: 68–153 kg) and rearing in high mountain areas at 2800 m to 4000 m in altitude. There were 5770 head of Lulu cattle in the Mustang district in 1998, 4333 females and 1437 males. The morphological appearance of Lulu is Bos taurus. However, one of the five Lulu studied in Kagbeni, Mustang had a Bos indicus mitochondrial DNA type based on the D‐loop sequence, while the other four were Bos taurus. It is suggested that there are hybrids of Lulu with Bos indicus maternal lineage in a mostly taurine‐breed genetic background. Steps must be taken to preserve the unique Lulu.  相似文献   

Herbicide resistance in transgenic plants with mammalian P450 monooxygenase genes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Inui H  Ohkawa H 《Pest management science》2005,61(3):286-291

Transgenic potato and rice plants were generated by the introduction of human P450 species, CYP1A1, CYP2B6, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, which metabolized a number of herbicides, insecticides and industrial chemicals. The transgenic potato plant T1977 co-expressing CYP1A1, CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 genes showed remarkable cross-resistance to several herbicides with different structures and modes of action due to metabolism of these herbicides by the P450 species expressed. The transgenic rice plant 2C9-57R2 expressing CYP2C9 gene showed resistance to sulfonylureas, and the transgenic rice plant 2C19-12R1 expressing CYP2C19 gene showed cross-resistance to certain herbicides with different structures and modes of action. These transgenic plants appear to be useful for herbicide resistance as well as phytoremediation of environmental contaminants.  相似文献   

Renal effects of medetomidine in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with special reference to its diuretic action     

Saleh N  Aoki M  Shimada T  Akiyoshi H  Hassanin A  Ohashi F 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(5):461-465

Renal effects of the selective alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, medetomidine, were investigated in anesthetized dogs. Animals were administered medetomidine 20 and 40 microg/kg intravenously (IV) and 80 mug/kg intramuscularly (IM) or 1 ml of saline IV. Urine and blood samples were collected before and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min following medetomidine injection. Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine volume (U(v)), urine osmolality (U(osm)), free water clearance (C(H2O)), fractional clearance of sodium (F(Na)), plasma osmolality (P(osm)), plasma glucose levels and plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) concentrations were measured. The results showed that IV administration of medetomidine initially increased MABP 5-15 min followed by long-lasting decrease. The initial hypertension was not observed after IM administration, which was accompanied by a more profound hypotensive effects. RBF, GFR, U(v), C(H2O) increased after IV injection and decreased after IM. Medetomidine increased FNa and Posm and decreased U(osm). Plasma glucose levels initially increased and subsequently decreased. Plasma ADH concentration was decreased by IV injection but increased by IM administration. Our data imply that: 1) IV administration of medetomidine at dose rates of 20 and 40 microg/kg results in profound diuresis up to 2 hr; 2) Suppression of ADH release from the CNS is one of the mechanisms of medetomidine-induced diuresis although it may not be the principal one.  相似文献   

Suppressive effect of deoxynivalenol, a Fusarium mycotoxin, on bovine and porcine neutrophil chemiluminescence: an in vitro study     

Takayama H  Shimada N  Mikami O  Murata H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(5):531-533

We evaluated the immunotoxicity of deoxynivalenol (DON), a Fusarium mycotoxin, on bovine and porcine neutrophils in vitro by using two function parameters, luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and random migration under agarose. A 2-hr DON treatment suppressed the chemiluminescence of bovine and porcine cells by 42% and 35% (on average) at 10(-5)M, and by 19% and 26% at 10(-6)M. Slight suppression was observed at concentrations lower than 10(-6)M. However, after an 18-hr DON treatment, random migration of neutrophils of both species remained unaffected, even at the highest concentration (10(-5)M). Although further extensive studies are needed, to our knowledge this is the first study to have revealed in vitro that DON can affect neutrophil function.  相似文献   

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of canine chromogranin A by use of immunological cross-reactivity of rabbit anti-bovine chromogranin A antibody     

Akiyoshi H  Aoki M  Kumagai D  Saleh N  Noda K  Shimada T  Sugii S  Ohashi F 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(5):535-537

Bovine and canine chromogranin A were extracted and purified from each specie's adrenal glands. Isolated bovine 70 kDa protein showed 100% identity to bovine CgA reported previously, whereas isolated canine 68 kDa protein showed 83.3% identity to bovine CgA by the NH(2)-terminal amino acid sequence analysis. Rabbit antibody to purified bovine protein (CgA) was found to immunologically cross-reacted with purified canine protein (CgA). In sandwich ELISA with anti-bovine CgA, concentration-dependent curves were obtained ranging from 0.3 to 20 mug/ml for canine CgA. From these findings, sandwich ELISA with anti-bovine CgA is found to be useful to determine the concentration of canine CgA.  相似文献   

Role of actin microfilaments in canine distemper virus replication in vero cells     

Katayama H  Hori M  Sato K  Kajita M  Ozaki H  Karaki H  Ohashi K  Kai C 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(4):409-415

Several studies have indicated that viruses require a specific cytoskeletal structure for replication in host cells. In this study, we examined the role of actin fiber in the replication of canine distemper virus (CDV), belonging to the Morbillivirus genus of the family Paramyxoviridae. For this purpose, we used two actin depolymerizing agents, cytochalasin-D (C-D) and mycalolide-B (ML-B). In Vero cells, C-D disrupted actin fibers distributed in the cytosol, but peripheral actin fibers remained intact. On the other hand, ML-B completely disrupted the actin fibers distributed in both areas. Treatment of Vero cells with C-D or ML-B inhibited the replication of CDV. Double staining of CDV-infected Vero cells with antibody to N-protein and rhodamine-phalloidin revealed the presence of N-protein in mid-cytoplasm. However, the N-protein was specifically localized at the submembrane region in the presence of C-D, whereas it was clustered in the presence of ML-B. Viral mRNA levels of N- and H-proteins were rather increased by treatment with C-D or ML-B. The treatment with ML-B strongly inhibited N-protein expression, whereas C-D only slightly inhibited N-protein expression. These results suggest that actin microfilaments distributed in the cytoplasm and on the membrane region in host cells may have a different role in the process of CDV replication.  相似文献