The Post-larval Development of Lateral Musculature in Gilthead Sea Bream Sparus aurata (L.) and Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.)     

G. Ramírez-Zarzosa  F. Gil  J. M. Vázquez  A. Arencibia  R. Latorre  O. López-Albors  A. Ortega  F. Moreno 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1998,27(1):21-29

Fibre-type differentiation of lateral musculature has been studied in gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata (L.) and sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) during post-larval development using ultrastructural, histochemical and morphometric techniques. The study showed three muscle layers: red, intermediate (or pink) and white. Initially, most of the red muscle showed low myosin ATPase (m-ATPase) activity fibres, whereas near the transverse septum some small high m-ATPase activity fibres appeared and later acquired a rosette aspect. Afterwards, during adult growth the red muscle showed a histochemical mosaic appearance. The pink muscle in sea bass was observed at the beginning of juvenile development by the oxidative technique (NADH-RT reaction) whereas in gilthead sea bream it was also observed at the end of larval development. The pink layer consists of high m-ATPase activity fibres. However, along the muscle development other low and moderate m-ATPase activity fibres were observed close to the red and white muscles, respectively. The white muscle of juvenile fish showed a histochemical mosaic appearance near the pink muscle. In adult specimens the mosaic white muscle spread out occupying the whole of the myotome. Morphometric analysis shows a significant increase in mean fibre diameter during post-larval development, as shown by the Student's t-test (hypertrophic growth). Skewness and kurtosis values of fibre diameters point to the generation of a new fibres from the myosatellite cells (hyperplastic growth).  相似文献   

Incidence of Verticillium wilt of artichoke in eastern Spain and role of inoculum sources on crop infection     

J. Armengol  M. Berbegal  A. Giménez-Jaime  S. Romero  R. Beltrán  A. Vicent  A. Ortega  J. García-Jiménez 《Phytoparasitica》2005,33(4):397-405

Surveys of 94 artichoke fields throughout the artichoke production areas of Comunidad Valenciana (eastern Spain) were conducted from 1999 to 2002 to determine the incidence and distribution of Verticillium wilt.Verticillium dahliae was isolated from 80.9% of the sampled fields, and detected in all artichoke-growing areas, with a mean disease incidence of 53.8% infected plants. The disease was found to cause severe damage to cv. ‘Blanca de Tudela’, which is the most important artichoke cultivar grown in Spain, and was also observed on the seed-propagated cv. ‘Imperial Star’. In field trials to study the role of infected planting material and soil inoculum on infection of artichoke plants during the cropping season,V. dahliae was transmitted from infected stumps to the plants, confirming that the use of infected stumps could have greatly contributed to the dissemination of the pathogen. Inoculum density ofV. dahliae in soil had an effect on crop infection, in that a higher number of microsclerotia per gram of soil resulted in a higher percentage of infected plants. In addition, yield of cv. Blanca de Tudela was significantly affected byV. dahliae infection, showing that a higher percentage of infection corresponded with lower yield. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 21, 2005.  相似文献   

Vineyard yield estimation by combining remote sensing,computer vision and artificial neural network techniques     

Ballesteros  Rocío  Intrigliolo  Diego S.  Ortega  José F.  Ramírez-Cuesta  Juan M.  Buesa  Ignacio  Moreno  Miguel A. 《Precision Agriculture》2020,21(6):1242-1262

In viticulture, it is critical to predict productivity levels of the different vineyard zones to undertake appropriate cropping practices. To overcome this challenge, the final yield was predicted by combining vegetation indices (VIs) to sense the health status of the crop and by computer vision to obtain the vegetated fraction cover (F_c) as a measure of plant vigour. Multispectral imagery obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is used to obtain VIs and F_c, which are used together with artificial neural networks (ANN) to model the relationship between VIs, F_c and yield. The proposed methodology was applied in a vineyard, where different irrigation and fertilisation doses were applied. The results showed that using computer vision techniques to differentiate between canopy and soil is necessary in precision viticulture to obtain accurate results. In addition, the combination of VIs (reflectance approach) and F_c (geometric approach) to predict vineyard yield results in higher accuracy (root mean square error (RMSE)?=?0.9 kg vine^?1 and relative error (RE)?=?21.8% for the image when close to harvest) compared to the simple use of VIs (RMSE?=?1.2 kg vine^?1 and RE?=?28.7%). The implementation of machine learning techniques resulted in much more accurate results than linear models (RMSE?=?0.5 kg vine^?1 and RE?=?12.1%). More precise yield predictions were obtained when images were taken close to the harvest date, although promising results were obtained at earlier stages. Given the perennial nature of grapevines and the multiple environmental and endogenous factors determining yield, seasonal calibration for yield prediction is required.

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First detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) affected by a septicaemic disease in Mexico     

Cesar Ortega  Leticia Caas‐Lopez  Rute Irgang  Raúl Fajardo  Matías Poblete‐Morales  Benjamin Valladares-Carranza  Diana Tapia‐Cammas  Ruben Avendao‐Herrera 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(5):667-675

Spring viraemia of carp (SVC) is an infectious disease responsible for severe economic losses for various cyprinid species, particularly common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio). The causative agent is the SVC virus (SVCV), a member of the Sprivivirus genus, Rhabdoviridae family, and a List 1 pathogen notifiable by the World Organization for Animal Health. This study describes the diagnosis of an SVCV pathogen isolated in October 2015 from wild common carp inhabiting a natural lagoon in central Mexico. While neither an epidemic nor fish mortalities were reported, the collected killed specimens exhibited clinical signs of disease (e.g., exopthalmia, moderate abdominal distension and haemorrhaging, as well as internal haemorrhages and adhesions). Histological results of injuries were consistent with the pathology caused by SVCV. This finding was supported by the isolation of a virus in EPC and BF‐2 cells and subsequent RT‐PCR confirmation of SVCV. The phylogenetic analyses of partial SVCV glycoprotein gene sequences classified the isolates into the Ia genogroup. These findings make this the first report of SVCV detection in Mexico, extending the southern geographical range of SVCV within North America. However, since this pathogen was detected in fish inhabiting a natural body of water without tributaries or effluents, it is difficult to estimate the risk of SVCV for other wild/feral cohabitating cyprinid species in the lagoon. The status of this virus is also unknown for other bodies of water within this region.  相似文献   

The reproductive ecology of exotic Trachemys scripta elegans in an invaded area of southern Europe     

Natividad Perez‐Santigosa  Carmen Díaz‐Paniagua  Judith Hidalgo‐Vila 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2008,18(7):1302-1310

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Phagocytosis of latex beads by alveolar macrophages from mice exposed to cigarette smoke.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

E Ortega  F Hueso  M E Collazos  M I Pedrera  C Barriga  A B Rodríguez 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1992,15(2):137-142

Cigarette smoking is known to alter the numerical presence and function of alveolar macrophages. It has been speculated that these cigarette-smoke-induced alterations contribute to the depressed pulmonary defence mechanism commonly demonstrated in smokers. Studies of the phagocytic and bactericidal activities of alveolar macrophages from smokers and non-smokers have yielded conflicting results. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phagocytic capacity of alveolar macrophages from mice exposed to cigarette smoke in relation to the ability to ingest inert particles (latex beads). Measurements were made before (basal values), immediately after, and 1, 12 or 24 h after exposure. Significant decreases were observed in the number of latex beads ingested by 100 macrophages (phagocytic index) and in the phagocytic efficiency for ingesting latex (mean number of latex beads ingested per activated macrophages) immediately after and 1 h after exposure, and in the number of activated macrophages (those with phagocytic activity) immediately after exposure.  相似文献   

Efficacy of different commercial and new inactivated vaccines against ovine enzootic abortion     

García de la Fuente JN  Gutiérrez-Martín CB  Ortega N  Rodríguez-Ferri EF  del Río ML  González OR  Salinas J 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,100(1-2):65-76

The protective efficacy of two inactivated commercial (A, B) and two new inactivated vaccines (M7, QS) against ovine enzootic abortion was determined in two separate experiments in sheep. Vaccine A contained chlamydiae propagated in chicken embryos, adjuvated with Marcol 82, and vaccine B contained chlamydiae cultured in cell monolayers, adjuvated with aluminium hydroxide. For the preparation of the experimental vaccines, Chlamydophila abortus AB7 strain was cultured in McCoy cells and adjuvated with QS-21 (QS) or Montanide ISA 773 (M7). The ewes were vaccinated twice subcutaneously and challenged at 90 days of gestation. Protection was evaluated by clinical, bacteriological and serological examinations, and compared to two control groups: one of infected but not vaccinated ewes, and another of vaccinated but not infected ewes. The experimental vaccines induced considerably better protection than the two commercial ones. The new vaccine M7 especially showed no abortions, a good antibody response, the highest newborn lamb weights and the lowest level of C. abortus shedding at lambing.  相似文献   

Ocular Onchocerca infections in two dogs in western United States     

Mark L. Eberhard  Ynes Ortega  Sharon Dial  Chris A. Schiller  Alson W. Sears  Ellis Greiner 《Veterinary parasitology》2000,90(4)

Two dogs, one from California and one from Arizona, were found to have aberrant infections caused by filarial nematodes of the genus Onchocerca. In both cases, the parasites are localized in or near the eye. In one case the worm was located in the cornea and was surgically removed. In the second case, a very marked granulomatous reaction was induced in the retrobulbar space, mimicking an abscess. This eye was enucleated. The worms in both instances were female, and were gravid, i.e. contained microfilariae in utero, indicating that a male worm(s) had been present and mating had occurred. The exact identity of the species of Onchocerca responsible cannot be determined, although the features observed are most like Onchocerca lienalis of cattle. These cases represent the fourth and fifth such cases reported from the US, and are especially interesting because of the unusual location of the worms, the small number of recognized cases, and the similarity to a recent zoonotic human infection.  相似文献   

Akt (protein kinase B) preserves motility in stallion sperm by inhibiting caspases 3 and 7     

J.M. Gallardo Bolaños  C.M. Balao da Silva  P. Martín Muñoz  A. Morillo Rodríguez  María Plaza Dávila  I.M. Aparicio  J.A. Tapia  C. Ortega Ferrusola  F.J. Peña 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

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Identification of Apoptotic Bodies in Equine Semen     

AB Caselles  A Miro‐Moran  A Morillo Rodriguez  JM Gallardo Bolaños  C Ortega‐Ferrusola  GM Salido  FJ Peña  JA Tapia  IM Aparicio 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(2):254-262

Apoptosis in the testis is required to ensure an efficient spermatogenesis. However, sometimes, defective germ cells that are marked for elimination during this process escape elimination in the testes, giving rise to ejaculates with increased percentages of abnormal and apoptotic spermatozoa and a high percentage of apoptotic bodies. Apoptosis markers in the ejaculate have been associated with low fertility, either in animals or humans. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate whether fresh equine semen contains apoptotic bodies [initially named Merocyanine 540 (M540) bodies] and to study the relationship between the quantity of these bodies and cell concentration, the volume of ejaculate, viability and motility. Moreover, we also studied whether the presence apoptotic bodies in fresh semen was related to the resistance of the stallion spermatozoa to being incubated at 37°C or being frozen and thawed. Fresh equine semen was stained with fluorescent dyes such as M540 and Annexin‐V. Active Caspase 3 was studied in fresh semen through Western blotting and immunofluorescence with a specific antibody. Sperm kinematics was assessed in fresh, incubated and thawed samples using computer‐assisted semen analysis, and viability was evaluated with the LIVE/DEAD Sperm Viability Kit. Overall, our results demonstrate for the first time the presence of apoptotic bodies in equine semen. The quantity of apoptotic bodies was highly variable among stallions and was positively correlated with Caspase 3 activity in fresh samples and negatively correlated with the viability and motility of stallion spermatozoa after the cryopreservation process.  相似文献