Nitrogen Assimilatory Enzymes and Amino Acid Content in Inoculated Foliar Fertilized Pea Plants Grown at Reduced Molybdenum Concentration     

Marieta Hristozkova  Maria Geneva  Ira Stancheva  Georgy Georgiev 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):1409-1419

ABSTRACT

A possibility to improve nitrogen assimilation in nitrogen fixing Molybdenum (Mo) deficient pea plants was shown. The influence of foliar supplied nutrients in addition to root nutrition resulted in reducing the unfavorable effects of inorganic nitrogen on nodule function and Mo deficiency on the nitrogen assimilatory enzymes. Inoculated pea plants were grown on liquid nutrient solution both with and without Mo. The following variants were tested: Mo supplied plants with root nutrition (F1 + Mo); Mo supplied plants with root and foliar nutrition (F2 + Mo); Mo deficient plants with root nutrition (F1 ? Mo); and Mo deficient plants with root and foliar nutrition (F2 ? Mo). Foliar application of nutrients had a positive effect on the glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase enzyme activities in the roots and nodules of Mo deficient plants. It was found that the foliar fertilization reduced the inhibitory effect of Mo shortage on the aspartate/asparagine content in the pea shoots.  相似文献   

Interactions between the introduced fungal pathogen Entomophaga maimaiga and indigenous tachinid parasitoids of gypsy moth Lymantria dispar in Bulgaria     

Georgi Georgiev  Zdravko Hubenov  Margarita Georgieva  Plamen Mirchev  Maria Matova  Leellen F. Solter  Daniela Pilarska  Plamen Pilarski 《Phytoparasitica》2013,41(2):125-131

Interactions between the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), pathogenic fungus Entomophaga maimaiga, and the tachinid parasitoid (Diptera: Tachinidae) complex in gypsy moth larvae were investigated in Bulgaria, where E. maimaiga was recently released as a biological control agent. Gypsy moth larvae were collected in oak stands where E. maimaiga was originally introduced (nine sites) and in sites where the pathogen has invaded by natural extension of the range (ten sites). In total, 4,375 host larvae were examined and 401 tachinid larvae emerged from parasitized hosts. Host mortality caused by tachinids varied from 0 to 48.5% among sites, with an overall average of 9.2%. Emerging adult tachinid parasitoids included 54 individuals belonging to six species: Compsilura concinnata, Exorista larvarum, Senometopia separata, Senometopia excisa, Drino incospiqua and Zenilia libatrix; the remaining parasitoids (86.5%) died in the pupal stage. E. maimaiga azygospores were observed on puparia surfaces, an indication that the gypsy moth host larvae were infected with the fungus. No azygospores were observed in parasitoid tissues. The high parasitoid mortality may be the result of the competition with E. maimaiga during development in the same host.  相似文献   

中俄边境额尔古纳河以及达乌尔草原临近地区的丹顶鹤状况(英文)     

Oleg A.GOROSHKO 《中国鸟类》2012,3(3):230-237

外贝加尔湖地区位于西伯利亚东南部,贝加尔湖以东,包括达乌尔大草原。达乌尔草原是几种鹤类如丹顶鹤(Grus japonensis)重要的栖息地。作者研究了自1988年以来该地区的鹤类情况。丹顶鹤在该地区主要出现在Torey湖及额尔古纳河,这两处地方是丹顶鹤大陆种群繁殖区域的最西缘。1990年之前,在Torey湖有丹顶鹤的零星记录,2002–2007年,丹顶鹤开始在该地定期出现并繁殖。进入21世纪后,在额尔古纳河观察到3–4只丹顶鹤,此后鹤的数量呈稳定增长趋势,并在2004年达到最高,该年至少有30对鹤在河滩湿地繁殖。然而,2004年以来,随着额尔古纳河水位不断降低,湿地陆续干涸,丹顶鹤种群数量急剧减少至4或7个。在额尔古纳河,丹顶鹤正面临着严重威胁,如频繁的春季焚烧、狩猎及水质污染。中俄双方需齐心协力共同保护丹顶鹤及其湿地生境。  相似文献   

The first record of tetrasomy in pea (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pisum sativum</Emphasis> L.)     

Oleg E. Kosterin  Elvira R. Galieva  Vera S. Bogdanova 《Euphytica》2009,166(1):109-121

Tetrasomic plants with two additional small chromosomes were identified, with a frequency about 2.5%, in the trisomic pea line TRUST-R, which normally contains one extra chromosome covering a sporophyte lethal in the regular chromosome set. As compared to trisomics, tetrasomics exhibited an enhanced expression of the traits resulting from extra chromosome addition: slow growth, enlarged bracts, shortened peduncles, wavy leaflets and stipulae. They were almost sterile, their pollen contained a variable proportion of empty grains and some anomalously large, small or deformed grains. In metaphase I, two extra chromosomes did not form a stable bivalent and only in some cases were situated close to each other. In anaphase I, the extra chromosomes migrated independently to either pole or retarded in the equatorial plain, the same was observed for chromatids in anaphase II. This retardation resulted in anomalous cytokinesis, so that triads, dyads and half-divided or non-divided monads appeared. The retarded extra chromosomes may form small extra nuclei either included into one of the microspores or forming a separate miniature cell; in this way tetrasomics may eliminate extra chromosomes. One of the tetrasomics analysed formed an exceptionally high proportion of microspore pentads. In the regluar TRUST-R trisomics, the sole extra chromosome retarded in the equatorial plain in anaphases I and II. The retardation in anaphase II often makes cytokinesis in trisomics (in general more regular than in tetrasomic) to proceed in two steps: at first cell wall formation separates a pollen mother cell into two dyads and then each of them into two microspores.  相似文献   

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Lectin from the Clam Glycymeris yessoensis and Its Functional Characterization under Microbial Stimulation and Environmental Stress     

Tatyana O. Mizgina  Irina V. Chikalovets  Valentina I. Molchanova  Rustam H. Ziganshin  Oleg V. Chernikov 《Marine drugs》2021,19(9)

Lectin from the bivalve Glycymeris yessoensis (GYL) was purified by affinity chromatography on porcine stomach mucin–Sepharose. GYL is a dimeric protein with a molecular mass of 36 kDa, as established by SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF analysis, consisting of 18 kDa subunits linked by a disulfide bridge. According to circular dichroism data, GYL is a β/α-protein with the predominance of β-structure. GYL preferentially agglutinates enzyme-treated rabbit erythrocytes and recognizes glycoproteins containing O-glycosidically linked glycans, such as porcine stomach mucin (PSM), fetuin, thyroglobulin, and ovalbumin. The amino acid sequences of five segments of GYL were acquired via mass spectrometry. The sequences have no homology with other known lectins. GYL is Ca²⁺-dependent and stable over a range above a pH of 8 and temperatures up to 20 °C for 30 min. GYL is a pattern recognition receptor, as it binds common pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as peptidoglycan, LPS, β-1,3-glucan and mannan. GYL possesses a broad microbial-binding spectrum, including Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Vibrio proteolyticus), but not the fungus Candida albicans. Expression levels of GYL in the hemolymph were significantly upregulated after bacterial challenge by V. proteolyticus plus environmental stress (diesel fuel). Results indicate that GYL is probably a new member of the C-type lectin family, and may be involved in the immune response of G. yessoensis to bacterial attack.  相似文献   

Relationship of wild and cultivated forms of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pisum</Emphasis> L. as inferred from an analysis of three markers,of the plastid,mitochondrial and nuclear genomes     

Oleg E. Kosterin  Vera S. Bogdanova 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(5):735-755

Eighty-nine accessions of wild and cultivated peas (12 Pisum fulvum Sibth. et Smith., 7 P. abyssinicum A. Br., 31 wild and 42 cultivated forms of P. sativum L.) were analysed for presence of the variants of three functionally unrelated polymorphic markers referring to different cellular genomes. The plastid gene rbcL either contains or not the recognition site for restriction endonuclease AspLEI (rbcL+ vs. rbcL−); the mitochondrial gene cox1 either contains or not the recognition site for restriction endonuclease PsiI (cox1+ vs. cox1−); the nuclear encoded seed albumin SCA is represented by slow (SCA^S) or fast (SCA^F) variant. Most of the accessions possessed either of two marker combinations: 24 had SCA^F cox1+ rbcL+ (combination A) and 49 accessions had SCA^S cox1− rbcL− (combination B), 16 accessions represented 5 of the rest 6 possible combinations. All accessions of P. fulvum and P. abyssinicum had combination A, the overwhelming majority of cultivated forms of P. sativum had combination B while wild representatives of P. sativum had both combinations A and B, as well as rare combinations. This pattern indicates that combination A is the ancestral state in the genus Pisum L., inherited by P. fulvum and P. abyssinicum, while combination B seems to have arisen in some lineage of wild P. sativum which rapidly fixed mutational transitions of the three markers studied, most probably via a bottleneck effect during the Pleistocene. Then this ‘lineage B’ spread over Mediterranean and also gave rise to cultivated forms of P. sativum. Rare combinations may have resulted from occasional crosses between ‘lineage A’ and ‘lineage B’ in nature or during cultivation, or represent intermediate evolutionary lineages. The latter explanation seems relevant for an Egyptian cultivated form ‘Pisum jomardii Schrank’ (SCA^F cox1− rbcL−) which is here given a subspecies rank. Wild representatives of P. sativum could be subdivided in two subspecies corresponding to ‘lineage A’ and ‘lineage B’ but all available subspecies names seem to belong to lineage B only. Presently all wild forms would better be considered within a fuzzy paraphyletic subspecies P. sativum subsp. elatius (Bieb.) Schmalh. s. l.  相似文献   

Study of Structure–Activity Relationships of the Marine Alkaloid Fascaplysin and Its Derivatives as Potent Anticancer Agents     

Maxim E. Zhidkov  Moritz Kaune  Alexey V. Kantemirov  Polina A. Smirnova  Pavel V. Spirin  Maria A. Sidorova  Sergey A. Stadnik  Elena Y. Shyrokova  Dmitry N. Kaluzhny  Oleg A. Tryapkin  Tobias Busenbender  Jessica Hauschild  Tina Rohlfing  Vladimir S. Prassolov  Carsten Bokemeyer  Markus Graefen  Gunhild von Amsberg  Sergey A. Dyshlovoy 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)

Marine alkaloid fascaplysin and its derivatives are known to exhibit promising anticancer properties in vitro and in vivo. However, toxicity of these molecules to non-cancer cells was identified as a main limitation for their clinical use. Here, for the very first time, we synthesized a library of fascaplysin derivatives covering all possible substituent introduction sites, i.e., cycles A, C and E of the 12H-pyrido[1-2-a:3,4-b’]diindole system. Their selectivity towards human prostate cancer versus non-cancer cells, as well as the effects on cellular metabolism, membrane integrity, cell cycle progression, apoptosis induction and their ability to intercalate into DNA were investigated. A pronounced selectivity for cancer cells was observed for the family of di- and trisubstituted halogen derivatives (modification of cycles A and E), while a modification of cycle C resulted in a stronger activity in therapy-resistant PC-3 cells. Among others, 3,10-dibromofascaplysin exhibited the highest selectivity, presumably due to the cytostatic effects executed via the targeting of cellular metabolism. Moreover, an introduction of radical substituents at C-9, C-10 or C-10 plus C-3 resulted in a notable reduction in DNA intercalating activity and improved selectivity. Taken together, our research contributes to understanding the structure–activity relationships of fascaplysin alkaloids and defines further directions of the structural optimization.  相似文献   

Pericarditis, "round-heart disease", and endocarditis in turkeys, with special reference to electrocardiographical changes     

P Gabraschanski  C Georgiev 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1971,78(15):426-30 concl

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Studies on the blood of the rainbow trout (Salmo irideus Gibb)     

G Georgiev 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1972,26(5):733-739

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Papillary ovarian cystadenocarcinoma in a dog     

Yotov S  Simeonov R  Dimitrov F  Vassilev N  Dimitrov M  Georgiev P 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》2005,76(1):43-45

An 11-year-old female German Shepherd dog was presented for investigation of progressive enlargement of the abdomen, periodic bloody discharge from the vulva and rapid exhaustion. Transabdominal ultrasonography and lateral abdominal radiography demonstrated an echogenic formation with anechogenic cavities located cranial to the urinary bladder and a homogeneous shadow with an elliptical shape was located caudal to the rib arc. Both showed indistinct borders. Exploratory laparotomy identified bilateral ovarian masses and ovariohysterectomy was performed. Histopathology confirmed ovarian cystadenocarcinoma. The dog remained clinically normal without evidence of metastatic disease 4 months after surgery. Papillary cystadenocarcinoma in the bitch could affect both ovaries and manifests with a rapid growth rate and clinical signs such as rapid exhaustion, abdominal enlargement and vulval discharge. Ovariohysterectomy is the treatment option.  相似文献