Experimental infection of wild boar and domestic pigs with a foot and mouth disease virus strain detected in the southeast of Bulgaria in December of 2010     

Breithaupt A  Depner K  Haas B  Alexandrov T  Polihronova L  Georgiev G  Meyer-Gerbaulet H  Beer M 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,159(1-2):33-39

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) was detected in a wild boar in Southeastern Bulgaria in December 2010. The occurrence and spread of the disease in wild cloven-hoofed animals may pose an unexpected and significant threat to FMD virus (FMDV)-free areas within and outside the European Union. So far, only one well documented experimental infection with FMD in wild boar has been published. In order to obtain more epidemiologically relevant data regarding the disease in wild boar we conducted an experiment with the 2010 Bulgarian FMDV type O isolate. Two young wild boar were challenged while two domestic pigs and two additional wild boar served as contact controls. While the domestic pigs developed severe clinical signs of FMD, the wild boar showed relatively mild course of the disease. Viremia started in contact wild boar 2 days post exposure (DPE) and lasted until 6 DPE. The virus shedding lasted until 9 DPE. On 27 DPE, when the animals were slaughtered, viral RNA was detected in lymphoid tissues and oropharyngeal fluid but no virus could be isolated. Commercial ELISAs and virus neutralisation tests detected antibodies against FMDV on 8 or 6 DPE, respectively. The data of the present study will help to understand FMD in wild boar populations and can be used in models to evaluate the potential role of wild boar in FMD epidemiology.  相似文献   

Rickettsiae in arthropods collected from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in France     

Marié JL  Davoust B  Socolovschi C  Mediannikov O  Roqueplo C  Beaucournu JC  Raoult D  Parola P 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2012,35(1):59-62

The aim of our study was to detect the presence of Rickettsia spp. and Bartonella spp. in ticks and fleas collected from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in southeastern France during 2008. Using a genus-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay, which was followed by a species-specific qPCR assay for the positive samples, 45.2% (33/73) of ticks (Rhipicephalus turanicus) were found to be infected with Rickettsia massiliae. 10.5% (2/19) of the fleas (Archaeopsylla erinacei) collected in the study tested positive for Rickettsia felis. A genus-specific qPCR assay did not reveal any Bartonella species in any of the ticks or fleas collected. The role of red foxes in the epidemiology of spotted fever caused by Rickettsiae species requires further investigation.  相似文献   

Distribution of mRNA that codes for subtypes of adrenergic receptors in the gastrointestinal tract of dairy cows     

Meylan M  Georgieva TM  Reist M  Blum JW  Martig J  Georgiev IP  Steiner A 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(8):1142-1150

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Application of an attenuated vaccine, RoCo-81, against viral enteritis of calves     

H Haralambiev  G Georgiev  B Mitov  P Tsvetkov 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1987,35(4):469-473

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Effect of low environmental temperature on the excretion of water and electrolytes in pigs at different stages of growth     

S Georgiev  M Steinhardt  L Lyhs 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1973,27(4):625-632

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New parasitoids of Paraphytomyza populi (Kltb.) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) in Bulgaria     

G.Ts. Georgiev  P. Boyadzhiev 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》2002,75(3):69-71

The parasitoid complex of Paraphytomyza populi (Kltb.) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) was studied in Sofia, Bulgaria in 1997. Poplar leaves with P. populi larvae and pupae were collected from poplar stump shoots and examined in a laboratory. As a result, eleven parasitoid species were established: Chorebus albipes (Haliday) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), Pediobius metallicus (Nees), Danuviella subplana Erdos, Chrysocharis nephereus (Walker), Chrysocharis pubicornis (Zetterstedt), Diglyphus crassinervis Erdos, Diglyphus isaea (Walker), Diglyphus albiscapus Erdos, Cirrospilus diallus Walker, Cirrospilus pictus (Nees) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) and Elasmus sp. (Hymenoptera, Elasmidae). Six species (D. crassinervis, D. isaea, D. albiscapus, C. diallus, C. pictus and Elasmus sp.) have been recorded as new parasitoids of P. populi. The genus Danuviella was found for the first time in Bulgaria. Five species (C. albipes, P. metallicus, D. subplana, D. crassinervis and D. albiscapus) are new records for the fauna of the country. The total mortality of P. populi caused by parasitoids was 19.1% and 49.0% for the overwintering and the summer generations, respectively. P. metallicus was the most important in reducing the pest number.  相似文献   

New Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) parasitoids of Dasineura saliciperda (Dufour) (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in Bulgaria     

G. Ts. Georgiev  A. M. Stojanova 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》2003,77(3):161-162

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n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids provoke a specific transcriptional profile in rabbit adipose‐derived stem cells in vitro     

E aterina Vackova  Darko Bosnakovski  Bodil Bjrndal  Penka Yonkova  Natalia Grigorova  Zhenya Ivanova  Georgi Penchev  Galina Simeonova  Lyuba Miteva  Anelya Milanova  Tatyana Vachkova  Spaska Stanilova  Ivan Penchev Georgiev 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(3):925-934

Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) possess multipotent properties, and their proper functionality is essential for further development of metabolic disorders. In the current study, we explored the impact of two n‐3 LC‐PUFAs (long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, DHA—docosahexaenoic; C22:6, and EPA—eicosapentaenoic; C20:5) on a specific profile of lipolytic‐related gene expressions in the in vitro‐differentiated subcutaneous and visceral ADSCs from rabbits. The subcutaneous and visceral ADSCs were obtained from 28‐day‐old New Zealand rabbits. The primary cells were cultured up to passage 4 and were induced for adipogenic differentiation. Thereafter, the differentiated cells were treated with 100 µg EPA or DHA for 48 hr. The total mRNA was isolated and target genes expression evaluated by real‐time RCR. The results demonstrated that treatment of rabbit ADSCs with n‐3 PUFAs significantly enhanced mRNA expression of Perilipin A, while the upregulation of leptin and Rab18 genes was seen mainly in ADSCs from visceral adipose tissue. Moreover, the EPA significantly enhanced PEDF (Pigment Derived Epithelium Factor) mRNA expression only in visceral cells. Collectively, the results suggest activation of an additional lipolysis pathway most evident in visceral cells. The data obtained in our study indicate that in vitro EPA up‐regulates the mRNA expression of the studied lipolysis‐associated genes stronger than DHA mainly in visceral rabbit ADSCs.  相似文献   

Biocontrol of Spider Mites in California Strawberry Production     

Anna D. Howell  Oleg Daugovish 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2016,16(4):169-177

ABSTRACT

Field experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 to evaluate the predation efficacy of four commercially available predatory mites (Phytoseiidae): Phytoseiulus persimilis, Neoseiulus californicus, N. fallacis, and Amblyseius andersoni, for control of twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) and Lewis spider mite (Eotetranychus lewisi) in strawberries. In the 2013 experiment, a grower standard treatment (P. persimilis and N. californicus) was compared to single treatments of each phytoseiid species. The 2014 experiment excluded N. fallacis as a treatment, but all other treatments are the same as in 2013. For both seasons, all treatments decreased both two-spotted and Lewis spider mite populations immediately after releases equivalently. However, none of the treatments tested were able to keep twospotted and Lewis spider mite populations below the economic threshold level. These findings indicate that several releases will be needed throughout the growing season in order to maintain spider mite levels below the economic thresholds.  相似文献   

Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Betalain Extracts from Intact Plants and Hairy Root Cultures of the Red Beetroot Beta vulgaris cv. Detroit Dark Red     

Vasil Georgiev Georgiev  Jost Weber  Eva-Maria Kneschke  Petko Nedyalkov Denev  Thomas Bley  Atanas Ivanov Pavlov 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(2):105-111

Betalains are water-soluble plant pigments that are widely used as food colorants, and have a wide range of desirable biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer properties. They can be produced from various plants, notably beetroot, but betalain products obtained in this way also have some undesirable properties and are difficult to standardize. A potentially attractive alternative is to use hairy root cultures. In the study reported here, we found that betalain extracts obtained from hairy root cultures of the red beetroot B. vulgaris cv. Detroit Dark Red also had higher antioxidant activity than extracts obtained from mature beetroots: six-fold higher 2,2-dyphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability (90.7% inhibition, EC₅₀ = 0.11 mg, vs 14.2% inhibition, EC₅₀ = 0.70 mg) and 3.28-fold higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity (4,100 μM TE/g dry extract, vs 1,250 μM TE/g dry extract). The high antioxidant activity of the hairy root extracts was associated with increased concentrations (more than 20-fold) of total phenolic concomitant compounds, which may have synergistic effects with betalains. The presence of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, catechin hydrate, and epicatechin were detected in both types of extract, but at different concentrations. Rutin was only present at high concentration (1.096 mg.g⁻¹ dry extract) in betalain extracts from the hairy root cultures, whereas chlorogenic acid was only detected at measurable concentrations in extracts from intact plants.  相似文献