Marker-assisted selection of common beans for resistance to common bacterial blight: efficacy and economics   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

K Yu    S. J. Park  V. Poysa 《Plant Breeding》2000,119(5):411-415

The possibility of using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers previously mapped in the common bean PC50/XANI59 population to select for resistance to common bacterial blight (CBB) in different populations was examined. Two out of 02 selected RAPD markers were polymorphic in HR56 and W0633d, the parental lines used in this experiment. Cosegregation analysis of the two polymorphic markers and disease reaction in a recombinant inbred (RI) population derived from HR67/W1744d confirmed that one of the two RAPD markers, BC420₉₀₀, was significantly associated with a major quantitative trait locus‐conditioning resistance to CBB in HR67. This locus accounted for approximately 51) of the phenotypic variation. The RAPD marker was transformed into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker and used for selection in a different population derived from ‘Envoy’/HR67. Prediction for resistance to CBB with the BC420_.990 SCAR marker was 94.2% accurate in this population. A comparison between marker‐assisted selection (MAS) and conventional greenhouse screening showed that the cost of MAS is about one‐third less than that of the greenhouse test.  相似文献   

Effects of irradiated phytic acid on antioxidation and color stability in meat models     

Park HR  Ahn HJ  Kim JH  Yook HS  Kim S  Lee CH  Byun MW 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(9):2572-2576

Lipid oxidation and color stability of meats treated with irradiated phytic acid were investigated during storage for 2 weeks at 4 degrees C. The phytic acid in deionized distilled water (DDW) was degraded by irradiation at 10 and 20 kGy, and the irradiated phytic acid showed a strong antiradical activity. For measuring the antioxidant effects of irradiated phytic acid in food models, beef and pork were prepared with DDW (control), irradiated (10 and 20 kGy) or non-irradiated phytic acid, and ascorbic acid as a model system. Irradiated phytic acid significantly inhibited the lipid oxidation in meats compared to the control and ascorbic acid treated samples during storage (P < 0.05). The redness of the meats treated with phytic acid had a higher value than did the control and ascorbic acid treated samples, but a significant difference was not observed in the samples treated with phytic acid regardless of irradiation treatment. Irradiated phytic acid was also effective in inhibiting the loss of heme iron and metmyoglobin formation during storage. Results indicated that irradiation might be helpful for improving the antioxidant activity of phytic acid in meats.  相似文献   

北京山区蓝色草本植物资源调查与分析     

庄小锋  杨秀珍  张玉钧  马宝建  韩东  蒋万杰  陈小环  吴春水 《北京林业大学学报》2010,(Z1)

蓝色系草本植物有很高的观赏价值,它不仅是园林景观中的稀有素材,也是育种研究的重要种质资源。北京周边山区有丰富的蓝色系草本资源,但目前应用于园林绿化的种类较少,城区花坛、花境所用素材多为国外引入的园艺品种。根据2年实地调查研究,总结了北京松山、百花山、东灵山等高山地区的蓝色系草本植物种类,统计结果为19科41属59种。针对目前研究及应用现状,对部分有较高观赏价值种类提出引种建议,为今后的开发和利用提供依据。  相似文献   

油副产品在提高卵黄中共轭亚油酸积累中的利用     

Kim J H Choi N J Park H G Kim I H Lee H G Song M K Whang K Y Kim Y J 《饲料博览》2008,(3):67-67

试验旨在测定运用油副产品的有效方法。该油副产品来自红花籽油中共轭亚油酸（CLA）的纯化过程,其中的共轭亚油酸为甘油酯形式。共轭亚油酸副产品（CBP）添加到产蛋鸡饲粮中,以提高共轭亚油酸在卵黄中的积累。试验设3种不同饲粮,分别为：对照饲粮,添加共轭亚油酸副产品2%的饲粮,添加共轭亚油酸-80（含80%游离型共轭亚油酸）2%的饲粮。从3个不同饲粮组获取卵黄,通过气相色谱法分析卵黄脂肪酸,测定蛋品质。在饲养试验阶段,试验组蛋品质和产蛋量几乎没有变化,各试验组间也没有显著差异。添加共轭亚油酸副产品的试验组,在饲养第1周,卵黄中共轭亚油酸含量显著增加;在整个饲养试验阶段,与其他试验组相比,其卵黄中共轭亚油酸含量最高。而添加共轭亚油酸-80试验组,卵黄中共轭亚油酸含量在第3周增加。此外,热处理48h后,共轭亚油酸-80和共轭亚油酸副产品中,总共轭亚油酸异构体含量分别被降低12.92%和0.51%;亚油酸-80（含80%游离型亚油酸）和亚油酸副产品中,亚油酸（LA）异构体含量分别被降低19.63%和5.78%。试验证实共轭亚油酸副产品中脂肪主要是酯化形式,然而共轭亚油酸-80和亚油酸-80中的脂肪由游离脂肪酸构成。油副产品对蛋品质和产蛋量没有影响,作为动物性功能食品来源应用是很有意义的。  相似文献   

Sequence finishing and mapping of Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatin     

Hoskins RA  Carlson JW  Kennedy C  Acevedo D  Evans-Holm M  Frise E  Wan KH  Park S  Mendez-Lago M  Rossi F  Villasante A  Dimitri P  Karpen GH  Celniker SE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5831):1625-1628

Genome sequences for most metazoans and plants are incomplete because of the presence of repeated DNA in the heterochromatin. The heterochromatic regions of Drosophila melanogaster contain 20 million bases (Mb) of sequence amenable to mapping, sequence assembly, and finishing. We describe the generation of 15 Mb of finished or improved heterochromatic sequence with the use of available clone resources and assembly methods. We also constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome-based physical map that spans 13 Mb of the pericentromeric heterochromatin and a cytogenetic map that positions 11 Mb in specific chromosomal locations. We have approached a complete assembly and mapping of the nonsatellite component of Drosophila heterochromatin. The strategy we describe is also applicable to generating substantially more information about heterochromatin in other species, including humans.  相似文献   

Restorative commons     

Sohyun Park 《Landscape Ecology》2010,25(10):1627-1628

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Feeding Ration,Genetics, and Reproductive Traits in Female Coho Salmon: Is Bigger Better?     

James M. Myers  Linda K. Park  Kathleen G. Neely  Penny Swanson  Anna E. Elz  Jeffrey J. Hard 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2011,42(6):812-823

We assessed the effects of different feeding regimes on reproductive traits in coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch. Ration treatments subjected fish to different energy levels during oocyte proliferation (Year 1) and oocyte maturation (Year 2). Fish from 10 full‐sibling families were fed at either the recommended feeding rate or double the recommended ration during the first year. At the beginning of the second year, each ration group was split again into recommended and double ration tanks for a total of four dietary treatments. At the end of the second year, 365 females from the four treatment groups were spawned and body weight, egg weight, and egg number were measured. Overall, the fish fed the double ration during both years grew the fastest (50.1% larger than controls), had the highest egg number (46.3% larger), and had the largest eggs (9.6% larger), although similar increases were observed feeding at the double ration level during the second year alone. Ration modification produced significant changes in some reproductive traits, especially egg number, while family effects had a greater influence on relative fecundity (eggs/g female body weight) and egg weight. In fact, family effects were significant for all of the traits. Results indicate that reproductive traits can be manipulated through changes in ration and/or via genetic selection, either directly or indirectly.  相似文献   

Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on Cell Cycle Synchronization of Goldfish Caudal Fin Derived Fibroblasts Cells     

CH Choresca  OJ Koo  SG Hong  HJ Oh  DK Gomez  JH Kim  BC Lee  SC Park 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(5):e73-e77

Several studies have previously been conducted regarding cell cycle synchronization in mammalian somatic cells. However, limited work has been performed on the control of cell cycle stages in the somatic cells of fish. The aim of this study was to determine the cell cycle arresting effects of several dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations for different times on different cell cycle stages of goldfish caudal fin‐derived fibroblasts. Results demonstrated that the cycling cells or control group (68.29%) yields significantly higher (p < 0.05) arrest in G0/G1 phase compared with the group treated for 24 h with different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0% or 1.5%) of DMSO (64.88%, 65.70%, 64.22% respectively). The cell cycle synchronization in the treatment of cells with 1.0% DMSO at 48 h (81.14%) was significantly higher than that in the groups treated for 24 h (76.82%) and the control group (77.90%). Observations showed that treatment of DMSO resulted in an increase in the proportion of cells at G0/G1 phase for 48 h of culture. However, high levels of apoptotic cells can be detected after 48 h of culture treated with 1% concentration of DMSO.  相似文献   

Differences in root-to-shoot Cd and Zn translocation and by HMA3 and 4 could influence chlorophyll and anthocyanin content in Arabidopsis Ws and Col-0 ecotypes under excess metals     

Won Park  Kyung-Hwan HAN 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):334-348

Judging from the ecotypic variability in Arabidopsis thaliana L., Columbia-0 (Col-0) appears to be less tolerant to cadmium (Cd) than the Wassilewskija (Ws) ecotype that possesses the full-length Heavy Metal ATPase3 (HMA3) cDNA. In this study, the Ws and Col-0 were tested to determine toxic metal response between Ws and Col-0 due to AtHMA3 point mutation and/or other factors. The growth inhibition of Col-0 mediated by Cd and zinc (Zn) was more serious than the inhibition of Ws, while no significant difference was evident by lead (Pb) and cobalt (Co). In the presence of Cd stress, chlorosis in leaves of Col-0 was more serious than the Ws ecotype. When grown under hydroponic culture containing 500?µM Zn, leaves of Col-0 showed a remarkable increase in the anthocyanin content in a dose-dependent manner and the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in anthocyanin synthesis in the leaves. The rate of root-to-shoot translocation of Cd and Zn in the Col-0 was 2 times higher when compared with the Ws, whereas roots of the Col-0 accumulated 2 times lower Cd and Zn concentrations than those of the Ws. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses indicated that not only the alteration of the expression of HMA3 but also of the HMA4 was responsible for the root-to-shoot translocation of toxic metals. The results demonstrate that the Col-0 is readily translocating Cd and Zn to the aerial parts but not the Ws, thereby induce the alteration of phenotype in leaf color.  相似文献   

Classification and structural analysis of live and dead Salmonella cells using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and principal component analysis     

Sundaram J  Park B  Hinton A  Yoon SC  Windham WR  Lawrence KC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(4):991-1004

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to detect Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis food-borne bacteria and to distinguish between live and dead cells of both serotypes. Bacteria cells were prepared in 10(8) cfu/mL concentration, and 1 mL of each bacterium was loaded individually on the ZnSe attenuated total reflection (ATR) crystal surface (45° ZnSe, 10 bounces, and 48 mm × 5 mm effective area of analysis on the crystal) and scanned for spectral data collection from 4000 to 650 cm(-1) wavenumber. Analysis of spectral signatures of Salmonella isolates was conducted using principal component analysis (PCA). Spectral data were divided into three regions such as 900-1300, 1300-1800, and 3000-2200 cm(-1) based on their spectral signatures. PCA models were developed to differentiate the serotypes and live and dead cells of each serotype. Maximum classification accuracy of 100% was obtained for serotype differentiation as well as for live and dead cells differentiation. Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) analysis was carried out on the PCA model and applied to validation sample sets. It gave a predicted classification accuracy of 100% for both the serotypes and its live and dead cells differentiation. The Mahalanobis distance calculated in three different spectral regions showed maximum distance for the 1800-1300 cm(-1) region, followed by the 3000-2200 cm(-1) region, and then by the 1300-900 cm(-1) region. It showed that both of the serotypes have maximum differences in their nucleic acids, DNA/RNA backbone structures, protein, and amide I and amide II bands.  相似文献